scholarly journals Subchronic Toxicity Evaluation of Ethanol Extract of Picria fel-terrae Lour. Leaf in Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Urip Harahap ◽  
Yuandani ◽  
Marianne ◽  
Hafiza Agustya ◽  
Dira Azizah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Relative Organ Weight ◽  
Histopathology Examination

Picria fel-terrae extract has been investigated for its hepatoprotective activity. This current study was conducted to evaluate the subchronic toxic effect of Picria fel-terrae Lour. leaf extract. The subchronic toxicity of ethanol extract of P. fel-terrae leaf was evaluated by OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) guidelines. The extract at doses of 125, 250, 500, 1000 mg/kg body weight (BW) were orally administered to the test animals for 90 days. Signs of toxicity and mortality were observed for 90 days and 118 days. The biochemistry, hematology, macropathology, relative organ weight and histopathology examination was also performed. The macroscopic and microscopic examinations of liver, lung, kidney, spleen and heart displayed normal color and texture after treatment, with ethanol extract P. fel-terrae leaf at doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg BW. The signs of toxicity, mortality, macroscopic and microscopic changes, as well as increasing biochemistry parameters were observed after treatment, with extract at the dose of 500 and 1000 mg/kg BW. However, the abnormal value of biochemistry parameters was returned to normal when the treatment was stopped. There was no effect on hematological parameters at all doses of extract. The ethanol extract P. fel-terrae leaf is untoxic for long-term use at dose 125 and 250 mg/kg BW. The toxic effect of P. fel-terrae at 500 and 1000 mg/kg BW was reversible.

scholarly journals Subchronic Toxicity of Green Algae (Spyrogyra sp.) Ethanolic Extract on Hematologic Parameters

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Nina Salamah ◽  
Wahyu Widyaningsih ◽  
Hari Susanti ◽  
Anggita Devi ◽  
Anita Wening Sejati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Hematology Parameters

<p>Green Algae, an organism with active substance such as phytomelatonin, has potential to be developed as Indonesian traditional medicine. As the long term addition of Green Algae ethanol extract (<em>Ekstrak etanol ganggang hijau</em>, EEGH) influences the hematology system, in this paper, the safety test was done to ensure the safety of its use through subchronic toxicity test of EEGH on the hematology parameters of Wistar rats. The test group consisted of three groups treated with EEGH 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg, while the control group was given by 0.5% CMC-Na, with 8 rats each respectively. By using blood samples taken from orbital sinus on the 29<sup>th</sup> day, common hematologic parameters (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and hemoglobin level), the parameters of hemostasis (platelets, pT, aPTT, BT) and immune parameters (Differential Leukocytes Counts include neutrophils segment, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils) were finally observed and showed that the 28 days-addition of EEGH increase the hematological parameters of Wistar rats.</p>

scholarly journals Subchronic Toxicity of Green Algae (Spyrogyra sp.) Ethanolic Extract on Hematologic Parameters

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Nina Salamah ◽  
Wahyu Widyaningsih ◽  
Hari Susanti ◽  
Anggita Devi ◽  
Anita Wening Sejati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Hematology Parameters

<p>Green Algae, an organism with active substance such as phytomelatonin, has potential to be developed as Indonesian traditional medicine. As the long term addition of Green Algae ethanol extract (<em>Ekstrak etanol ganggang hijau</em>, EEGH) influences the hematology system, in this paper, the safety test was done to ensure the safety of its use through subchronic toxicity test of EEGH on the hematology parameters of Wistar rats. The test group consisted of three groups treated with EEGH 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg, while the control group was given by 0.5% CMC-Na, with 8 rats each respectively. By using blood samples taken from orbital sinus on the 29<sup>th</sup> day, common hematologic parameters (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and hemoglobin level), the parameters of hemostasis (platelets, pT, aPTT, BT) and immune parameters (Differential Leukocytes Counts include neutrophils segment, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils) were finally observed and showed that the 28 days-addition of EEGH increase the hematological parameters of Wistar rats.</p>

scholarly journals Subacute Toxicity Effect of Psidium guajava Leaves Ethanolic Extract on Gaster in Wistar Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Esti Dyah Utami ◽  
Hanif Nasiatul Baroroh ◽  
Nuryanti Nuryanti
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Respiratory Disorder ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Effect ◽  
Test Materials

