scholarly journals Thermal Comfort and Energy Performance of Atrium in Mediterranean Climate

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reihaneh Aram ◽  
Halil Alibaba
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
The Other ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Building Model ◽  
Window Opening

This paper aims to determine the optimal single-story office building model with a corner atrium regarding different atrium orientations and office-building window-opening ratios in the Mediterranean climate via EDSL Tas software. When window-opening ratios were 25% and 50% at the northeast and southeast orientations of atriums and office spaces, thermal comfort was achieved according to categories B and C, respectively, within the cold season. Additionally, for the northeast atrium orientation with 25%, 137.2 W and 189.5 W of heat loss and gain in the office zone, and 37.7 W and 204.7 W of heat loss and gain in the atrium zone were recorded. Moreover, for the northeast atrium orientation with 50%, 134.5 W and 134.2 W of heat loss and gain in the office zone, and 40 W and 192 W of heat loss and gain in the atrium zone were recorded. On the other hand, for the southeast atrium orientation with 25%, 108.7 W and 143 W of heat loss and gain in the office zone, and 68.8 W and 130 W of heat loss and gain in the atrium zone were recorded, while, with 50%, 111.7 W and 142.7 W of heat loss and gain in the office zone, and 67.5 W and 121.2 W of heat loss and gain in the atrium zone were recorded. In the warm season, the atrium and office spaces were not thermally comfortable.

scholarly journals Transformation of an Office Building into a Nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB): Implications for Thermal and Visual Comfort and Energy Performance

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Ballarini ◽  
Giovanna De Luca ◽  
Argun Paragamyan ◽  
Anna Pellegrino ◽  
Vincenzo Corrado
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Efficiency Measures

Directive 2010/31/EU promotes the refurbishment of existing buildings to change them into nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs). Within this framework, it is of crucial importance to guarantee the best trade-off between energy performance and indoor environmental quality (IEQ). The implications of a global refurbishment scenario on thermal and visual comfort are assessed in this paper pertaining to an existing office building. The retrofit actions applied to achieve the nZEB target consist of a combination of envelope and technical building systems refurbishment measures, involving both HVAC and lighting. Energy and comfort calculations were carried out through dynamic simulation using Energy Plus and DIVA, for the thermal and visual performance assessments, respectively. The results point out that energy retrofit actions on the building envelope would lead to significant improvements in the thermal performance, regarding both energy savings (−37% of the annual primary energy for heating) and thermal comfort. However, a daylighting reduction would occur with a consequent higher electricity demand for lighting (36%). The research presents a detailed approach applicable to further analyses aimed at optimizing the energy efficiency measures in order to reduce the imbalance between visual and thermal comfort and to ensure the best performance in both domains.

scholarly journals How to compare energy performance requirements of Japanese and European office buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 03038
Author(s):  
Kaiser Ahmed ◽  
Gyuyoung Yoon ◽  
Makiko Ukai ◽  
Jarek Kurnitski
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductance ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Building Model ◽  
Air Source Heat Pump ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Insulation Thickness ◽  
Heating Degree Days

This study applied the normalisation method that enabled to compare the energy performance of buildings from European and Japanese climates. A reference office building was simulated with national input data and weather file in order to estimate the thermal conductance of building model and heating degree-days for a reference climate. Based on simulated results, economic insulation thickness and thermal transmittance of windows for all climates were determined. A reference office building corresponding to Japanese ZEB Ready performance was moved with this method to Estonian and French climates. The results compared to national NZEB requirements and EC NZEB Nordic and Oceanic recommendations. It was found that the Japanese ZEB Ready building configuration with air source heat pump was very close to EC NZEB recommendations. However, in the case of district heating and gas-boiler heat sources, it was needed to improve Japanese ZEB Ready building configuration in order to meet EC NZEB recommendations. Estonian NZEB requirement met EC recommendation with both heat sources, but French NZEB requirement was much less ambitious.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Thermal Comfort Performance of a Vertical Garden on a Glazed Façade and its Effect on Building and Urban Scale, Case Study: An Office Building in Barcelona

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6706
Author(s):  
Faezeh Bagheri Moghaddam ◽  
Josep Maria Fort Mir ◽  
Isidro Navarro Delgado ◽  
Ernesto Redondo Dominguez
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Glazed Facade ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Indoor Comfort ◽  
Vegetation Layer

The aim of this paper is to investigate the thermal performance of vertical gardens by comparing the thermal comfort of bare (glazed) and green façades in the Mediterranean climate. The proposal consists of applying a vegetation layer on a glazed façade that could control solar radiation and reduce indoor air temperatures. This study investigates the thermal performance of green façades of an office building in the Mediterranean climate. For this purpose, the Gas Natural Fenosa Office Building as a case study was simulated, that is located on a site next to the coastline in Barcelona. Dynamic building energy simulation was used to determine and assess indoor thermal conditions and, for this reason, the IES VE as a simulation tool has been utilized. Thermal comfort was assessed through the adaptive comfort approach and results were analyzed and presented in the terms of indoor comfort conditions during occupied hours. As a result, the article shows that applying a green façade as a vegetation layer caused a reduction in the internal and external façade surface temperatures, as well as the indoor air temperature of the workplace. Additionally, enhancing indoor comfort in summer is closely associated with reducing the external surface temperature. In winter, it also protects the exterior surface from the low temperature of the outside, and all of this greatly increases thermal comfort performance.

