How to compare energy performance requirements of Japanese and European office buildings

This study applied the normalisation method that enabled to compare the energy performance of buildings from European and Japanese climates. A reference office building was simulated with national input data and weather file in order to estimate the thermal conductance of building model and heating degree-days for a reference climate. Based on simulated results, economic insulation thickness and thermal transmittance of windows for all climates were determined. A reference office building corresponding to Japanese ZEB Ready performance was moved with this method to Estonian and French climates. The results compared to national NZEB requirements and EC NZEB Nordic and Oceanic recommendations. It was found that the Japanese ZEB Ready building configuration with air source heat pump was very close to EC NZEB recommendations. However, in the case of district heating and gas-boiler heat sources, it was needed to improve Japanese ZEB Ready building configuration in order to meet EC NZEB recommendations. Estonian NZEB requirement met EC recommendation with both heat sources, but French NZEB requirement was much less ambitious.

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A Case Study on the Verification of Passive Office Energy Performance Comparing Actual Energy Consumption to Simulation Result

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.427 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 361-363 ◽

pp. 427-430 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Young Sun Ko ◽

Sang Tae No

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Energy Performance ◽

Building Envelope ◽

Office Building ◽

Simulation Accuracy ◽

Existing Building ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Insulation Thickness ◽

Actual Energy Consumption ◽

Heating And Cooling Load

The objective of this study is to verify energy performance of passive office building compared to existing building using computer simulation tool, EnergyPlus. S building was selected as a passive office building, which is the first passive office building in KOREA, and the building satisfy the passive house standard. The annual energy consumption data were compared to the heating and cooling load result of EnergyPlus, to verify simulation accuracy. The conditions of existing building were selected from Korean envelope standard and the categories of the conditions are the insulation thickness and glazing composition. As a result, the passive office showed 28% reduced energy consumption, compared to the existing building, with ordinary envelope under Korean building envelope standard.

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Optimal thickness of various insulation materials for different temperature conditions and heat sources in terms of economic aspect

Journal of Building Physics ◽

10.1177/1744259117708733 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 377-393 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tadeusz Orzechowski ◽

Mateusz Orzechowski

Keyword(s):

Weather Conditions ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Heat Sources ◽

Fuel Prices ◽

Air Source Heat Pump ◽

Insulation Thickness ◽

Total Investment ◽

The Mean ◽

Local Weather

The article presents the methodology for calculating the optimal insulation thickness that is related to the quality of energy supply and fuel prices. Assuming that the total cost following renovation is the sum of the costs of heating and thermal upgrading, it was shown that when calculating the optimal insulation thickness, the thermal resistance of the outer walls should be taken into account. Such calculations, in addition to the characteristics of the heat source, should be carried out taking into account local weather conditions. The study presents the results of such calculations for the building heated with gas and the air-source heat pump. The results of the investigations are referred to the mean climatic conditions recorded in the last 10 years. It was found that for thermal upgrading with the use of foamed polystyrene having the optimum thickness, total investment costs are almost the same, regardless of polystyrene thermal properties. The same also refers to energy costs. The article also provides sample calculations for plaster, the main ingredient of which is perlite. In the case of internal thermal upgrading of the historic buildings, such isolation is recommended in order to prevent moisture problems inside the envelope.

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Modelling and Model-Based Control of an HVAC System

Műszaki Tudományos Közlemények ◽

10.33894/mtk-2019.10.03 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 25-30

Author(s):

Tamás Kardos ◽

Dénes Nimród Kutasi

Keyword(s):

Air Conditioning ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Office Building ◽

Heat Sources ◽

Hvac System ◽

Electrical Grid ◽

Building Model ◽

Industrial Buildings ◽

Conditioning Equipment

Abstract An HVAC system contains heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment used in office or industrial buildings. The goal of this research is to design a controller for the process of cooling an office building that is made up of three rooms. The desired room temperature can be achieved by controlling the fans making up the fan coil units and the cooling medium’s temperature. By these means the building connected to the electrical grid becomes a smart office. The used building model includes several dynamically changing interior and exterior heat sources affecting the inner climate, which introduces a level of uncertain prediction into the system. We have determined the controller’s performance by the rate of deviation from the expected temperature, the consumed electrical energy and the generated noise. The controller was created in Matlab Simulink with the possibility of migration to a Siemens PLC.

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Model-based Predictive Control of an HVAC System

Műszaki Tudományos Közlemények ◽

10.33894/mtk-2019.11.21 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 101-104

Author(s):

Tamás Kardos ◽

Dénes Nimród Kutasi

Keyword(s):

Predictive Control ◽

Air Conditioning ◽

Cooling System ◽

Office Building ◽

Heat Sources ◽

Hvac System ◽

Building Model ◽

Model Based ◽

Cooling Method ◽

Model Predictor

Abstract This paper presents the application of two model-based predictive control (MPC) algorithms on the cooling system of an office building. The two strategies discussed are a simple MPC, and an adaptive MPC algorithm connected to a model predictor. The cooling method used represents the air-conditioning unit of an HVAC system. The temperature of the building’s three rooms is controlled with fan coil units, based on the reference temperature and with different constraints applied. Furthermore, the building model is affected by dynamically changing interior and exterior heat sources, which we introduced into the controller as disturbances.

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Thermal Comfort and Energy Performance of Atrium in Mediterranean Climate

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11041213 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1213 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Reihaneh Aram ◽

Halil Alibaba

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Heat Loss ◽

Mediterranean Climate ◽

Warm Season ◽

Energy Performance ◽

Cold Season ◽

The Other ◽

Office Building ◽

Building Model ◽

Window Opening

This paper aims to determine the optimal single-story office building model with a corner atrium regarding different atrium orientations and office-building window-opening ratios in the Mediterranean climate via EDSL Tas software. When window-opening ratios were 25% and 50% at the northeast and southeast orientations of atriums and office spaces, thermal comfort was achieved according to categories B and C, respectively, within the cold season. Additionally, for the northeast atrium orientation with 25%, 137.2 W and 189.5 W of heat loss and gain in the office zone, and 37.7 W and 204.7 W of heat loss and gain in the atrium zone were recorded. Moreover, for the northeast atrium orientation with 50%, 134.5 W and 134.2 W of heat loss and gain in the office zone, and 40 W and 192 W of heat loss and gain in the atrium zone were recorded. On the other hand, for the southeast atrium orientation with 25%, 108.7 W and 143 W of heat loss and gain in the office zone, and 68.8 W and 130 W of heat loss and gain in the atrium zone were recorded, while, with 50%, 111.7 W and 142.7 W of heat loss and gain in the office zone, and 67.5 W and 121.2 W of heat loss and gain in the atrium zone were recorded. In the warm season, the atrium and office spaces were not thermally comfortable.

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Analysis of renewable energy sources and a heat storage tank application in a district heating substation

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202132300006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 323 ◽

pp. 00006

Author(s):

Kamil Chłosta ◽

Wiesław Zima

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Storage Tank ◽

Heat Storage ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

District Heating ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Heat Sources ◽

Water Parameters ◽

Air Source Heat Pump

The study verifies the potential application of renewable energy sources in a district heating substation. Different operating configurations of heat sources have been analysed, including solar collectors, PV panels and air source heat pump. Concepts of regulating the water parameters in a substation have been analysed. Moreover, the potential impact of a heat storage tank application has been calculated using a genetic algorithm to find optimal operating conditions in a district heating substation. The analysis is based on measured yearly data.

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