Psidium guajava leaves have been proven be antiallergic. From the results of previous research, the ethanol extract of leaves is included in the class materials "Practically Non-Toxic." However, repeated administration may cause toxic effects on body organs, one of which was gaster. Subchronic toxicity had been carried out on 20 male Wistar rats and 20 female wistar albino rats. The test materials were administered orally, every day for 28 days. There are 3 (three) doses of test materials which were 250 mg, 500 mg, and 750 mg/kg BW. Observation of the general toxic effect was performed everyday, then organ sampling was performed on day 29 to examined gaster histology and score using Barthel-Manja methods. The result showed that administration of Psidium guajava leaves extract for 28 days caused physical and behavioral changes, caused soft and mucous feces, and also respiratory disorder. But the extract at dose 250 mg, 500 mg and 750 mg/kg BW did not caused changes on gaster histology profile and score. In conclusion, the extract did not have subchronic toxicity effect on gaster rat, but might caused general toxic effect in the higher dose.

scholarly journals The Hepatoprotective Effect of Ethanol Extract of Syzygium campanulatum (Korth) and Syzygium aromaticum (L) Leaf on Male Wistar Rat (Rattus Norvegicus) was Induced by Paracetamol

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Much Ilham Novalisa Aji Wibowo ◽  
Nur Aeni ◽  
Zidna Mazayatul Huda ◽  
Nunuk Aries Nurulita
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Hepatoprotective Agent ◽  
Better Than

Syzygium campanulatum and Syzygium aromaticum contains antioxidant components suchas flavonoids, phenolic, and terpenoids. May have hepatoprotective properties in reducing SGPT and SGOT activity. This research wants to determine the potency of hepatoprotective of ethanolic extract of Syzygium campanulatum (Korth) and Syzygium aromaticum leaf compared with curcuma tablets. This research uses 24 male Wistar rats divided into 6 groups: I, II, III (as a normal, induction, and compared control), group IV, V, VI were treated 105, 210, and 420 mg/kg BW respectively. The study was conducted for 9 days. After 7 days of treatment, treated groups were exposed by hepatotoxic dose of paracetamol (2000 mg/kg BW). The SGPT and SGOT activity of all groups was measured by enzimatic assay. The result can be concluded that Syzygium campanulatum extract was found to be active as hepatoprotective agent with 210 mg/kg BW dosage (SGPT 21.76 ± 3.98 U/L and SGOT 7.32±6.74U/L) as eff ective as with the curcuma tablets (SGPT 23.91 ± 4.41 U/L and SGOT 14.12±5.37 U/L) and the hepatoprotective activity of Syzygium campanulatum extract at a dosage 420 mg/kg BW better than curcuma tablets (SGPT 12.43 ± 6.51 U/L and SGOT 6.64 ± 5.88 U/L). While the hepatoprotec Syzygium campanulatum and Syzygium aromaticum contains antioxidant components such as flavonoids, phenolic, and terpenoids.May have hepatoprotective properties in reducing SGPT and SGOT activity. This research wants to determine the potency of hepatoprotective of ethanolic extract of Syzygium campanulatum (Korth) and Syzygium aromaticum leaf compared with curcuma tablets. This research uses 24 male Wistar rats divided into 6 groups: I, II, III (as a normal, induction, and compared control), group IV, V, VI were treated 105, 210, and 420 mg/kg BW respectively. The study was conducted for 9 days. After 7 days of treatment, treated groups were exposed by hepatotoxic dose of paracetamol (2000 mg/kg BW). The SGPT and SGOT activity of all groups was measured by enzimatic assay. The result can be concluded that Syzygium campanulatum extract was found to be active as hepatoprotective agent with 210 mg/kg BW dosage (SGPT 21.76 ± 3.98 U/L and SGOT 7.32±6.74U/L) as eff ective as with the curcuma tablets (SGPT 23.91 ± 4.41 U/L and SGOT 14.12±5.37 U/L) and the hepatoprotective activity of Syzygium campanulatum extract at a dosage 420 mg/kg BW better than curcuma tablets (SGPT 12.43 ± 6.51 U/L and SGOT 6.64 ± 5.88 U/L). While the hepatoprotective activity of Syzygium aromaticum extracts eff ective as with curcuma tablets at all dosage variation.

Subchronic toxicity evaluation of ethanol extract of Cassia tora L. seeds in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 104487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu-Jin Lee ◽  
Jong-Hyun Nho ◽  
Beo-Deul Yang ◽  
Ho Park ◽  
Hyun-Joo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Cassia Tora

scholarly journals Subchronic toxicity evaluation of the hydroethanolic extract from Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrec in Wistar rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sa Beatriz ◽  
S Lima Clarissa ◽  
Davi A Silva Uriel ◽  
O Carvalho Helison ◽  
P Fernandes Caio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

scholarly journals Some hematological parameters of Wistar rats treated with Chromolaena odorata leave extracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henshaw Uchechi Okoroiwu ◽  
Ifeyinwa Maryann Okafor ◽  
Emmanuel Kufre Uko ◽  
Item Justin Atangwho
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

