scholarly journals Driver’s Personality and Behavior for Boosting Automobile Security and Sensing Health Problems Through Fuzzy Signal Detection Case Study: Mexico City

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7350
Author(s):  
Germán E. Baltazar Reyes ◽  
Pedro Ponce ◽  
Sergio Castellanos ◽  
José Alberto Galván Hernández ◽  
Uriel Sierra Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Aggressive Driving ◽  
Efficiency Gains ◽  
Collision Mitigation ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Optimal Driving

Automobile security became an essential theme over the last years, and some automakers invested much money for collision avoidance systems, but personalization of their driving systems based on the user’s behavior was not explored in detail. Furthermore, efficiency gains could be had with tailored systems. In Mexico, 80% of automobile accidents are caused by human beings; the remaining 20% are related to other issues such as mechanical problems. Thus, 80% represents a significant opportunity to improve safety and explore driving efficiency gains. Moreover, when driving aggressively, it could be connected with mental health as a post-traumatic stress disorder. This paper proposes a Tailored Collision Mitigation Braking System, which evaluates the driver’s personality driving treats through signal detection theory to create a cognitive map that understands the driving personality of the driver. In this way, aggressive driving can be detected; the system is then trained to recognize the personality trait of the driver and select the appropriate stimuli to achieve the optimal driving output. As a result, when aggressive driving is detected continuously, an automatic alert could be sent to the health specialists regarding particular risky behavior linked with mental problems or drug consumption. Thus, the driving profile test could also be used as a detector for health problems.

scholarly journals Online Mental Health Assessments of COVID-19 Patients in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Hyun Lee ◽  
Dayoung Lee ◽  
Soyoen Hyun ◽  
Ji Sun Hong ◽  
Chang-Hoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Post Traumatic

Experiences of infectious diseases cause stressful and traumatic life events, hence, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients could suffer from various mental health problems requiring psychological support services. This study investigates the severity of mental health problems among confirmed COVID-19 patients. From March to November 2020, we collected the data from 118 COVID-19 patients who voluntarily participated in the National Center for Disaster Trauma's online mental health assessment consisting of self-report scales like Primary Care of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder screen (PC-PTSD), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), and P4 Suicidality Screener. For control, 116 other disaster-experienced and 386 non-COVID-19-experienced participants were recruited. The COVID-19 patients showed more severe symptoms including post-traumatic symptoms, depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms than control groups across all four screening scales (p < 0.001). Regarding high-risk, COVID-19 patients had an increased association with high-risk compared to the comparison groups (PC-PTSD: OR = 24.16, 95% CI = 13.52–43.16 p < 0.001; PHQ-9: OR = 14.45, 95% CI = 8.29–25.19, p < 0.001; GAD-7: OR=20.71, 95% CI = 10.74–39.96, p < 0.001; PHQ-15: OR = 5.65, 95% CI = 3.44–9.25, p < 0.001; P4: OR = 14.67, 95% CI = 8.95–25.07, p < 0.001). This study's results imply that there is a high-risk of overall mental health problems, especially stronger associations of post-traumatic stress symptoms, in COVID-19 patients. These findings help inform practitioners about the psychological responses to COVID-19 experiences and to prepare appropriate interventions and services for the incremental number of confirmed cases.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic stress reactions in survivors of the 2011 massacre on Utøya Island, Norway

2014 ◽  
Vol 204 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grete Dyb ◽  
Tine K. Jensen ◽  
Egil Nygaard ◽  
Øivind Ekeberg ◽  
Trond H. Diseths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundAlthough youths in many countries have been exposed to terrorism, few studies have examined early risk and protective factors for the subsequent development of mental health problems.AimsTo investigate the levels of post-traumatic stress in survivors of the 2011 massacre on Ut⊘ya Island compared with the general population in Norway, and to identify predictive factors.MethodFour hundred and ninety survivors were invited to participate. Structured face-to-face interviews were performed 4–5 months after the attack.ResultsThere were 325 study participants (response rate 66%). Survivors had been highly exposed to danger and loss. Post-traumatic stress levels were more than six times higher in survivors than in the general population. Predictors were female gender, minority ethnic status, high level of trauma exposure, pain, the loss of someone close and social support.ConclusionsSurvivor characteristics that can be assessed in the early aftermath of a terrorist attack strongly predict the subsequent mental health problems of exposed youths. The highly elevated symptoms observed were largely attributable to the traumatic experience and reflect the mental health costs of the terrorist attack.

P.E. Ruskin and J.A. Talbott (eds.). Aging and posttraumatic stress disorder. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1996.

