scholarly journals Edge Structural Health Monitoring (E-SHM) Using Low-Power Wireless Sensing

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 6760
Author(s):  
Tadhg Buckley ◽  
Bidisha Ghosh ◽  
Vikram Pakrashi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Fixed End

Effective Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) often requires continuous monitoring to capture changes of features of interest in structures, which are often located far from power sources. A key challenge lies in continuous low-power data transmission from sensors. Despite significant developments in long-range, low-power telecommunication (e.g., LoRa NB-IoT), there are inadequate demonstrative benchmarks for low-power SHM. Damage detection is often based on monitoring features computed from acceleration signals where data are extensive due to the frequency of sampling (~100–500 Hz). Low-power, long-range telecommunications are restricted in both the size and frequency of data packets. However, microcontrollers are becoming more efficient, enabling local computing of damage-sensitive features. This paper demonstrates the implementation of an Edge-SHM framework through low-power, long-range, wireless, low-cost and off-the-shelf components. A bespoke setup is developed with a low-power MEM accelerometer and a microcontroller where frequency and time domain features are computed over set time intervals before sending them to a cloud platform. A cantilever beam excited by an electrodynamic shaker is monitored, where damage is introduced through the controlled loosening of bolts at the fixed boundary, thereby introducing rotation at its fixed end. The results demonstrate how an IoT-driven edge platform can benefit continuous monitoring.

scholarly journals Advances in the Structural Health Monitoring of Bridges Using Piezoelectric Transducers

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunzhu Chen ◽  
Xingwei Xue
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Structural Health

With the rapid development of the world’s transportation infrastructure, many long-span bridges were constructed in recent years, especially in China. However, these bridges are easily subjected to various damages due to dynamic loads (such as wind-, earthquake-, and vehicle-induced vibration) or environmental factors (such as corrosion). Therefore, structural health monitoring (SHM) is vital to guarantee the safety of bridges in their service lives. With its wide frequency response range, fast response, simple preparation process, ease of processing, low cost, and other advantages, the piezoelectric transducer is commonly employed for the SHM of bridges. This paper summarizes the application of piezoelectric materials for the SHM of bridges, including the monitoring of the concrete strength, bolt looseness, steel corrosion, and grouting density. For each problem, the application of piezoelectric materials in different research methods is described. The related data processing methods for four types of bridge detection are briefly summarized, and the principles of each method in practical application are listed. Finally, issues to be studied when using piezoelectric materials for monitoring are discussed, and future application prospects and development directions are presented.

scholarly journals Reliable Data Acquisition System for a Low-Cost Accelerograph Applied to Structural Health Monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
Milton Muñoz ◽  
Remigio Guevara ◽  
Santiago González ◽  
Juan Carlos Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Seismic Event ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Recording System ◽  
Continuous Recording ◽  
Remote Communication ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Hydroelectric Dam

This paper presents and evaluates a continuous recording system designed for a low-cost seismic station. The architecture has three main blocks. An accelerometer sensor based on MEMS technology (Microelectromechanical Systems), an SBC platform (Single Board Computer) with embedded Linux and a microcontroller device. In particular, the microcontroller represents the central component which operates as an intermediate agent to manage the communication between the accelerometer and the SBC block. This strategy allows the system for data acquisition in real time. On the other hand, the SBC platform is used for storing and processing data as well as in order to configure the remote communication with the station. This proposal is intended as a robust solution for structural health monitoring (i.e. in order to characterize the response of an infrastructure before, during and after a seismic event). The paper details the communication scheme between the system components, which has been minutely designed to ensure the samples are collected without information loss. Furthermore, for the experimental evaluation the station was located in the facilities on a relevant infrastructure, specifically a hydroelectric dam. The system operation was compared and verified with respect to a certified accelerograph station. Results prove that the continuous recording system operates successfully and allows for detecting seismic events according to requirements of structural health applications (i.e. detects events with a frequency of vibration less than 100 Hz). Specifically, through the system implemented it was possible to characterize the effect of a seismic event of 4 MD reported by the regional seismology network and with epicenter located about 30 Km of the hydroelectric dam. Particularly, the vibration frequencies detected on the infrastructure are in the range of 13 Hz and 29 Hz. Regarding the station performance, results from experiments reveals an average CPU load of 51%, consequently the processes configured on the SBC platform do not involve an overload. Finally, the average energy consumption of the station is close to 2.4 W, therefore autonomy provided by the backup system is aroud of 10 hours.

scholarly journals Structural reliability assessment based on optical monitoring system: case study

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mesquita ◽  
P. Antunes ◽  
A. A. Henriques ◽  
A. Arêde ◽  
P. S. André ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Structural Reliability ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reliability Assessment ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Structural Health

ABSTRACT Optical systems are recognized to be an important tool for structural health monitoring, especially for real time safety assessment, due to simplified system configuration and low cost when compared to regular systems, namely electrical systems. This work aims to present a case study on structural health monitoring focused on reliability assessment and applying data collected by a simplified optical sensing system. This way, an elevated reinforced concrete water reservoir was instrumented with a bi-axial optical accelerometer and monitored since January 2014. Taking into account acceleration data, the natural frequencies and relative displacements were estimated. The reliability analysis was performed based on generalized extreme values distribution (GEV) and the results were employed to build a forecast of the reliability of the water elevated reservoir for the next 100 years. The results showed that the optical system combined with GEV analysis, implemented in this experimental work, can provide adequate data for structural reliability assessment.

