scholarly journals Evaluating Forest Protection Strategies: A Comparison of Land-Use Systems to Preventing Forest Loss in Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Rosa ◽  
Dennis Rentsch ◽  
J. Hopcraft
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Ecosystem Degradation ◽  
Forest Cover Loss

Understanding the effects of forest management strategies is especially important to avoid unregulated natural resource extraction that leads to ecosystem degradation. In addition to the loss of crucial forest services, inefficiencies at converting these natural resources into economic gain for people ultimately exacerbates poverty. Therefore, it is important to know which conservation strategies have proven to be effective in preventing ecosystem degradation and thus be encouraged in future management plans. Here, we used a high-resolution remotely sensed dataset spanning 15 years to study forest cover dynamics across various protected areas in Tanzania. Our findings highlight particular management approaches more effective in preventing forest cover loss and promote forest cover gain, and provide valuable information for conservation efforts. Results show that National Parks have the least forest cover loss, whereas multiple-use Game Controlled Areas have the highest rates of forest loss. In fact, results suggest that these multiple use areas tend to lose more forest cover than areas with no protection or management status at all. These findings suggest the need for more effective strategies for enforcing the existing policies to ensure that socio-economic benefits to local communities are maximized and national interests are sustained.

MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND STAKEHOLDER ISSUES FOR OFFSHORE EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES IN THE OTWAY BASIN

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
J.G. Colman ◽  
A. Grubisa ◽  
R.S. Millhouse
Keyword(s):  
Joint Venture ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Seismic Acquisition ◽  
Drilling Operations

Woodside has been managing seismic acquisition and drilling operations as part of a gas exploration program in the offshore Otway Basin in southwest Victoria since July 1999. There are a number of sensitive and complex environmental and multiple-use issues facing companies undertaking exploration activities in these waters, including a seasonal aggregation of feeding blue whales, winter calving and breeding habitat for southern right whales and a productive rock lobster fishery. Recent changes to the legislative regime for environmental approvals of petroleum activities in Commonwealth waters has introduced further complications for operators in this area. Consequently, a key aspect of this exploration program has been the pro-active management of environmental and stakeholder issues.A comprehensive management strategy addressing these issues was developed for seismic acquisition and drilling operations, with the key objectives of ensuring regulatory compliance and facilitating a process where all stakeholders were fully informed about proposed activities. This process focussed on informing stakeholders of the potential impacts of seismic acquisition and drilling, and how Woodside intended to manage those impacts. This approach was driven by a desire for continuous improvement of performance, over and above compliance with all regulatory requirements. It also recognises the legitimacy of stakeholder risk through social, environmental and political values, and has had environmental and economic benefits for the project.Environmental benefits included early identification and assessment of potential environmental impacts resulting from the different phases of exploration, development of management strategies to control and mitigate these potential impacts, and improved environmental awareness across the project team, joint venture partners and external stakeholders. Prevention of delay or denial of regulatory approvals for exploration activities had significant economic benefits to Woodside and the joint venture partners. The development and implementation of a stakeholder involvement process, involving explorers, external affairs and environmental advisers, was an innovative approach that has application across other Woodside activities and the industry generally, particularly for projects in locations with a high level of environmental sensitivity, multiple-use and stakeholder concern.

scholarly journals Potential and management strategy of floral biodiversity in the coastal areas in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1130-1137
Author(s):  
RUJEHAN RUJEHAN ◽  
PAULUS MATIUS
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Funding Opportunities

Rujehan, Matius P. 2018. Potential and management strategy of floral biodiversity in the coastal areas in East Kalimantan,Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1130-1137. Some issues such as land clearing and mining activities often arise in the coastal areas of BukitSoeharto Forest Park, East Kalimantan, Indonesia that serves as a water catchment area. The latest land cover in this area was dominatedby bush or shrub and forest cover was reduced. This research was conducted in Tanah Merah Coast and around Samboja Reservoir inthe coastal area of Bukit Soeharto Forest. The purposes of this study were to determine the potential diversity of flora in the two regionsand to develop management strategies in order to maintain or even to improve the diversity of flora. The method used in this researchwas a survey using vegetation analysis and SWOT analysis. The results showed that the species of saplings and trees dominating theforest area of Tanah Merah Coast was Nauclea orientalis, while Cratoxylum arborescens was the most prominent species of seedlings.On the other side, the forest around Samboja Reservoir was dominated by Campnosperma auriculata for trees or adult communities,Ficus retusa for saplings and Dyera costulata for seedlings. Both species diversity (H') and evenness index (E) of these areas werecategorized as medium. Management strategies needed to maintain and improve the diversity and evenness of existed flora consist of S-Ostrategy that aims to improve the ecological functions of the area that can provide economic benefits, S-T strategy proposes cooperationwith local communities to develop alternative economic activities, W-O strategy utilize the funding opportunities from donor agenciesfor forest management and W-T strategy includes efforts to improve human resources through training in collaboration with donor agencies.

