scholarly journals Subacute Toxicity Effect of Psidium guajava Leaves Ethanolic Extract on Gaster in Wistar Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Esti Dyah Utami ◽  
Hanif Nasiatul Baroroh ◽  
Nuryanti Nuryanti
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Respiratory Disorder ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Effect ◽  
Test Materials

Psidium guajava leaves have been proven be antiallergic. From the results of previous research, the ethanol extract of leaves is included in the class materials "Practically Non-Toxic." However, repeated administration may cause toxic effects on body organs, one of which was gaster. Subchronic toxicity had been carried out on 20 male Wistar rats and 20 female wistar albino rats. The test materials were administered orally, every day for 28 days. There are 3 (three) doses of test materials which were 250 mg, 500 mg, and 750 mg/kg BW. Observation of the general toxic effect was performed everyday, then organ sampling was performed on day 29 to examined gaster histology and score using Barthel-Manja methods. The result showed that administration of Psidium guajava leaves extract for 28 days caused physical and behavioral changes, caused soft and mucous feces, and also respiratory disorder. But the extract at dose 250 mg, 500 mg and 750 mg/kg BW did not caused changes on gaster histology profile and score. In conclusion, the extract did not have subchronic toxicity effect on gaster rat, but might caused general toxic effect in the higher dose.

scholarly journals Cardioprotective Potential of Ethanol Extract of Sonchus Arvensis L. Leaves on Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Neng Fisheri Kurniati ◽  
Elin Yulinah Sukandar ◽  
Rian Pardilah ◽  
Nova Suliska ◽  
Dhyan Kusuma Ayuningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis

Sonchus arvensis L. leaves have been used traditionally to treat various disease conditions. This study is designed to evaluate cardioprotective potential of ethanol extract of S. arvensis leaves on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rat. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into three main groups: negative control (saline only), positive control (isoproterenol only), and S. arvensis extract treated groups. S. arvensis extract was administered in three doses; 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg b.w. p.o for 14 days. On day 13 and 14, isoproterenol (85 mg/kg bw) was given intraperitoneally to positive control and extract treated groups. The parameters studied were cardiac biomarker enzymes which were Creatine Kinase (CK), Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH). The results showed that S. arvensis at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. could significantly (P<0.05) reduce the level of CK, CK-MB, AST, ALT, and LDH in myocardial infarcted rats compared to positive control. The increase of the dose of S. arvensis extract was not followed by an increase of its cardioprotective activity. In conclusion, Sonchus arvensis L. leaves extract at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. has potential to be developed as cardioprotective drug.

scholarly journals SUBACUTE TOXICITY TEST OF Rhizophora apiculata BARK EXTRACT ON LIVER AND PANCREAS HISTOPATHOLOGY OF RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Syazili Mustofa ◽  
Isnamurti Ciptaningrum ◽  
Caesaria Sinta Zuya
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Liver And Pancreas

Background: Rhizophora apiculata, one of the mangrove plant widely spread in Indonesia, can be developed as a medicinal plant. The extract of the bark has been found to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. However, the toxicity of Rhizophora apiculata has not been established yet.Objective: This research aims to evaluate the toxicity of ethanolic extract of Rhizophora apiculata bark on histopathological changes in rat’s liver and pancreas.Methods: Subacute toxicity study of the ethanol extract of Rhizophora apiculata bark was performed in healthy male rats by administering the extract at doses of 57, 114, 228, 456, and 918 mg/kg of body weight daily for 28 days. The subacute toxicity in rats was determined by histological analyses.Results: No significant adverse effect of the extract at dose 57 mg/kg was found. However at and over 114 mg/kg dose of the extract exhibited toxicities to the rats’ liver. In addition, the toxic effect appeared in rats’ pancreas at and over 228 mg/kg dose.Conclusions: Rhizophora apiculata bark extract showed no toxicity at or below 57 mg/kg. The ethanol extract from bark of Rhizophora apiculata showed toxicity at 114 mg/kg by subchronic toxicity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of potentials of aqueous ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava on reproductive functions of male Albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
S.A. Abwage ◽  
S.T. Agu ◽  
S.A. Saganuwan ◽  
A.H. Abu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Aqueous Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

The therapeutic utilization of plants for managing several diseases by people of all continents, especially Africa, is as old as tradition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potentials of aqueous ethanolic leaf extract of Psidium guajava on male reproductive parameters. Twenty-four male Albino rats were randomly assigned into four groups of six rats per group. Rats in the control group were administered Tween 20®. Rats in groups 2, 3, and 4 were administered Psidium guajava aqueous ethanolic leaf extract orally at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight, respectively, once daily for 60 days. The body weights of the rats were determined at the beginning and end of the experiment. Sperm parameters and some reproductive organs weight of each rat was also determined, some organs were collected for histopathology. Assay for follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone was done using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent methods. Some reproductive organs were collected for histopathological analyses. The results showed a dose-dependent increase (p<0.05) in the weight of male reproductive organs, sperm parameters, and hormones. The extract significantly increased (P < 0.05) serum testosterone in the group treated 400 mg/kg body weight when treated groups were compared with control. Furthermore, the results of FSH and LH revealed a significant (p < 0.05) increase when the treated groups were compared with the control. The histopathological analysis did not reveal any form of damage to the architectural integrity of the testis. However, there was degenerating germinal epithelium in the group administered 400 mg/kg of the aqueous ethanolic leaf extract of P. guajava. Conclusion: aqueous ethanolic extract of P. guajava has positive effects on male reproductive parameters.