This study was designed to investigate the effects of the different extracts of Chromolaena odorata leave on the hematopoietic system of Wistar rats. Solvent extraction was used for the ethanol and aqueous extractions while decoction method was used for the crude extraction. Fifty Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 140-180 g were used for this study. They were divided into ten groups each containing five rats. The animals were fed the extracts by oral gavage once daily for 21 days. Blood sample was collected via cardiac artery. Hematological parameters were analyzed using automation method. The ethanol extract gave the highest extract yield. The aqueous, ethanol and crude extraction had median lethal toxicity (LD50) of 2738.6 mg/kg, 1581.1 mg/kg and 224.7 mg/kg, respectively. Significant difference (P<0.05) in the total white blood cell count was observed in the 75 mg/kg ethanol and 300 mg/kg crude extracts when compared with control group. Significant difference (P<0.05) in the hemoglobin concentration was observed in the 150 mg/kg ethanol extracts when compared with the control group. Significant difference (P<0.05) in the packed cell volume was seen in the 75 mg/kg aqueous, 150 mg/kg aqueous and 75 mg/kg ethanol extracts in respect to the control group. The mean cell volume, the mean platelet volume and platelet large cell ratio of the 75 mg/kg aqueous extract were significantly different (P<0.05) when compared with the control group. The present study showed possible treatment-induced hematopoietic function of C. odorata leave extracts.

scholarly journals Acute and 28-Day Repeated-Dose Oral Toxicity Assessment of Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. in Healthy Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sachinthi S. Amarasiri ◽  
Anoja P. Attanayake ◽  
Liyanagae D. A. M. Arawwawala ◽  
Kamani A. P. W. Jayatilaka ◽  
Lakmini K. B. Mudduwa
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Repeated Dose ◽  
Total Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Relative Organ Weight ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Dose Oral

Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. (family: Malvaceae) has a long history of being used as a folk medicine in Sri Lanka. Despite the therapeutic use of this plant in traditional medicine, leaves of A. moschatus have not been subjected to scientific evaluation of toxicity/adverse effects in vivo. Thus, the present study was aimed to assess the acute and 28-day repeated-dose oral toxic effects of hexane (55 mg/kg), ethyl acetate (75 mg/kg), butanol (60 mg/kg), and aqueous (140 mg/kg) leaf extracts of A. moschatus in Wistar rats. Furthermore, identification of phytochemical constituents and determination of in vitro total antioxidant activity of the selected leaf extracts of A. moschatus were carried out. Repeated-dose oral administration of hexane and aqueous plant extracts produced no significant changes in the hematological profile and in selected biochemical parameters compared to the untreated healthy rats (p>0.05). The administration of ethyl acetate and butanol extracts resulted in significant changes in some of the hematological parameters (p<0.05), whereas biochemical parameters were not changed (p>0.05). No significant changes in the relative organ weight of treated rats were observed (p>0.05) except in the kidneys of Wistar rats treated with the ethyl acetate extract of A. moschatus (p<0.05). Normal morphology with no signs of hemorrhages, necrosis, or inflammatory cell infiltrations was observed in the vital organs selected during the assessment of histopathology on H and E-stained tissue sections upon the treatment of selected extracts. Alkaloids were absent in the selected leaf extracts excluding the health risk for harmful alkaloids. The highest total antioxidant activity was reported in the butanol extract. In conclusion, the hexane and aqueous extracts of A. moschatus were completely nontoxic, whereas butanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed statistically significant changes in some hematological parameters and in relative organ weight of kidneys in healthy Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Toxic Effect of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl Leaf Extract on Hematological Parameters

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Hanif M Q ◽  
Yuandani Y ◽  
Harahap U
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Phaleria Macrocarpa ◽  
Hematology Parameters

Objectives: This current study was conducted to evaluate the toxic effect of P. macrocarpa leaf extract (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) on hematology parameters in rats. Design: The toxicity of ethanol extract of P. macrocarpa leaf was evaluated by OECD guidelines. The extract at doses of 100, 500, 1000 mg/kg body weight (bw), control satellite and satellite group dose 1000 mg/kg bw were orally administered to the test animal for 90 days. Hematological parameters were observed for 90 days and 118 days for treatment and satellite group, respectively. Interventions: The variable that was intervened in this study was the doses of P. macrocarpa extract. Main outcome measure: The main results in this study were the toxic effect of P. macrocarpa leaf on hematology parameters. Results: The etanol extract of P. macrocarpa did not cause any changes in hematological parameters, these include red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelet, white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils levels as compared to normal control (P>0.05) Conclusion: The ethanol extract of P. macrocarpa leaf did not cause any toxic effect on hematological parameters for long-term use.  

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