scholarly journals Graphene Electro-Optical Switch Modulator by Adjusting Propagation Length Based on Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide in Infrared Band

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Cai ◽  
Shulong Wang ◽  
Zhihong Liu ◽  
Yindi Wang ◽  
Tao Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Plasmonic Waveguide ◽  
Infrared Band ◽  
Propagation Length ◽  
Sio2 Substrate ◽  
Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide ◽  
High Modulation

A modulator is the core of many optoelectronic applications such as communication and sensing. However, a traditional modulator can hardly reach high modulation depth. In order to achieve the higher modulation depth, a graphene electro-optical switch modulator is proposed by adjusting propagation length in the near infrared band. The switch modulator is designed based on a hybrid plasmonic waveguide structure, which is comprised of an SiO2 substrate, graphene–Si–graphene heterostructure, Ag nanowire and SiO2 cladding. The propagation length of the hybrid plasmonic waveguide varies from 0.14 μm to 20.43 μm by the voltage tunability of graphene in 1550 nm incident light. A modulator with a length of 3 μm is designed based on the hybrid waveguide and it achieves about 100% modulation depth. The lower energy loss (~1.71 fJ/bit) and larger 3 dB bandwidth (~83.91 GHz) are attractive for its application in a photoelectric integration field. In addition, the excellent robustness (error of modulation effects lower than 8.84%) is practical in the fabrication process. Most importantly, by using the method of adjusting propagation length, other types of graphene modulators can also achieve about 100% modulation depth.

Broadband Optical Reflection Modulator in Indium-Tin-Oxide-Filled Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide with High Modulation Depth

Plasmonics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1309-1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Han ◽  
Huafeng Ding ◽  
Tianye Huang ◽  
Xu Wu ◽  
Bingwei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Plasmonic Waveguide ◽  
Optical Reflection ◽  
Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide ◽  
High Modulation

scholarly journals A New Electro-Optical Switch Modulator Based on the Surface Plasmon Polaritons of Graphene in Mid-Infrared Band

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Cai ◽  
Shulong Wang ◽  
Bo Gao ◽  
Yindi Wang ◽  
Tao Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Surface Plasmon Polaritons ◽  
Surface Plasmon Polariton ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Dielectric Structure ◽  
Infrared Band ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Plasmon Polaritons

In this paper, a new electro-optical switch modulator based on the surface plasmon polaritons of graphene is proposed. An air–graphene-substrate–dielectric structure is adopted in the modulator. In this structure, the graphene is considered as a film of metal whose thickness tends to be infinitesimal. By changing the external voltage, the boundary conditions can be changed to decide whether the surface plasmon polariton waves can be excited in mid-infrared band. Because of this effect, the structure can be used as an electro–optical switch modulator, whose modulation depth is about 100% in theory. Finally, the 3 dB bandwidth (~34 GHz) and the energy loss (36.47 fJ/bit) of the electro–optical switch modulator are given, whose low energy loss is very suitable for engineering applications.

scholarly journals A Triangle Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide with Long Propagation Length for Ultradeep Subwavelength Confinement

Crystals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Jinbin Pan ◽  
Shulong Wang ◽  
Yongqian Du ◽  
Jieyu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Plasmonic Waveguide ◽  
Ohmic Loss ◽  
Plasmonic Waveguides ◽  
Propagation Length ◽  
Silicon Waveguide ◽  
Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide ◽  
Light Waves ◽  
Fabrication Errors ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
Mode Area

Facing the problems of ohmic loss and short propagation length, the application of plasmonic waveguides is limited. Here, a triangle hybrid plasmonic waveguide is introduced, where a cylinder silicon waveguide is separated from the triangle prism silver waveguide by a nanoscale silica gap. The process of constant optimization of waveguide structure is completed and simulation results indicate that the propagation length could reach a length of 510 μm, and the normalized mode area could reach 0.03 along with a high figure of merit 3150. This implies that longer propagation length could be simultaneously achieved along with relatively ultra-deep subwavelength mode confinement due to the hybridization between metallic plasmon polarization mode and silicon waveguide mode, compared with previous study. By an analysis of fabrication errors, it is confirmed that this waveguide is fairly stable over a wide error range. Additionally, the excellent performance of this is further proved by the comparison with other hybrid plasmonic waveguides. Our work is significant to manipulate light waves at sub-wavelength dimensions and enlarge the application fields, such as light detection and photoelectric sensors, which also benefit the improvement of the integration of optical devices.

scholarly journals Graphene-Based Spatial Light Modulator Using Metal Hot Spots

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanshan Sun ◽  
Yuejun Zheng ◽  
Yunqi Fu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
Light Modulator ◽  
Light Modulators ◽  
High Modulation ◽  
Doped Graphene

Here, we report a graphene-based electric field enhancement structure achieved by several adjacent metal nanoribbons which form the hot spots of the electric field and thus promote the absorption of the single layered graphene below the hot spots. Based on the tunability of the graphene’s Fermi level, the absorption rate can be modulated from near 100% to 35% under low electrostatic gating, leading to a 20 dB modulation depth of reflectance. Compared with the existing near infrared spatial light modulators such as optical cavities integrated with graphene and other structures utilizing patterned or highly doped graphene, our design has the advantages of strong optical field enhancement, low power dissipation and high modulation depth. The proposed electro-optic modulator has a promising potential for developing optical communication and exploiting big data interaction systems.

Broadband spectra translation between mid-infrared band and telecom band in a nonlinear silicon-based symmetric hybrid plasmonic waveguide

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 1850022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xibin Li ◽  
Zhihua Tu ◽  
Qiang Jin ◽  
Shiming Gao ◽  
Sailing He
Keyword(s):  
Optical Switching ◽  
Geometry Optimization ◽  
Plasmonic Waveguide ◽  
Infrared Band ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Silica Substrate ◽  
Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Silicon Based ◽  
All Optical Switching

A symmetric hybrid plasmonic waveguide is designed to realize high-efficient conversion between mid-infrared (MIR) and telecom wavelength bands. The proposed hybrid plasmonic waveguide consists of an insulator–metal–insulator structure buried into a silicon ridge on silica substrate. By using geometry optimization, the dispersion of waveguide is optimized, leading to broadband (resulting in a 3-dB bandwidth of 1,919[Formula: see text]nm from 1.496[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m to 3.415[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m) and efficient (resulting in a peak conversion efficiency of [Formula: see text]18.9[Formula: see text]dB) four-wave mixing (FWM) in a 200-[Formula: see text]m-long waveguide pumped by a 1.725-[Formula: see text]m source of 0.5 W. This waveguide configuration shows its great potential in all-optical switching between MIR band and telecom band.

Tuning SPP propagation length of hybrid plasmonic waveguide by manipulating evanescent field

2020 ◽  
Vol 462 ◽  
pp. 125335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thanh Huong ◽  
Nguyen Duy Vy ◽  
Minh-Tuan Trinh ◽  
Chu Manh Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Evanescent Field ◽  
Plasmonic Waveguide ◽  
Propagation Length ◽  
Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide
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