Structural Health Monitoring With Piezoelectric Active Sensors

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard A. Winston ◽  
Fanping Sun ◽  
Balkrishna S. Annigeri
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Piezoelectric Element ◽  
Impedance Spectrum ◽  
Active Sensors ◽  
Electromechanical Impedance ◽  
Structural Health

A technology for non-intrusive real-time structural health monitoring using piezoelectric active sensors is presented. The approach is based on monitoring variations of the coupled electromechanical impedance of piezoelectric patches bonded to metallic structures in high-frequency bands. In each of these applications, a single piezoelectric element is used as both an actuator and a sensor. The resulting electromechanical coupling makes the frequency-dependent electric impedance spectrum of the PZT sensor a good mapping of the underlying structure’s acoustic signature. Moreover, incipient structural damage can be indicated by deviations of this signature from its original baseline pattern. Unique features of this technology include its high sensitivity to structural damage, non-intrusiveness to the host structure, and low cost of implementation. These features have potential for enabling on-board damage monitoring of critical or inaccessible aerospace structures and components, such as aircraft wing joints, and both internal and external jet engine components. Several exploratory applications will be discussed.

Structural Health Monitoring Using Iot

2019 ◽  
pp. 144-147
Author(s):  
Sureshkumar M.P ◽  
Vennila G.
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Signal Processing Technique ◽  
Computing Technique ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
The World

In construction industry maintenance should be given utmost importance and focus. For continuous monitoring of maintenance Internet of Things (IoT) can be used. IoT can be used to monitor the structure from anywhere. Structural health monitoring using IoT is the latest technique employed all over the world, especially the buildings exposed to harsh environments. Sensors were used to collect the data from the structure from which we can identify the deterioration and the method to rectify. Cloud computing technique was also employed. A simple signal processing technique helps us to interact with buildings, which was the blessing of IoT.  This paper presents the state of art survey about current research and implementations put into practice.

Use of low-cost GNSS receivers for Structural Health Monitoring

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Manzini ◽  
Andre Orcesi ◽  
Antoine Clément ◽  
Miguel Ortiz ◽  
John Dumoulin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Gnss Receivers

Enhancing Vibration-Based Structural Health Monitoring via Edge Computing: A Tiny Machine Learning Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Zonzini ◽  
Francesca Romano ◽  
Antonio Carbone ◽  
Matteo Zauli ◽  
Luca De Marchi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Classification Problems ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Structural Health

Abstract Despite the outstanding improvements achieved by artificial intelligence in the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) field, some challenges need to be coped with. Among them, the necessity to reduce the complexity of the models and the data-to-user latency time which are still affecting state-of-the-art solutions. This is due to the continuous forwarding of a huge amount of data to centralized servers, where the inference process is usually executed in a bulky manner. Conversely, the emerging field of Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML), promoted by the recent advancements by the electronic and information engineering community, made sensor-near data inference a tangible, low-cost and computationally efficient alternative. In line with this observation, this work explored the embodiment of the One Class Classifier Neural Network, i.e., a neural network architecture solving binary classification problems for vibration-based SHM scenarios, into a resource-constrained device. To this end, OCCNN has been ported on the Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense platform and validated with experimental data from the Z24 bridge use case, reaching an average accuracy and precision of 95% and 94%, respectively.

Development of a Convolutional Neural Network Assisted Fiber Optics Based Passive Structural Health Monitoring System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainulla Khan ◽  
Krishnan Balasubramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Learning Framework ◽  
Fbg Sensors ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract The continuous Non-Destructive Evaluation of assets for long-term assurance of performance has led to several developments over the deployment of a Real-Time Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system. Considering the challenges involved under the implementation of an SHM system for the applications working under harsh environmental conditions with limited access to power sources this work is aimed to contribute towards overcoming those challenges by using the noise from the structure’s machinery or any ambient source as an alternative energy source and employing Fiber Optics based sensing, for its applicability under harsh environments. The required SHM system is realized with the cross-correlation of a fully diffused noise field, sensed using the Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors at two random locations. With no control on the input received as noise, to this end, a method is developed based on a Deep Learning framework, which is aimed towards a Universal Deployment of the passive SHM system. The methodology is designed to perform the health monitoring of the system, independent of the input perturbations. The validation performed on simulation data has demonstrated the feasibility of the developed technique towards the required kind of passive SHM system.

Feasibility of screen-printed PZT microceramics for Structural Health Monitoring piezocomposites applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (CICMT) ◽  
pp. 000020-000025
Author(s):  
Hélène DEBEDA ◽  
Riadh LAKHMI ◽  
Isabelle FAVRE ◽  
Jonathan ARGILLOS ◽  
Mario MAGLIONE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Sacrificial Layer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thick Films ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Monitoring Applications ◽  
Screen Printing Technology

Using the association of the low-cost screen-printing technology with the sacrificial layer method, the feasibility of totally released piezoelectric thick-films microceramics of gold electroded PZT type is studied. After the deposition of the sacrificial layer on an alumina substrate and subsequent printing and drying of gold, PZT and gold layers, the final firing is performed at low temperature. This is followed by the releasing step of the Au/PZT/Au in diluted acidic solution. Impedance analysis shows that the electrical properties and electromechanical coefficients of poled PZT thick-films are still lower than those of PZT ceramics. This result is correlated to the high porosity rate of the PZT layer. However these piezoelectric microceramics present a good electromechanical behaviour and can be used as sensors when solicited by vibrations or as actuators to generate vibrations in a structure on which they are bonded. Moreover, the successful fabrication associated to a good electromechanical signature on a metallic test structure suggests Structural Health Monitoring applications.

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