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-166
Author(s):  
Philippe Cappeliez
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

ABSTRACTPost-traumatic stress disorder refers to the aftermath of highly traumatic events involving death, serious injury, or threat to one's physical integrity in circumstances out of the ordinary, such as war, natural disasters, rape, or torture. Four chapters of this book specifically address post-traumatic stress disorder, as a late-onset or reactivated condition, in World War II veterans and older adults who survived a natural disaster. These contributions, from American and Dutch researchers, bring first-hand information on the prevalence and course of the disorder and they constitute the originality of the book. Two chapters, on the maltreatment of older adults and on the stressful impact of ordinary negative events on older adults, expand the coverage of stress in late adulthood. Starting and finishing with a discussion of general issues in stress and post-traumatic stress research, the book also contains two chapters of a more general nature on the effects of age on physiological responses to stress in both laboratory animals and human beings. Contributions providing a theoretical context for integration and drawing the therapeutic implications of the research findings would have been useful. Still, this book constitutes a unique source of information and a basic reading, given the paucity of research in the area of post-traumatic stress disorder in older adults.

Adolescent Exposure to Violence and Adult Anxiety, Depression, and PTSD

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-201
Author(s):  
Herbert C. Covey ◽  
Leah McCoy Grubb ◽  
Robert J. Franzese ◽  
Scott Menard
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Exposure To Violence ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Parental Violence ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Adolescent Exposure

The present study investigates how adolescent exposure to violence (AEV), in the form of parental physical abuse, witnessing parental violence, and exposure to violence in the neighborhood, is related to adult anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder, controlling for more general adolescent violent victimization and for self-reports and parent reports of mental health problems in adolescence, on a national household-based probability sample of individuals who were adolescents in the mid-1970s and who were followed through early adulthood in the early 2000s. The results suggest that AEV is associated with mental health problems in adolescence but not, controlling for other variables, in adulthood, but there is continuity in mental health problems associated with AEV from adolescence to adulthood.

scholarly journals The Clinical Trial of COVID-19 Patients: The Effectiveness of Emotion-Focused Therapy on Post- Traumatic Stress and Depression

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Reliable Change Index ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Emotion Focused Therapy ◽  
The World ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background: At the end of 2019, the world faced a phenomenon that plunged all human beings into extreme fear and anxiety. A new type of coronavirus began to spread among people around the world, and this was the beginning of one of the greatest pandemics and its problems in the world. Objectives: The present study aimed to study the effect of Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) on reducing post-traumatic stress and depression among Covid-19 patients. The statistical population was all English language students at the University of Tehran who had recovered from Covid-19. A total of three students (with a mean age of 22±2 years old) were selected from those who had recovered from Covid-19 using convenience sampling. Results: The data were analyzed using visual inspection, Reliable Change Index (RCI), and percentage change formula. The results of the study indicated that the mean improvement of post-traumatic stress variable for the three patients in the post-treatment and follow-up was 42.39% and 41.54%, respectively. Additionally, this value for the depression variable was 60.78 and 60.22% in the post-treatment and the follow-up. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, EFT was effective on post-traumatic stress and depression in students infected with Covid-19. Therefore, it is recommended to use this treatment to reduce post-traumatic stress and depression in patients with Covid-19.

A pilot program using media to combat trauma in adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1069-1069
Author(s):  
M.-E. Glaser Latham
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Adolescent Development ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Combat Trauma ◽  
Pilot Program ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
And Behavior

Empirical research and current statistics show that child sexual violence/abuse and its lasting effects, such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, are key issues in adolescent development and could be addressed in a novel fashion involving supervised peer-groups and the arts.We propose a pilot program that would span twenty-two weeks, with ideally a maximum of twenty (20) students from a large, metropolitan-area of United States. These high school aged adolescents will have experienced trauma through sexual violence/abuse and also will have experienced academic and behavioral decline within six months of the initial trauma. Students will explore, through the medium of photography, a weekly-assigned issue that relates to their daily life.After the twenty-two weeks have passed, we will continue to check in with the teens, parents, and teachers to see if any measured gains persist. My goal is to show that through the creative exploration of the self, coupled with the building a new social system, there will be an increase in academic performance, mental health, self-esteem, and behavior. As a pilot, I will be able to predict efficacy in advance of moving forward into a larger study.

