scholarly journals Parametric Assessment of Pre-Monsoon Agricultural Water Scarcity in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaiya Ahammed ◽  
Eun-Sung Chung ◽  
Shamsuddin Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Surface Water Salinity ◽  
Southwest Region ◽  
Water Scarce ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
Agricultural Water Scarcity

This study assesses the geographical distribution of agricultural water scarcity in Bangladesh in order to streamline the adaptation measures. The agricultural water scarcity was assumed to be a system with five subsystems, namely, groundwater depth, surface water availability, rainfall availability, groundwater salinity for irrigation, and surface water salinity for irrigation. The catastrophe-theory-based multi-criteria decision making approach was used for the estimation of agricultural water scarcity index from five subsystem indices. The obtained results showed that agriculture in about 6.3% of the area of the country is experiencing very high-risk water scarcity, 19.1% with high water scarcity, 37.2% with moderate water risk, and the rest is low or no risk of water scarcity for agriculture. Results showed that the western part of Bangladesh was more vulnerable to agricultural water scarcity. The analysis of the results showed that higher agriculture water scarcity in the northwest region resulted from water unavailability, and in the southwest region it was closely related to poor water quality. The severe areas of water scarcity are very similar to those that are usually regarded as water-scarce. The approach presented in this study can be used for rapid but fair assessment of water scarcity with readily available data, which can be further improved by incorporating other factors related to water scarcity.

Sustainable use of water resources in agriculture in Beijing: problems and countermeasures

Water Policy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Hongrui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Sewage Irrigation ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Water Policies ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Production Value ◽  
Water Scarce

Beijing, the capital of China, is one of the most water-scarce metropolises in the world. The present water policies are leading to serious water scarcity in agriculture. The proportion of agricultural water to total water has been dropping continuously in Beijing in past years. The influence of water scarcity on grain yield and planting production value has been analyzed in this paper. The problems of ecological environment and rural social problems that arise from water scarcity are also discussed in the paper. Based on the above analysis, the paper gives some suggestions for alleviating the tension, such as developing water-saving agriculture, adjusting planting structure and properly developing sewage irrigation.

scholarly journals Water scarcity will constrain the formation of a world-class megalopolis in North China

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoying Zhang ◽  
Minjun Shi ◽  
Kevin Z. Chen ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Shouyang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Use ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
World Class ◽  
Water Scarce ◽  
Bth Region

AbstractThe formation of world-class megalopolises has been a goal of urban development agencies around the world owing to their economic advantages. On their bids of becoming a world-class megalopolis, water availability is a factor that requires consideration. China has set an ambitious goal of developing a world-class megalopolis in the water-scarce Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region. This study investigates the water challenge the BTH region faces and the effects of main water conservation measures in the region towards the goal. An inter-city input–output model was constructed for identifying the water gap in the region and analyzing the effectiveness of main water conservation measures under various scenarios. The results indicate a significant gap between the water required to achieve the goal of becoming a world-class megalopolis and the region’s available water resources. Although proposed water conservation measures of improving water use efficiency and reducing agricultural water use provide a modest improvement, the amount of water required for urban development still exceeds the availability. The study emphasizes the significance of agricultural water use reduction in Hebei through crop system replacement from water-intensive winter wheat to water-saving crops. The study also proposes an alternative option of adjusting the development plan through redefining the boundary of the BTH megalopolis by excluding part of cities in Hebei. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the effect of water scarcity on urban development and thus provide references for other water-scarce regions with ambitious urban development goals.

scholarly journals Estimation of Damage Factors on Undernourishment Caused by Agricultural Water Scarcity

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaharu MOTOSHITA ◽  
Norihiro ITSUBO ◽  
Atsushi INABA
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Scarcity

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SURFACE WATER SALINITY, NUTRIENTS, CHLOROPHYLL A AND ALGAE ON SAPELO ISLAND

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Steele ◽  
◽  
Marissa Louise Mayfield ◽  
Morgan Rasmussen ◽  
Samuel Mutiti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Sapelo Island ◽  
Surface Water Salinity

Stable isotopes in planktonic and benthic foraminifera from Arctic Ocean surface sediments

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 701-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Aksu ◽  
G. Vilks
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Isotopic Compositions ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
Surface Water Salinity

Oxygen and carbon isotopic analyses have been performed on the tests of Planulina wuellerstorfi and three size fractions of sinistral Neogloboquadrina pachyderma recovered from 33 Arctic Ocean surface-sediment samples. Stable isotopic compositions of N. pachyderma are found to be dependent on the test size: larger specimens show considerable enrichment in both δ18O and δ18C. The difference between the isotopic compositions of the 63–125 and 125–250 μm size fractions in N. pachyderma can be explained by biogenic fractionation effects during foraminiferal test growth. Larger (250–500 μm) N. pachyderma displayed accretions of secondary calcite, i.e., the outermost shell contained significant amounts of inorganically precipitated magnesium calcite. Thus, larger foraminifera may not be suited for down-core stable isotopic studies. There is a difference of ~2‰ between δ18O values of surface samples from the eastern and western Arctic Ocean, reflecting large differences between surface-water salinity in these regions. Therefore, oxygen isotopic data may have limited use as a chronostratigraphic tool in down-core studies in the Arctic Ocean, but we can use them to infer past variations in surface-water salinities. Planulina wuellerstorfi also showed depletions of both δ18O and δ18C in its calcite tests relative to calcite precipitated in isotopic equilibrium with ambient sea water; these depletions ranged from −0.8 to −0.9‰ in δ18Oand −1.2 to −0.9‰ in δ18C. This taxon is found to deposit its shell very close to the δ18C of ΣCO2 of bottom waters.

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