scholarly journals Effects of Vegetation Pattern and Spontaneous Succession on Remediation of Potential Toxic Metal-Polluted Soil in Mine Dumps

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuyao Chen ◽  
Yongjun Yang ◽  
Jiaxin Mi ◽  
Run Liu ◽  
Huping Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Vegetation Pattern ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Vegetation Patterns ◽  
Metal Mining ◽  
Spontaneous Succession ◽  
Soil Fertility Index

The ecological rehabilitation of potential toxic metal-contaminated soils in sites disturbed by mining has been a great challenge in recent decades. Phytoremediation is one of the most widely promoted renovation methods due to its environmental friendliness and low cost. However, there is a lack of in situ investigation on the influence of vegetation pattern and spontaneous succession on the rehabilitation of potential toxic metal-polluted soil. To clarify how the vegetation pattern in the early stage of restoration and the spontaneous succession influence the remediation of the soil, we investigated a metal mining dump in Sichuan, China, by field investigation and laboratory analysis. We determined the plant growth, soil fertility, and the capacity of potential toxic metals (PTMs) in metal mining soil under different initial vegetation patterns for different years to understand the role of vegetation pattern and spontaneous succession in PTM pollution phytoremediation projects. The results show that: (1) Phytoremediation with a simple initial vegetation pattern (RP rehabilitative plant pattern) which involves two rehabilitation plants, Agave sisalana and Neyraudia reynaudiana, achieves a PTM pollution index that is 9.28% lower than that obtained with the complex vegetation pattern (RP&LP rehabilitation plants mixed with local plants pattern), 21.86% lower in the soil fertility index, and 73.69% lower in the biodiversity index; (2) The phytoremediation with the 10-year RP&LP pattern was associated with a PTM pollution index that was 4.04% higher than that for the 17-year RP&LP pattern, a soil fertility index that was 4.48% lower, and a biodiversity index that was 12.49% lower. During the process of vegetation succession, if accumulator plants face inhibition of growth or retreat, the reclamation rate will decrease. The vegetation patterns influence the effect of phytoremediation. Spontaneous vegetation succession will cause the phytoremediation process to deviate from the intended target. Therefore, according to the goal of vegetation restoration, choosing a suitable vegetation pattern is the main premise to ensure the effect of phytoremediation. The indispensable manipulation of succession is significant during the succession series, and more attention should be paid to the rehabilitative plants to ensure the stable effect of reclamation. The results obtained in this study could provide a guideline for the in situ remediation of PTM-polluted soil in China.

Statistical analyses of the physiochemical properties of derived savanna, rainforest landscapes of Delta State Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 053-067
Author(s):  
Apezi Okiemute EDEWOR ◽  
Augustus Orowhigo ATUBI
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Fertility Index ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
Soil Constituent ◽  
Derived Savanna ◽  
Soil Fertility Index ◽  
The One

The derived savanna landscape of Delta state situated within the rainforest region are always considered with apathy as they are viewed as idle, marginalized or abandoned landscapes. The study therefore focused on statistical analysis of the physiochemical properties of the derived savanna, rainforest and fallow landscapes of Delta state. The statistical analysis gave impetus for the derivation of Soil Fertility Index (SFI). The hypothesis formulated to guide the study was tested using the one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). This was used to test the variation between soil physiochemical parameters of the various landscapes at 0.05 significance level. Specifically, the study found out that the physiochemical parameters of the landscapes studied are significantly correlated. Thus, implying basic similarities in soil fertility and soil constituent tendencies between the landscapes.

In-situ, Ex-situ, and nano-remediation strategies to treat polluted soil, water, and air – A review

Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 133252
Author(s):  
Asim Hussain ◽  
Fazeelat Rehman ◽  
Hamza Rafeeq ◽  
Muhammad Waqas ◽  
Asma Asghar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Remediation Strategies

How spatial vegetation distribution affects soil erosion and sediment transport

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Kuegler ◽  
Thomas Hoffmann ◽  
Jana Eichel ◽  
Lothar Schrott ◽  
Juergen Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Vegetation Pattern ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Vegetation Patterns ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
The Impact