scholarly journals Thermal comfort optimisation of vernacular rural buildings: passive solutions to retrofit a typical farmhouse in central Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Menconi ◽  
Massimo Chiappini ◽  
Jan L.M. Hensen ◽  
David Grohmann
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Insulating Materials ◽  
Building Model ◽  
Rural Buildings ◽  
Vernacular Building ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Optimisation Techniques

An adequate retrofitting of traditional rural buildings requires to preserve their formal characteristics and to understand the constructive elements that compose them and which are different in different geographical areas. This paper analyses the typical farmhouses in central Italy. Starting from the definition of a vernacular building model, the paper analyses its performance in terms of thermal comfort and energy efficiency. The methodology involves the use of energy dynamic simulations coupled with optimisation techniques aimed to identify the best combinations of insulating materials in terms of choice of material and its optimal location in the envelope. The paper demonstrates the good thermal and energy performance of farmhouses in central Italy. The results of the optimisation process showed that in these buildings, with the addition of insulation materials with low conductivity the perceived discomfort in the inhabited areas of the building can be reduced by 79% and the energy consumption related to heating can be reduced by 77%. The level of insulation of the pavement that separates the ground and first floor needs to be more moderate to promote the heat flow between floors during summer. The sensitivity analysis shows that the most influential component for thermal comfort is the roof insulation.

Optimization of the Installation of an Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger and Detailed Design of a Dedicated Experimental Set-Up

2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 2158-2161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Carlucci ◽  
Giulio Cattarin ◽  
Lorenzo Pagliano ◽  
Marco Pietrobon
Keyword(s):  
Warm Season ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Hvac Systems ◽  
Thermal Capacity ◽  
Peak Loads ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Simple Technology ◽  
Selection Of

Earth-to-Air Heat Exchangers (EAHE) represent a relatively simple technology that can be easily coupled with traditional HVAC systems as well as with hybrid systems in order to exploit the thermal capacity of the ground. The air is pre-heated in the cold season and pre-cooled in the warm season through the EAHE, thus smoothing the peak loads and reducing the primary energy consumption. The present paper presents an experimental set-up of an EAHE implemented in a rural area in the Sicily region, focusing on the selection of the type of soils and the characteristics of the monitoring system installed to collect information on the actual energy performance of the EAHE.

scholarly journals Assessment of thermal comfort preferences in Mediterranean climate: A university office building case

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2177-2187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cihan Turhan ◽  
Gulden Gokcen-Akkurt
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Subjective Measurements ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Radiant Temperature

This study aims at evaluating the perceived thermal sensation of occupants with respect to thermal comfort standards, ASHRAE 55 and ISO 7730, for office buildings located in Mediterranean climate. A small office building in Izmir Institute of Technology Campus Area, Izmir, Turkey, was chosen as a case building and equipped with measurement devices to assess thermal comfort of occupants with respect to predicted mean vote and actual mean vote. Both objective and subjective measurements were conducted. The former included indoor and out-door air temperature, mean radiant temperature, relative humidity and air velocity that were used for evaluating the thermal comfort of occupants. Oxygen concentration which can play an additional role in thermal comfort/discomfort, health and productivity of the office occupants, was also measured. Furthermore, occupants were subjected to a survey via a mobile application to obtain subjective measurements to calculate actual mean vote values. Based on objective and subjective measurements, the relationships among the parameters were derived by using simple regression analysis technique while a new combined mean vote correlation was also derived but this time by using multiple linear regression model. Neutral and comfort temperatures were obtained using indoor air temperature and actual mean vote values which were calculated from subjective measurements. The results showed that neutral temperature in the university office building was 20.9?C whilst the comfort temperature range was between 19.4 and 22.4?C for the heating season. By applying new comfort temperatures, energy consumption of the case building located in Mediterranean climate, can be reduced.

scholarly journals Daylighting and Energy Performance Evaluation of an Egg-Crate Device for Hospital Building Retrofitting in a Mediterranean Climate

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Calama-González ◽  
Ángel León-Rodríguez ◽  
Rafael Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Window Opening ◽  
Hospital Building ◽  
Shading Devices ◽  
Ambient Systems ◽  
Passive Measurements

Hospital buildings present a significant savings potential in order to meet the objectives of H2020. The improvement of healthcare built environments contributes to improving the health of patients. In this respect, passive measurements must be prioritized, especially in relation to the weakest element of the building thermal enclosure: the window opening. Shading devices allow solar radiation and indoor temperature to be controlled, as well as improving visual comfort, mostly in buildings with a Mediterranean climate. This factor is of great importance when considering the increase in outdoor temperatures expected due to climate change. Unlike other studies in which predictive models are implemented, this paper examines a methodology based on the simultaneous monitoring of ambient variables, in real use and operative conditions, for two hospital rooms located in southern Spain. The aim of this research is to provide a comparative assessment of ambient conditions in a standard room with an egg-crate device and in a non-shaded one. The use of an egg-crate device allows a better yearly performance, improving natural illuminance levels, reducing incident solar radiation on the window, and decreasing artificial lighting consumption. However, its efficiency is greatly conditioned by the user patterns in relation to ambient systems, as the blind aperture level and the activation of the lighting system are directly controlled by users.

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