IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENGGUNAAN DRONE PADA KEMENTERIAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DAN KEHUTANAN

There is a lot of literature related to the use of drones, including evidence in the Rawa Tripa-Aceh court, but the implementation of this policy needs to be explored specifically at the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. This study aims to examine this. Data were collected through literature studies, interviews, and observations to be analyzed using a policy implementation framework (Grindle, 1980). The findings of the policy content are: the drone policy has positive benefits for validity and legality, as well as authority, but flying permits have the potential to be negative. The degree of change is quite good even though the registration of drones and drone pilots has not been carried out. In the implementation environment, it was found that the central level was quite responsive even though the work unit had not. Competency improvement has been carried out although it is limited to drone pilots. The drone pilot training materials have not met the certification requirements. Research recommendations are: need coordination in drone operation, need guidelines for using drones, need drone registration and drone pilot certification, need competency development designs for drone users and need additional aeronautical knowledge on drone pilot competency development

PENGGUNAAN KONSEP RULES-IN-USE OSTROM DALAM ANALISIS PERATURAN PEMANFAATAN AIR DI KAWASAN KONSERVASI: STUDI KASUS TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG GEDE PANGRANGO

This study aims to analyze the substantial weaknesses of water utilization regulations in wildlife reserves, national parks, forest parks, nature tourism parks, and their effects on individual or organizational decision-making and actions. The research location is in the area of Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango (TNGGP). The analysis of this research is limited to Environment and Forestry Ministerial Regulations No. P.18/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/4/2019, Law No. 17 of 2019, and Environment and Forestry Ministerial Regulations No. P.6/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/1/2020. Regulatory analysis is carried out by identifying the characteristics of content of the regulations and comparing them with the conditions of water utilization in TNGGP to find out the implications of regulations on participant behavior and performance. Issues and problems are collected through interviews with participants. Furthermore, the regulations are analyzed using Ostrom's rules-in-use concept. The findin , based on the concept is that there is a discrepancy in the three regulations that all regulate water utilization permits in the conservation areas. This is mainly due to weak institutional strengthening among decision makers as well as laws and regulations made according to the interpretation of the government which often do not consider the conditions of the community.

ARAH PENGEMBANGAN BAMBU DI KABUPATEN NGADA: TINJAUAN LITERATUR

The approach of sustainable natural resource processing is increasing with the awarening development of global communities and the keys to socio-economic improvement. Bamboo is the types of plants that can be used to fulfill the resource needs and as another alternative to improving the economy engagement in rural creative industries. Bamboo is a well-known plant, especially for rural communities. Ngada is a center development of bamboo in Indonesia, it is because of the abundant potential of bamboo. The utilization of bamboo for the society in Ngada has become as a part of life and has been inherited by their ancestors and can be a focus for economic community development and as promising source of income. The use of bamboo by the society of Ngada in general as a source of household needs so that is an indicator that bamboo is worth more than just a plant. There are further utilization of bamboo that can be divided into: 1) The utilization of upstream subsystem; 2) The utilization of on farm subsystem; 3) The utilization of downstream subsystem, with many utilization areas of bamboo, allows this to be first stage to determining the policy in Ngada that focused on developing of bamboo.

STATUS KEBERLANJUTAN PENGELOLAAN EKOSISTEM MANGROVE DI KECAMATAN TARUMAJAYA, KABUPATEN BEKASI

Mangrove ecosystems provide various useful types of products and services to support the life needs of coastal communities. In the management of sustainable mangrove ecosystems, it is necessary to integrate activities in the ecological, economic, and social dimensions as it is known in the concept of sustainable development. This study aims to measure the sustainability status of mangrove ecosystem management in Tarumajaya District, Bekasi Regency. Data analysis is applying RAPFISH with the multidimensional scaling (MDS) method. The results show that the sustainability status of mangrove ecosystem management in Tarumajaya District, Bekasi Regency, obtains a multidimensional index value of 45.79% with less sustainable status, index value; and the sustainability status in each dimension, is 21.72% for the ecological dimension (unsustainable), 49.15% for economic dimension (less sustainable), 40.68 % for social dimension (less sustainable), and 63.68% for institutional dimension (quite sustainable). The influencing factors for the sustainability of mangrove ecosystem management consist of 16 indicators from the 4 dimensions tested. The results of statistical parameter validation and the results of the Monte Carlo test show that all of the dimension indicators analyzed in the management of sustainability of mangrove ecosystems have a significant role in explaining the diversity of mangrove ecosystems dimensional index value and have a high level of confidence.

PERAN KESATUAN PENGELOLAAN HUTAN (KPH) DALAM IMPLEMENTASI PERHUTANAN SOSIAL (Studi di KPH Produksi Kerinci, Provinsi Jambi dan KPH Lindung Sijunjung, Provinsi Sumatera Barat)

Forest Management Unit (FMU)’s one of the site-level agencies that has information on forest biophysical condition and community socio-culture, so it has a significant role on Social Forestry (SF)’s success. The willingness and role of the FMU in the implementation of the SF program as an organization at the site level needs to be studied, especially from the perspective of the stakeholders involved in the SF. This study examines the role of FMUs to implement Social Forestry (SF) programs through the perspective of the parties involved in SF. This role is measured through the attitudes, orientation and actions shift of FMUs towards SF. The research hypothesis is that FMU’s roles through attitudes, orientations and actions influence the outcomes of social forestry. The study uses a quantitative approach involving 60 respondents with purpossive sampling, data processing and analysis using a scoring method to see the attitudes, orientations and actions shift and success of SF, and Pearson correlation analysis to confirmed the influence of FMU’s roles through attitudes, orientations and actions on SF’s success. The results of the study revealed that the attitudes of Production FMU Kerinci and Protection FMU Sijunjung support SF, while the FMUs' actions are based on site specific priorities. Under these conditions the shifting of FMUs attitudes and actions can explain the success of the SF in social and economy field.