<p>There are a multitude of factors that affect soil erosion and the process of sediment movement. One particular factor known to have a considerable impact is vegetation coverage within catchment areas.  Previous studies have examined the impact of vegetation cover on erosion. However, there is a lack of research on how the spatial distribution of vegetation influences erosion rates.</p><p>A greater understanding of hillslope erosion is fundamental in modelling previous and future topographic changes under various climate conditions. Here, the physical based erosion model EROSION 3D © is used to evaluate the impact of a variety of vegetation patterns and degrees of vegetation cover on sediment erosion and transport. The model was applied on a natural catchment in La Campana (Central Chile). For this purpose, three different vegetation patterns were created: (i) random distribution, (ii) water-dependent distribution (TWIR) and (iii) banded vegetation pattern distribution. Additional to this, the areas covered by vegetation generated in the first step were expanded by steps of 10% [0...100%]. The Erosion3D © model then was applied on all vegetation patterns and degrees of cover.</p><p>Our results show an initial increase of soil erosion with increasing plant coverage within the catchment up to a certain cover threshold ranging between 10 and 40%. At larger vegetation cover soil erosion rates decline. The strength of increase and decline, as well as the cover-threshold is strongly conditioned by the spatial vegetation pattern. In the light of this, future research should pay particular attention to the properties of the plants and their distribution, not solely on the amount of biomass within catchment areas.</p>

A Comparative Analysis of Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon Polluted Soil in the Island Forest Ecosystem and the Low land Forest Ecosystem in the Niger Delta through Enhanced Natural Attenuation Process (ENAP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Etiese Etuk ◽  
Kingsley C. Ogboi ◽  
C. A. Nwadinigwe ◽  
Wali Elekwachi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Natural Attenuation ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Niger Delta Region

The Niger Delta region has witnessed environmental pollution arising from oil activities over the years of oil exploration and production. Soil fertility in both the Lowland Forest Ecological Zone and Island Forest Ecological Zone were investigated to establish the consequences of oil pollution on the soil and remedial actions to restore back quality and fertility of the soil. A suitable cost effective and environmentally friendly technology to handle the pollutions in the Niger Delta region can be found in Remediation by Enhanced Natural Attenuation Process (ENAP) which facilitates the activities of microorganisms to biodegrade the hydrocarbon impacted soil. The study compared the bio-physicochemical parameters of the oil spill polluted soil with particular reference to areas of oil production of the two Ecological Systems with those of the unaffected soil as well as their response to bioremediation interventions using ENAP. The results demonstrated significant decrease in the values of the key indicator parameter, the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH). But for the unenhanced process, the result showed low level of reduction of TPH values for the polluted soils. A degradation trend was demonstrated with time leading to significant TPH reductions and improved key soil fertility indices. The result showed that the level of the nutrient status of soil in the region can be improved through the natural attenuation process.

scholarly journals Biosensor Design for Detection of Mercury in Contaminated Soil Using Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant and Luminescent Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Aziz Babapoor ◽  
Reza Hajimohammadi ◽  
Seyyed Mohammad Jokar ◽  
Meysam Paar
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Aeration Rate ◽  
Mercury Toxicity ◽  
Luminescent Bacteria ◽  
Sample Extract ◽  
Biosensor System ◽  
Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant ◽  
Metal Contaminant

In this study, a biosensor is designed to remove mercury as a toxic metal contaminant from the soil. The rhamnolipid biosurfactant was used to extract the mercury sorbed to soil to the aqueous phase. An immobilized bioluminescent bacterium (Escherichia coli MC106) with pmerRBPmerlux plasmid is assisted for mercury detection. A significant decrease in luminescence level was observed in a biosensor system containing contaminated soil sample extract. The concentrations of extracting mercury are well correlated with the mercury toxicity data obtained from experimental biosensor systems according to the RBL value. The optimum aeration rate of 20 ml/min was obtained for the biosensor systems. The advantage of such a biosensor is the in situ quantification of mercury as a heavy metal contaminant in soils. Therefore, this system could be proposed as a good biosensor-based alternative for future detection of heavy toxic metals in soils.

scholarly journals Relationships between Plant Biodiversity and Soil Fertility in a Mature Tropical Forest, Costa Rica

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin B. Nadeau ◽  
Thomas P. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Plant Biodiversity ◽  
Total N ◽  
Fertility Index ◽  
Tree Species Richness ◽  
Soil Fertility Index

