Do Low-Openness, Low-Transparency Procedures in Academic Hiring Disadvantage Women?

Research has shown that low openness and low transparency in the process of recruitment of new (associate) professors put women at a systematic disadvantage. Examples include professorships awarded by direct invitation (as opposed to job calls); contexts where nominally open job calls routinely get only one applicant; and procedural rules that allow the filtering out of qualified applicants without sharing the grounds of the decision with the candidates. We investigated one decade (2007–2017) of hiring of new (associate) professors in one Faculty at the largest university in Norway, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (n = 79). The Faculty is a highly gender-equal setting, in that the share of women among associate professors has been >40% for over a decade. We found (1) a high share (about 40%) of women among applicants, maintained among winners; (2) a very sporadic use of direct invitations (two in a decade) and no sign that their use advantages men; (3) no nominally ‘open’ job calls with only one applicant; (4) no disadvantage for women when the pool of applicants is small; (5) no systematic filtering out of women when low-transparency internal formal preselection procedures are used because of organizational contingencies (e.g., a high number of applicants). We found an overall high degree of openness in the selection procedure when compared to other Scandinavian and Western European studies. Contrary to our expectations (based on the relevant literature), we found no link between low openness in the selection process and gender inequality in the outcome. The latter finding must be interpreted in context. We conclude that the overall good gender balance locally is an antidote to the potential biasing effect of low-openness and low-transparency procedures, so long as such procedures are used only exceptionally, and their use is clearly tied with organizational contingencies. At the same time, we found no indication that low-openness and low-transparency procedures systematically advantage women.

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Executive Selection Process and Job Satisfaction: The Case of the Independent Authority for Public Revenue (IAPR) in Greece

Administrative Sciences ◽

10.3390/admsci11030095 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 95

Author(s):

Dimitris Apostolakos ◽

Theodore Metaxas

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Work Experience ◽

Statistical Data ◽

Selection Process ◽

Selection Procedure ◽

Added Value ◽

Degree Of Acceptance ◽

High Degree ◽

The Impact ◽

First Time

This paper assesses the impact that the degree of acceptance of the selection process, as conducted by the human recourses management (HRM), has upon job satisfaction in the local tax offices (LTOs) in Greece. Furthermore, it examines the effects that various individual and demographic characteristics have on job satisfaction. The research was performed using primary statistical data by distributing and collecting specific questionnaires, which not only recorded the level of job satisfaction but also noted the degree of acceptance of the selection procedure in the IAPR. The collected statistical data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 26 Fixpack 1 software program. The results showed an average acceptance value of the selection process of 4.89, indicating a high degree of participant consensus with this process. They also showed that age, work experience, and the acceptance of the selection process have a positive and statistically significant effect, whereas educational level has a negative and statistically significant effect on degree of job satisfaction. The added value of the present paper lies in the fact that this kind of research, conducted in the IAPR in Greece for the very first time, measured both the degree of job satisfaction and the effect that the acceptance of the selection procedure has on this attitude.

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African Americans and the Crisis of Modernity

Explorations in Ethnic Studies ◽

10.1525/esr.2018.411207 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (1-2) ◽

pp. 53-60

Author(s):

Eric S. King

Keyword(s):

African Americans ◽

Gender Inequality ◽

Black People ◽

Black Family ◽

The Sun ◽

Economic Problems ◽

And Gender ◽

Crisis Of Modernity

This article examines Lorraine Hansberry’s play A Raisin in the Sun by exploring the conflict between a traditionally Southern, Afro-Christian, communitarian worldview and certain more destabilizing elements of the worldview of modernity. In addition to examining the socio-economic problems confronted by some African Americans in the play, this article investigates the worldviews by which these Black people frame their problems as well as the dynamics within the relationships of a Black family that lives at the intersection of racial, class, and gender inequality in Chicago during the latter 1950s.

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Scheduled Castes: Social And Gender Inequality

Indian Journal Of Applied Research ◽

10.15373/2249555x/feb2013/124 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 361-362

Author(s):

M.S. Shinde M.S. Shinde ◽

Keyword(s):

Gender Inequality ◽

Scheduled Castes ◽

And Gender

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Self-Esteem and Loneliness as Predicting Factors of Arab Children Achievement İn Kuala Lumpur

European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research ◽

10.26417/ejser.v5i1.p199-206 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 199 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Asma'a Abdel Fattah Alhoot ◽

Ssekamanya Sıraje Abdallah

Keyword(s):

Academic Achievement ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Arab Children ◽

Predicting Factors ◽

Two Factors ◽

Arab Schools ◽

And Gender ◽

The Impact

Taking into consideration the fact that self-esteem and loneliness have an even more important role to play in students' learning, this study seeks to examine the correlation of these two factors with children academic performance. The study involved 499 (grade 4 to grade 9) Arab children studying at Arab schools in Kuala Lumpur-Malaysia. Data were collected via two questionnaires (one for loneliness and the other for self-esteem). The correlational data analysis yielded a negative correlation between loneliness and academic achievement while there is a positive correlation between self-esteem and achievement. Results also suggested that there is no correlation between students' gender, age, and academic achievement. Furthermore, the results revealed that self-esteem is a good predictor of achievement while loneliness and gender are not good predictors. The findings of the present study are discussed in relation to the relevant literature, taking into consideration the impact of children mental health on their academic achievement. Finally, recommendations for further research are presented.