STRATEGI ON RELEASING NON-PRODUCTIVE OF FOREST CONVERSION AREA FOR TORA PROGRAM IN RIAU PROVINCE

Development process needs lands as natural resources. Unfortunately, availability of land is relatively limited. Therefore, it needs releasing process of forestland to become non forestland. In the process of releasing the forestland, there are some policies which need stakeholders to consider so the minimum required forestland of 30% is fulfilled. Releasing forestland area is possible to undertake on non-productive forest conversion area which is also for the government agrarian reform programs which is called Nawacita. The objective of this research is tooffer answer about the indicative forestland which can be used for development needs, particularly for poor people who live near the forest. The results indicate that non-productive of conversion forest can provide land for development in Riau Province for about 205,847.86 hectares (93.01%) from the total conversion forest area based on agrarian reform program. Permanent forested land which needs to be maintained as forest area is 1,102.42 hectares, because most of the area are still primary forests. For the effectiveness of releasing conversion forest area, socialization programs to inform the community is needed.

VILLAGE-OWNED ENTERPRISES (BUMDES) AS A COLLABORATIVE MODEL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Some peatland management cases, particularly in Kalimantan, cause serious environmental problems, especially in flammable land. Local people around the area are the first to receive the impacts. Therefore, peatland management needs to be prudent and requires sustainable environmental management. This study aims to find a model for peatland management carried out by the government and local communities through BUMDes program. According to the interview results and field observations, peatland management with a collaborative model between the government (state) and the local community in Rasau Jaya Village is found in the form of Maju Jaya Village-owned Enterprises (BUMDes). This research includes planning, utilization, management, and supervision of the peatland area. The government provides funds and legality, while the local communities carry out peatland utilization, management, and maintenance through mutual cooperation culture. In this study, peatland functions as a tourist attraction managed by the local community (ecotourism). Real implementation government collaboration with the local community has opened up new livelihoods for communities without undermining peatlands' ecological ecosystem.

CHARACTERISTICS OF PEATLAND FIRES BASED ON VILLAGE AREA AND LAND COVER IN KALIMANTAN

Forest and land fires occur almost every year in Indonesia. They dominantly befall in Sumatra and Kalimantan. Most of the fire incidents in Indonesia are caused by anthropogenic factors. Moreover, practices of land management are indicated to have a strong relationship to the fires. Village-based fire control becomes one of approaches applied by the government. This study is conducted to reveal relational characteristics between village-based land management practices and fire events, principally in peatland areas, with a focused area in Kalimantan. Practices of land management will be analised by the characteristics of existing official land use, while fire events will be identified by the existence and intensity of hotspots. The method applied in this research is spatio-temporal analysis based on fire density analysis. Fire incidents occur from July to November, with the peak point occurrence is in September. Area in unmanaged land has increased the potency of fire events than in forest type and in other managed land cover types. Fires located in peatland also generate potential of fires significantly than in mineral land. Further, land cover and land type aspects together with village fire density can be employed as the priority in implementing policy on village-based fire control.

IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL FORESTRY IN PERUM PERHUTANI KPH TELAWA

Policy on Social Forestry of The Ministry of Environment and Forestry is a translation of agrarian reform and President Joko Widodo's Nawacita. Social Forestry with IPHPS program is a specific model implemented in Perhutani working area by providing legal access for forest villagers to manage and utilize forest areas. This research is conducted at Perhutani KPH Telawa, Boyolali Regency. The aim is to analyze the implementation of IPHPS and its impact on society. Data collection is carried out by observation, interviews, and literature studies. Sample is determined by purposive sampling method. The implementation process consists of: (1) application, (2) assistance, (3) financing, (4) coaching and facilitation, (5) monitoring and evaluation. The results of the implementation are: a). Location of IPHPS does not comply with the provisions, which should be empty land for 5 consecutive years, b). The companion is not appropriate in terms of quality and quantity, c). Financing and capital are still independent of farmer groups, d). Coaching and facilitation by the IPHPS Working Group has not been effective yet, e). Monitoring and evaluation was only carried out once, f). Social, economic and ecological impacts are not yet visible.

ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE BASED ON ANNUAL TREND AND CHANGE OF TEMPERATURE IN MANOKWARI, WEST PAPUA

A simple climate change assessment is carried out on annual air temperatures including average, maximum and minimum temperatures in Rendani, Manokwari for the period of 1993-2019. Parametric linear regression and nonparametric Mann-Kendall trend test (MK), Modified Mann-Kendall (MMK), Sen's Slope Estimator (SSE)are used to analyze trends and index numbers for analyzing the temperature changes. Homogenity test is performed using double mass curve and assumption of normality in the distribution is also investigated to meet the requirements of the linear regression trend test. There as a significant upward trend in the mean and minimum temperature with a slope of 0.029ºC/year and 0.069ºC/year, respectively. Meanwhile, the maximum temperature test shows no trend with a slope of 0.009ºC/year. Analysis of temperature changes using index numbers shows an increase in annual average temperature of 2.8% or 0.7°C, maximum temperature of 1.2% or 0.4°C, and minimum temperature of 3.1% or 0.8°C. The increase in annual air temperature in Manokwari City can generally be caused by several factors such as El Nino phenomenon, urbanization, population growth, and deforestation.