We aimed to study relationships between plant biodiversity and soil chemical fertility in a mature tropical forest of Costa Rica. Soil samples were collected in nine sampling plots (5 m by 25 m) in order to identify P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Al and total N contents, soil fertility index, CEC, pH, and C/N ratio. Furthermore, species richness, Shannon-Wiener and Simpson’s species diversities, structural richness, and structural diversity were calculated for each plot. Simple linear regression analyses were conducted. Tree species richness was inversely related to concentration levels of K, Ca, and P, CEC, and soil fertility index. Therefore, higher tree species richness tended to be found on sites with lower soil fertility, which is the complete opposite of temperate forests. As a result, tropical and temperate forest ecology should be considered separately. Shannon-Wiener tree species diversity was positively correlated to C/N ratio. Herb structural richness was positively correlated with soil fertility index and P concentration. Therefore, herb structural richness may be a good indicator of soil fertility. This study gives important insights on ecological relationships between plant biodiversity and soil chemical fertility in a primary tropical forest.

scholarly journals Energy-Saving Strategies and their Energy Analysis and Exergy Analysis for In Situ Thermal Remediation System of Polluted-Soil

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 4018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian-Tian Li ◽  
Yun-Ze Li ◽  
Zhuang-Zhuang Zhai ◽  
En-Hui Li ◽  
Tong Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Industrial Soil ◽  
Thermal Remediation ◽  
Variable Condition

The environmental safety of soil has become a severe problem in China with the boost of industrialization. Polluted-soil thermal remediation is a kind of suitable remediation technology for large-scale heavily contaminated industrial soil, with the advantages of being usable in off-grid areas and with a high fuel to energy conversion rate. Research on energy-saving strategies is beneficial for resource utilization. Focused on energy saving and efficiency promotion of polluted-soil in situ thermal remediation system, this paper presents three energy-saving strategies: Variable-condition mode (VCM), heat-returning mode (HRM) and air-preheating mode (APM). The energy analysis based on the first law of thermodynamics and exergy analysis based on the second law of thermodynamics are completed. By comparing the results, the most effective part of the energy-saving strategy for variable-condition mode is that high savings in the amount of natural gas (NG) used can be achieved, from 0.1124 to 0.0299 kg·s−1 in the first stage. Energy-saving strategies for heat-returning mode and air-preheating mode have higher utilization ratios than the basic method (BM) for the reason they make full use of waste heat. As a whole, a combination of energy-saving strategies can improve the fuel savings and energy efficiency at the same time.

scholarly journals Distribution of Taraxacum microspecies along soil property gradients in salt and brackish meadows on the Polish Baltic coast

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Bosiacka ◽  
Helena Więcław ◽  
Paweł Marciniuk ◽  
Marek Podlasiński
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Property ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Vegetation Patterns ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Coastal Meadows

Abstract The vegetation of protected salt meadows along the Baltic coast is fairly well known; however, dandelions have been so far treated as a collective species. The aim of our study was to examine the microspecies diversity of the genus Taraxacum in Polish salt and brackish coastal meadows and to analyse soil property preferences of the dandelion microspecies identified. In addition, we analysed the relations between soil properties and vegetation patterns in dandelion-supporting coastal meadows (by canonical correspondence analysis). The salt and brackish meadows along the Polish Baltic coast we visited were found to support a total of 27 dandelion microspecies representing 5 sections. Analysis of vegetation patterns showed all the soil parameters (C:N ratio, organic matter content, pH, concentration of Mg, P, K, electrolytic conductivity of the saturated soil extract ECe) to explain 32.07% of the total variance in the species data. The maximum abundance of most dandelion microspecies was associated with the highest soil fertility, moderate pH values and organic matter content, and with the lowest magnesium content and soil salinity. The exceptions were T. latissimum, T. stenoglossum, T. pulchrifolium and T. lucidum the occur-rence of which was related to the lowest soil fertility and the highest salinity. In addition, several microspecies (T. leptodon, T. gentile, T. haematicum, T. fusciflorum and T. balticum) were observed at moderate C:N ratios and ECe. Four other microspecies (T. infestum, T. cordatum, T. hamatum, T. sertatum) occurred at the lowest pH and organic matter content. The information obtained increases the still insufficient body of knowledge on ecological spectra of individual dandelion microspecies, hence their potential indicator properties.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document