scholarly journals Using the Landsat data archive to assess long-term regional forest dynamics assessment in Eastern Europe, 1985-2012

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-7/W3 ◽  
pp. 531-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Turubanova ◽  
P. Potapov ◽  
A. Krylov ◽  
A. Tyukavina ◽  
J. L. McCarty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Forest Dynamics ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Data Archive ◽  
Landsat Data ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Forest Cover Loss

Dramatic political and economic changes in Eastern European countries following the dissolution of the “Eastern Bloc” and the collapse of the Soviet Union greatly affected land-cover and land-use trends. In particular, changes in forest cover dynamics may be attributed to the collapse of the planned economy, agricultural land abandonment, economy liberalization, and market conditions. However, changes in forest cover are hard to quantify given inconsistent forest statistics collected by different countries over the last 30 years. The objective of our research was to consistently quantify forest cover change across Eastern Europe from 1985 until 2012 using the complete Landsat data archive. We developed an algorithm for processing imagery from different Landsat platforms and sensors (TM and ETM+), aggregating these images into a common set of multi-temporal metrics, and mapping annual gross forest cover loss and decadal gross forest cover gain. Our results show that forest cover area increased from 1985 to 2012 by 4.7% across the region. Average annual gross forest cover loss was 0.41% of total forest cover area, with a statistically significant increase from 1985 to 2012. Most forest disturbance recovered fast, with only 12% of the areas of forest loss prior to 1995 not being recovered by 2012. Timber harvesting was the main cause of forest loss. Logging area declined after the collapse of socialism in the late 1980s, increased in the early 2000s, and decreased in most countries after 2007 due to the global economic crisis. By 2012, Central and Baltic Eastern European countries showed higher logging rates compared to their Western neighbours. Comparing our results with official forest cover and change estimates showed agreement in total forest area for year 2010, but with substantial disagreement between Landsat-based and official net forest cover area change. Landsat-based logging areas exhibit strong relationship with reported roundwood production at national scale. Our results allow national and sub-national level analysis of forest cover extent, change, and logging intensity and are available on-line as a baseline for further analyses of forest dynamics and its drivers.

scholarly journals Parc National Du Banco, Un Patrimoine Entre Destruction Et Conservation : Realite Et Enjeux D’une Gestion Durable

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Akoue Yao Claude ◽  
Adaman Sinan ◽  
Zon Dehenouin Alphonse
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
National Park ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Political Concern ◽  
The Town

Forest protection and conservation in Ivory Coast and its ressources were always been in political concern. That is why since its independance, Ivory Coast created an important network of protected areas in order to preserve its forest cover and its biodiversity. In spite of these efforts of forest conceptualization, the situation remains in crisis. Indeed the share of the National parks and Reserves undergo deep changes related to the anthropic pressures. Created in 1953 and located in the heart of the economic capital of the Ivory Coast, the National Park value does not escape such a situation. Indeed, the activities undertaken by populations living around this park and the fast urbanisation of the town of Abidjan represent an obstacle to the survival of the park. To suppress this situation, political measurements are installed for better managment of this park. This study aims to analyze the threats related to urban pressure on this park.

scholarly journals CAN GOVERNMENT SPENDING CONTROL DEFORESTATION IN PROTECTED AREAS?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-107
Author(s):  
resi diniyanti ◽  
alin halimatussadiah
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Method Of Moment ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Deforestation Rate ◽  
The Government

One of the main objectives of the establishment of a conservation area is to preserve the ecosystem and biodiversity. Even in many countries around the world, including Indonesia, the establishment of conservation areas has become the government's alternative strategy for protecting and maintaining biodiversity resources. The government allocates budget for conservation areas, but in some locations degradation and deforestation still persist. It is therefore important to evaluate the commitment of the government to the protection of biodiversity, one of which is the rate of deforestation. This study aims to examine whether government spending has impact to control deforestation in conservation areas in Indonesia. Utilizing a dynamic panel model with a Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) estimation, this study uses the forest cover data in 43 national parks that lies in 114 districts/cities during 2013-2017. The results show that the government spending for forest protection activities and forest ranger has an effect on controlling the deforestation rate in conservation area. However, there is no evidence showing correlation between the spending for community empowerment to deforestation control. This indicates that the government should consider budget allocation to make deforestation control more effective.

scholarly journals Drivers of Bornean Orangutan Distribution across a Multiple-Use Tropical Landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Sol Milne ◽  
Julien G. A. Martin ◽  
Glen Reynolds ◽  
Charles S. Vairappan ◽  
Eleanor M. Slade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Bornean Orangutan ◽  
Aerial Surveys ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fig Trees ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