scholarly journals Assessment of Nephroprotective Potential of Ethanolic Extract Premna Tomentosa (Ept) in Alcohol Toxicity in Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 3099-3103
Author(s):  
Gomathi Priyadharsini T ◽  
Kavimani M ◽  
Sathiya Narayana Murthy S ◽  
Prabhu K ◽  
Arudyuti Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Histopathological Changes

The nephroprotective prospective of Premna tomentosa extract against Alcohol induced nephrotoxicity in rats was investigated in the present study. The characterization of ethanol extract of Premna tomentosa (EPT) was performed using standard phytochemical analysis. Male albino wistar rats 36 in numbers were divided into 6 groups including control, negative control, positive control and various doses of EPT Treated groups; Nephrotoxicity was induced by alcohol (1ml/100gm b.wt) in animals. Rats intoxicated with Alcohol were fed with 500, 750 mg/kg dose of EPT and Liv 52 (1ml/100gm b.wt) for 60 days. Results show that EPT (500mg/kg b.wt) had a significant effect against alcohol induced nephrotoxicity in rats than EPT (750mg/kg b.wt) in blood parameters and consonantly good histopathological changes in kidney. The deleterious histopathological alterations in kidney associated with glomerular and tubular changes in alcohol intoxicated rats was evident. This result shows Premna tomentosa may be used as supplementary drug for alcoholics.

scholarly journals A SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT FROM TUNJUK LANGIT RHIZOME (HELMINTHOSTACHYS ZEYLANICA) ON ALBINO RATS, RATTUS NOVERTICUS (WISTAR STRAIN)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Fitrya Fitrya ◽  
Najma Annuria Fithry
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Group V ◽  
Toxic Symptom ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Objective: Traditionally, Tunjuk langit (Helmynthostachis zaylanica) rhizome has been used as anticancer and anti-inflammation drugs; however, it may have toxic effects on major organs for a long-term continuously consecutive consumption. Therefore, this study was carried out to test sub- chronic toxicity of the ethanol extract of the rhizome on Albino rats, Rattus noverticus (Wistar strain). Methods: A total of 100 male and female rats were divided into five groups. Groups I, II, III, and IV were orally administered with ethanol extracts of 68, 136, 272, and 554 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively. Meanwhile, Group V used as a control was no treatment with the extract. A toxic symptom has been observed by analyzing several parameters, namely BW, hematologic and biochemical properties, macroscopic organs, and relative organ weight.Results: In general, the results show that there is no any toxic symptom and statistically insignificant differences in these parameters between treated and control groups. Conclusion: We conclude that the ethanol extract of Tunjuk Langit rhizome does not have effects of subchronic toxicity.Keywords: Tunjuk langit rhizome, Ethanol extract, Subchronic toxicity.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF PERIODIC DISSIMILARITY OF PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIDIARRHEAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PSIDIUM GUAJAVA LINN (MYRTACEAE) LEAVES USING WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Uttam Borah ◽  
Biswajit Dash ◽  
Jashabir Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Phytochemical Variation ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Different Doses

  Objective: The current investigation was achieved to treasure out the modification of antidiarrheal activity of ethanoic leaves extract of Psidium guajava Linn. with respect to change of season, namely, autumn and spring.Methods: The castor oil induced diarrhea method is employed for assessment of periodic dissimilarity of antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic extract of P. guajava Linn. (Myrtaceae) leaves. Phytochemical variation is resolute as per typical procedure using various reagents.Results: Phytochemical scrutiny discloses that small fluctuation of phytoconstituent content was observed. The extract was initially assayed for its possessions in castor oil-induced diarrhea at different doses (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg, p.o.). There was statistically noteworthy lessening (p<0.05) in the number of wet feces by 78.33% during spring season and 78.26% during autumn season at 600 mg/kg body weight, and when compared to negative control rats, which might be due to change in climate or due to alteration in plant biosynthesis pathway in different season.Conclusion: The outcomes deliver the suggestion for variation in phytochemical contents as well as amendment in antidiarrheal activity of ethanoic extract of P. guajava leaves during autumn and spring.

