scholarly journals Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators for Precision Temperature Metrology Applications

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2844
Author(s):  
Giovanni Gugliandolo ◽  
Shahin Tabandeh ◽  
Lucia Rosso ◽  
Denis Smorgon ◽  
Vito Fernicola
Keyword(s):  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Standard Uncertainty ◽  
Platinum Resistance ◽  
Microwave Range ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Precision Temperature ◽  
Better Than

In this work, the authors exploited the whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator properties as a thermometer. The sensor is made of a cylindrical sapphire microwave resonator in the center of a gold-plated copper cavity. Two coaxial cables act as antennas and excite the WGM standing waves in the cylindrical sapphire at selected resonance frequencies in the microwave range. The system affords a high quality factor that enables temperature measurements with a resolution better than 15 µK and a measurement standard uncertainty of 1.2 mK, a value approximately three times better than that achieved in previous works. The developed sensor could be a promising alternative to platinum resistance thermometers, both as a transfer standard in industrial applications and as an interpolating instrument for the dissemination of the kelvin.

Precise Diameter Measurement of a Microsphere Based on Polarization Analysis of Whispering Gallery Mode Resonance

2017 ◽  
Vol 870 ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Masaki Michihata ◽  
Akifumi Kawasaki ◽  
Yasuhiro Takaya
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Diameter Measurement ◽  
Electromagnetic Mode ◽  
Theoretical Simulation ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Better Than

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonance is used for the diameter measuring method of a microsphere smaller than φ 1 mm. It is aimed to achieve measurement accuracy better than 10 nm. There are two electromagnetic modes for WGMs, and then mis-detection of the electromagnetic mode expands measurement errors more than 100 nm, so it is indispensably to distinguish the electromagnetic mode. As theoretical simulation implies, polarization mode of WGMs can be selectively excited by controlling polarization of the incident light in optical coupling. Based on the analysis, it was proofed experimentally that the polarization of WGMs could be classified. As a result, the diameter measurement for a microsphere was performed with measurement error of ± 1 nm.

Evaluation of Effective Conductivity of Copper-Clad Dielectric Laminate Substrates in Millimeter-Wave Bands Using Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators

2009 ◽  
Vol E92-C (12) ◽  
pp. 1504-1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Huong TRAN ◽  
Yuanfeng SHE ◽  
Jiro HIROKAWA ◽  
Kimio SAKURAI ◽  
Yoshinori KOGAMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Effective Conductivity ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Whispering Gallery

scholarly journals A Multi-Mode Broadband Vibration Energy Harvester Composed of Symmetrically Distributed U-Shaped Cantilever Beams

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Huang ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Keren Dai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Cantilever Beams ◽  
Resonant Frequencies ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Straight Beam ◽  
Resonance Frequencies

Using the piezoelectric effect to harvest energy from surrounding vibrations is a promising alternative solution for powering small electronic devices such as wireless sensors and portable devices. A conventional piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) can only efficiently collect energy within a small range around the resonance frequency. To realize broadband vibration energy harvesting, the idea of multiple-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) PEH to realize multiple resonant frequencies within a certain range has been recently proposed and some preliminary research has validated its feasibility. Therefore, this paper proposed a multi-DOF wideband PEH based on the frequency interval shortening mechanism to realize five resonance frequencies close enough to each other. The PEH consists of five tip masses, two U-shaped cantilever beams and a straight beam, and tuning of the resonance frequencies is realized by specific parameter design. The electrical characteristics of the PEH are analyzed by simulation and experiment, validating that the PEH can effectively expand the operating bandwidth and collect vibration energy in the low frequency. Experimental results show that the PEH has five low-frequency resonant frequencies, which are 13, 15, 18, 21 and 24 Hz; under the action of 0.5 g acceleration, the maximum output power is 52.2, 49.4, 61.3, 39.2 and 32.1 μW, respectively. In view of the difference between the simulation and the experimental results, this paper conducted an error analysis and revealed that the material parameters and parasitic capacitance are important factors that affect the simulation results. Based on the analysis, the simulation is improved for better agreement with experiments.

A whispering-gallery-mode microlaser based on dual erbium-doped microspheres

2021 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 107254
Author(s):  
Jing Yan ◽  
D.N. Wang ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Jikai Chen
Keyword(s):  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Erbium Doped

A whispering gallery mode strain sensor based on microtube resonator

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
Yu Liu ◽  
Hui-hui Yang ◽  
Yong-le Lu ◽  
Ke Di ◽  
Jun-qi Guo
Keyword(s):  
Strain Sensor ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Whispering Gallery

scholarly journals Optical whispering-gallery mode barcodes for high-precision and wide-range temperature measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Liao ◽  
Lan Yang
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Multiple Modes ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Thermal Sensing

AbstractTemperature is one of the most fundamental physical properties to characterize various physical, chemical, and biological processes. Even a slight change in temperature could have an impact on the status or dynamics of a system. Thus, there is a great need for high-precision and large-dynamic-range temperature measurements. Conventional temperature sensors encounter difficulties in high-precision thermal sensing on the submicron scale. Recently, optical whispering-gallery mode (WGM) sensors have shown promise for many sensing applications, such as thermal sensing, magnetic detection, and biosensing. However, despite their superior sensitivity, the conventional sensing method for WGM resonators relies on tracking the changes in a single mode, which limits the dynamic range constrained by the laser source that has to be fine-tuned in a timely manner to follow the selected mode during the measurement. Moreover, we cannot derive the actual temperature from the spectrum directly but rather derive a relative temperature change. Here, we demonstrate an optical WGM barcode technique involving simultaneous monitoring of the patterns of multiple modes that can provide a direct temperature readout from the spectrum. The measurement relies on the patterns of multiple modes in the WGM spectrum instead of the changes of a particular mode. It can provide us with more information than the single-mode spectrum, such as the precise measurement of actual temperatures. Leveraging the high sensitivity of WGMs and eliminating the need to monitor particular modes, this work lays the foundation for developing a high-performance temperature sensor with not only superior sensitivity but also a broad dynamic range.

scholarly journals Recent Progress on Optoplasmonic Whispering‐Gallery‐Mode Microcavities

2021 ◽  
pp. 2100143
Author(s):  
Yongpeng Chen ◽  
Yin Yin ◽  
Libo Ma ◽  
Oliver G. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Whispering Gallery
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