Mental Health Problems among Orphanage Children in the Gaza Strip

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamia Thabet ◽  
Abdel Aziz Mousa Thabet
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Residential Units ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Gaza Strip

Lamia Thabet, Abdel Aziz Mousa Thabet, Sajida Abdul Hussein and Panos Vostanis report on a study that aimed to establish the level of emotional problems among 115 children aged 9–16 years (average 13.4), who were living in two orphanages in the Gaza Strip. The children's age of admission to the orphanage (average 8.8 years) was higher than in traditional orphanages in other countries. This was related to the reasons for admission, following their father's death, and the inability of their remaining family to care for them. However, children retained substantial contact with their family of origin by visiting during school holidays (88.6%) or being visited at the unit (97.4%). Using previous standardised mental health measures completed by the children and their main carers, children demonstrated high rates of anxiety, depressive and post-traumatic stress reactions. These mental health problems were strongly inter-related but were not found to be associated with social/care variables. Potential implications of the findings for orphanages and other residential units in developing countries are discussed. These should take into consideration the socio-cultural characteristics of each country and limited local resources; involve non-governmental organisations and local communities; tackle wider stigmatising attitudes; and instill a child-centred philosophy within these settings.

Predictors of Disclosure Recipients’ Social Reactions to Victims’ Disclosures of Dating and Sexual Violence: A Longitudinal Study of College Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052093851
Author(s):  
Katie M. Edwards ◽  
Sarah E. Ullman ◽  
Emily A. Waterman ◽  
Christina M. Dardis
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Victim Blame ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Social Reactions ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Negative Social Reactions

Dating violence (DV) and sexual violence (SV) are pernicious issues among college students that lead to deleterious outcomes, which are more likely when victims receive more negative social reactions (e.g., blaming the victim) and fewer positive social reactions to disclosure (e.g., providing emotional support). Most research studies have examined victims’ reports of social reactions to their assault disclosures, with only a few cross-sectional studies of predictors of disclosure recipients’ provision of positive and negative social reactions to victims. The purpose of the current study was to address these gaps in the literature. Participants were 481 college students (76.4% women, 89.2% White/Non-Hispanic) who reported being a disclosure recipient during the past six months (measured at Time 2 to cross-sectionally and longitudinally predict their social reactions to victims’ disclosures). Results suggested that both victim and disclosure recipient characteristics (e.g., gender, race), disclosure recipient perceptions of victims (e.g., empathy for victim, blame of victim, victims’ coping) and both disclosure recipient and victim behavior at the time of disclosure (e.g., drinking, distress) were related to disclosure recipient social reactions. These findings underscore the need for programs for potential informal disclosure recipients that target psychological variables (e.g., post-traumatic stress disorder) and behavior at the time of disclosure, as well as their perceptions of victims more generally, in addition to improving their knowledge and ability to respond with positive social reactions and avoid negative social reactions.

Low testosterone in a young combat veteran with dual diagnosis and suicidal behavior: a case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew D. Kiraly ◽  
Leo Sher
Keyword(s):  
Dual Diagnosis ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Combat Veteran ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Low Testosterone ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Important Marker

Abstract Suicide and suicidal behaviors amongst combat veterans is an important public health issue. Exposure to military combat predisposes patients to increased levels of major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance abuse, and chronic pain – all of which are important risk factors for suicide. Here, we present a case study of a young combat veteran who presented with an impulsive suicide attempt that had a high potential for lethality in the context of depression, PTSD, and substance use. On routine admission laboratory work, his serum level of testosterone was seen to be low. Given the important role that testosterone plays in the regulation of mood and behavior, we posit that it is a potentially important marker for suicide risk in an already at-risk population.

scholarly journals IMMIGRATION AND MENTAL DISORDERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Lambrini Kourkouta ◽  
Konstantinos Koukourikos ◽  
Ioanna V. Papathanasiou ◽  
Areti Tsaloglidou
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Support Methods ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Immigration is the movement of people into a country where they will remain as its permanent residents or future citizens without having citizenship. Purpose: The purpose of this review study is to highlight the impact of immigration on the mental health of immigrants and to identify the mental disorders from which immigrants are at risk of getting ill. Methodology: The study material consisted of articles on the topic, found in Greek and international databases such as: Google Scholar, Mednet, Pubmed, Medline and the Hellenic Academic Libraries Association (HEAL-Link), using the appropriate keywords: mental illness, immigrants, treatment. Results: It is estimated that two-thirds of refugees - migrants experience anxiety and depression. Studies show that these are populations with severe social problems, unmet needs, and a range of mental health problems such as depression, panic attacks, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, suicidal ideation, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Conclusions: Addressing the mental health problems of immigrants and refugees can only be holistic. It requires much more psychosocial interventions and practical solutions, always combined with culturally appropriate psychological support methods.

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