scholarly journals Subchronic Toxicity Evaluation of Ethanol Extract of Picria fel-terrae Lour. Leaf in Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Urip Harahap ◽  
Yuandani ◽  
Marianne ◽  
Hafiza Agustya ◽  
Dira Azizah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Relative Organ Weight ◽  
Histopathology Examination

Picria fel-terrae extract has been investigated for its hepatoprotective activity. This current study was conducted to evaluate the subchronic toxic effect of Picria fel-terrae Lour. leaf extract. The subchronic toxicity of ethanol extract of P. fel-terrae leaf was evaluated by OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) guidelines. The extract at doses of 125, 250, 500, 1000 mg/kg body weight (BW) were orally administered to the test animals for 90 days. Signs of toxicity and mortality were observed for 90 days and 118 days. The biochemistry, hematology, macropathology, relative organ weight and histopathology examination was also performed. The macroscopic and microscopic examinations of liver, lung, kidney, spleen and heart displayed normal color and texture after treatment, with ethanol extract P. fel-terrae leaf at doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg BW. The signs of toxicity, mortality, macroscopic and microscopic changes, as well as increasing biochemistry parameters were observed after treatment, with extract at the dose of 500 and 1000 mg/kg BW. However, the abnormal value of biochemistry parameters was returned to normal when the treatment was stopped. There was no effect on hematological parameters at all doses of extract. The ethanol extract P. fel-terrae leaf is untoxic for long-term use at dose 125 and 250 mg/kg BW. The toxic effect of P. fel-terrae at 500 and 1000 mg/kg BW was reversible.

scholarly journals Subchronic Toxicity of Green Algae (Spyrogyra sp.) Ethanolic Extract on Hematologic Parameters

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Nina Salamah ◽  
Wahyu Widyaningsih ◽  
Hari Susanti ◽  
Anggita Devi ◽  
Anita Wening Sejati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Hematology Parameters

<p>Green Algae, an organism with active substance such as phytomelatonin, has potential to be developed as Indonesian traditional medicine. As the long term addition of Green Algae ethanol extract (<em>Ekstrak etanol ganggang hijau</em>, EEGH) influences the hematology system, in this paper, the safety test was done to ensure the safety of its use through subchronic toxicity test of EEGH on the hematology parameters of Wistar rats. The test group consisted of three groups treated with EEGH 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg, while the control group was given by 0.5% CMC-Na, with 8 rats each respectively. By using blood samples taken from orbital sinus on the 29<sup>th</sup> day, common hematologic parameters (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and hemoglobin level), the parameters of hemostasis (platelets, pT, aPTT, BT) and immune parameters (Differential Leukocytes Counts include neutrophils segment, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils) were finally observed and showed that the 28 days-addition of EEGH increase the hematological parameters of Wistar rats.</p>

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF PERIODIC DISSIMILARITY OF PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIDIARRHEAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PSIDIUM GUAJAVA LINN (MYRTACEAE) LEAVES USING WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Uttam Borah ◽  
Biswajit Dash ◽  
Jashabir Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Phytochemical Variation ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Different Doses

  Objective: The current investigation was achieved to treasure out the modification of antidiarrheal activity of ethanoic leaves extract of Psidium guajava Linn. with respect to change of season, namely, autumn and spring.Methods: The castor oil induced diarrhea method is employed for assessment of periodic dissimilarity of antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic extract of P. guajava Linn. (Myrtaceae) leaves. Phytochemical variation is resolute as per typical procedure using various reagents.Results: Phytochemical scrutiny discloses that small fluctuation of phytoconstituent content was observed. The extract was initially assayed for its possessions in castor oil-induced diarrhea at different doses (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg, p.o.). There was statistically noteworthy lessening (p<0.05) in the number of wet feces by 78.33% during spring season and 78.26% during autumn season at 600 mg/kg body weight, and when compared to negative control rats, which might be due to change in climate or due to alteration in plant biosynthesis pathway in different season.Conclusion: The outcomes deliver the suggestion for variation in phytochemical contents as well as amendment in antidiarrheal activity of ethanoic extract of P. guajava leaves during autumn and spring.

scholarly journals Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic extract of Cordia sebestena L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
H. Sunaryo ◽  
S. Siska ◽  
E. Hanani ◽  
RS. Anindita ◽  
N. Yanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Abstract Trees and shrubs of the genus Cordia are widely distributed in the warmer regions, including Indonesia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the ethanolic extract of plant leaves in Wistar albino rats. The analgesic activity was evaluated using the hot plate method and acetic acid-induced writhing, and the anti-inflammatory activity was determined using carrageenan-induced paw oedema. The results showed that the Cordia sebestena ethanol extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) exhibited significant analgesic effects in a dose-dependent manner in the two pain models tested. The extract also exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effects in the carrageenan-induced inflammation test. The data obtained support the traditional folklore therapeutic claim about its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Nonetheless, further scientific investigation is required to establish its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties in other experimental models and clinical settings.

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