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Women as Children: Culture, Political Economy, and Gender Inequality among Kisongo Maasai

Nomadic Peoples ◽

10.3167/082279499782409451 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 115-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dorothy L. Hodgson

Keyword(s):

Political Economy ◽

Gender Inequality ◽

And Gender

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An Introduction to Gender and Representation in Latin America

10.1093/oso/9780190851224.003.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Leslie A. Schwindt-Bayer

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

Gender Inequality ◽

Political Representation ◽

Latin American Politics ◽

Gender And Politics ◽

Women's Representation ◽

Political Crises ◽

Women’S Representation ◽

And Gender

In this introductory chapter of Gender and Representation in Latin America, Leslie A. Schwindt-Bayer argues that gender inequality in political representation in Latin America is rooted in institutions and the democratic challenges and political crises facing Latin American countries. She situates the book in two important literatures—one on Latin American politics and democratic institutions, the other on gender and politics—and then explains how the book will explore the ways that institutions and democratic challenges and political crises moderate women’s representation and gender inequality. She introduces the book’s framework of analyzing the causes and consequences of women’s representation, overviews the organization of the volume, and summarizes the main arguments of the chapters.

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Islam, Gender, and Democracy in Comparative Perspective

10.1093/oso/9780198788553.001.0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Comparative Literature ◽

Gender Equality ◽

Gender Inequality ◽

Women's Rights ◽

Women’S Rights ◽

Muslim Countries ◽

And Gender ◽

Shed Light

This volume reframes the debate around Islam and women’s rights within a broader comparative literature. It examines the complex and contingent historical relationships between religion, secularism, democracy, law, and gender equality. Part I addresses the nexus of religion, law, gender, and democracy through different disciplinary perspectives (sociology, anthropology, political science, law). Part II localizes the implementation of this nexus between law, gender, and democracy, and provides contextualized responses to questions raised in Part I. The contributors explore the situation of Muslim women’s rights vis-à-vis human rights to shed light on gender politics in the modernization of the nation and to ponder over the role of Islam in gender inequality across different Muslim countries.

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Agriculture, Diversification, and Gender in Rural Africa: What Lessons Can We Learn?

10.1093/oso/9780198799283.003.0011 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Agnes Andersson Djurfeldt ◽

Fred Mawunyo Dzanku ◽

Aida Cuthbert Isinika

Keyword(s):

Gender Gap ◽

Cash Income ◽

Crop Diversification ◽

Grain Production ◽

The Past ◽

Development Agenda ◽

Yield Gaps ◽

Rural Africa ◽

And Gender ◽

High Share

Smallholder-friendly messages, albeit not always translated into action, returned strongly to the development agenda over a decade ago. Smallholders’ livelihoods encompass social and economic realities outside agriculture, however, providing opportunities as well as challenges for the smallholder model. While smallholders continue to straddle the farm and non-farm sectors, the notion of leaving agriculture altogether appears hyperbolic, given the persistently high share of income generated from agriculture noted in the Afrint dataset. Trends over the past fifteen years can be broadly described as increasing dynamism accompanied by rising polarization. Positive trends include increased farm sizes, rising grain production, crop diversification, and increased commercialization, while negative trends include stagnation of yields, persistent yield gaps, gendered landholding inequalities, gendered agricultural asset inequalities, growing gendered commercialization inequalities, and an emerging gender gap in cash income. Regional nuances in trends reinforce the need for spatial contextualization of linkages between the farm and non-farm sectors.

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Epilogue: Revealing Garments

10.1093/oso/9780198826309.003.0007 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Lilah Grace Canevaro

Keyword(s):

Turning Point ◽

Female Voice ◽

William Morris ◽

Gender Balance ◽

Samuel Butler ◽

Recent Scholarship ◽

And Gender

The Epilogue considers the semantic and poetological connections between words and weaving, and offers a broader perspective that brings in Tennyson, Waterhouse, and William Morris. Through Aristophanes and Plato it reflects on the cultural, social, and generic expectations of weaving and gender. Female voice is considered, in response to Samuel Butler but also in light of recent scholarship, translation, and literature that has changed the gender balance of Homeric studies. The Epilogue situates this book at a turning point, and reiterates its place in the discourse. Again through Morris, it returns to the all-important issue of representation, offering a final reflection on the particular status of objects in poetry.

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