Logging and conversion of tropical forests in Southeast Asia have resulted in the expansion of landscapes containing a mosaic of habitats that may vary in their ability to sustain local biodiversity. However, the complexity of these landscapes makes it difficult to assess abundance and distribution of some species using ground-based surveys alone. Here, we deployed a combination of ground-transects and aerial surveys to determine drivers of the critically endangered Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus morio) distribution across a large multiple-use landscape in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Ground-transects and aerial surveys using drones were conducted for orangutan nests and hemi-epiphytic strangler fig trees (Ficus spp.) (an important food resource) in 48 survey areas across 76 km2, within a study landscape of 261 km2. Orangutan nest count data were fitted to models accounting for variation in land use, above-ground carbon density (ACD, a surrogate for forest quality), strangler fig density, and elevation (between 117 and 675 m). Orangutan nest counts were significantly higher in all land uses possessing natural forest cover, regardless of degradation status, than in monoculture plantations. Within these natural forests, nest counts increased with higher ACD and strangler fig density, but not with elevation. In logged forest (ACD 14–150 Mg ha−1), strangler fig density had a significant, positive relationship with orangutan nest counts, but this relationship disappeared in a forest with higher carbon content (ACD 150–209 Mg ha−1). Based on an area-to-area comparison, orangutan nest counts from ground transects were higher than from counts derived from aerial surveys, but this did not constitute a statistically significant difference. Although the difference in nest counts was not significantly different, this analysis indicates that both methods under-sample the total number of nests present within a given area. Aerial surveys are, therefore, a useful method for assessing the orangutan habitat use over large areas. However, the under-estimation of nest counts by both methods suggests that a small number of ground surveys should be retained in future surveys using this technique, particularly in areas with dense understory vegetation. This study shows that even highly degraded forests may be a suitable orangutan habitat as long as strangler fig trees remain intact after areas of forest are logged. Enrichment planting of strangler figs may, therefore, be a valuable tool for orangutan conservation in these landscapes.

scholarly journals Haiti’s biodiversity threatened by nearly complete loss of primary forest

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (46) ◽  
pp. 11850-11855 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Blair Hedges ◽  
Warren B. Cohen ◽  
Joel Timyan ◽  
Zhiqiang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Mass Extinction ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Secondary Growth ◽  
Complete Loss ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Primary Forests ◽  
Agricultural Organization

Tropical forests hold most of Earth’s biodiversity. Their continued loss through deforestation and agriculture is the main threat to species globally, more than disease, invasive species, and climate change. However, not all tropical forests have the same ability to sustain biodiversity. Those that have been disturbed by humans, including forests previously cleared and regrown (secondary growth), have lower levels of species richness compared with undisturbed (primary) forests. The difference is even greater considering extinctions that will later emanate from the disturbance (extinction debt). Here, we find that Haiti has less than 1% of its original primary forest and is therefore among the most deforested countries. Primary forest has declined over three decades inside national parks, and 42 of the 50 highest and largest mountains have lost all primary forest. Our surveys of vertebrate diversity (especially amphibians and reptiles) on mountaintops indicates that endemic species have been lost along with the loss of forest. At the current rate, Haiti will lose essentially all of its primary forest during the next two decades and is already undergoing a mass extinction of its biodiversity because of deforestation. These findings point to the need, in general, for better reporting of forest cover data of relevance to biodiversity, instead of “total forest” as defined by the United Nation’s Food and Agricultural Organization. Expanded detection and monitoring of primary forest globally will improve the efficiency of conservation measures, inside and outside of protected areas.

scholarly journals Causes for Deforestation in Indonesia: Corruption and Palm Tree Plantation

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (27) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Osama Eldeeb ◽  
Petr Prochazka ◽  
Mansoor Maitah
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Tree Plantation ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Corruption Perception ◽  
Forest Cover Loss

<p>Indonesian biodiversity is threatened by massive deforestation. In this research paper, claims that deforestation in Indonesia is caused by corruption and supported by crude palm oil production is verified using time series analysis. Using Engel Granger cointegration test, three time series of data, specifically corruption perception index, rate of deforestation and price of crude palm oil are inspected for a long-run relationship. Test statistics suggests that there is no long-run relationship among these variables. Authors provide several explanations for this result. For example, corruption in Indonesia, as measured by CPI is still very high. This may mean that forest cover loss is possible even though there is a positive change in corruption level. According to the results, crude palm oil price has also no effect upon forest cover loss. This is likely due to very low shut-down price of crude palm oil for which production is still economical.</p>

scholarly journals Mountain wood-pastures and forest cover loss in Romania

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Magdalena Drăgan ◽  
Gabriela-Alina Mureşan ◽  
József Benedek
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Cover Loss
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