scholarly journals Transit versus Nature. Depreciation of Environmental Values of the Road Alleys. Case Study: Gamerki-Jonkowo, Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Suchocka ◽  
Magdalena Błaszczyk ◽  
Adam Juźwiak ◽  
Joanna Duriasz ◽  
Adam Bohdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Environmental Values ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
The Road

Road alleys are multifunctional features in open landscapes that serve as ecological corridors connecting habitats, and play an important role in sustaining ecological stability. However, multiple road authorities claim that tree-lined routes pose a threat to traffic safety and should therefore be removed. This aspect of safety seems crucial to authorities, significantly overwhelming the benefits of road alleys. Problems with the vitality of the trees (which are mainly mature and aging) deliver arguments for cutting them down. The aim of this paper is to examine the environmental and natural value of road alleys based on a 14 km long section of the Gamerki—Jonkowo Road in the Province of Warmia (Northeast Poland). Further, we aim to verify the degree of hazard posed by trees to be felled for safety reasons. An examination framework with six components was developed for the research. This framework includes a tree risk assessment and vitality evaluation, pulling tests, an examination of the protected hermit beetle and lichen species, and an examination of bat fauna. The results revealed that no trees were in the resignation phase and confirmed that the alley is a unique natural habitat with protected species of lichen, a few bats, and valuable insect species, among others the hermit beetle (Osmoderma barnabita). Therefore, the alley cannot be perceived only as a component of the road infrastructure. The maintenance of the trees seems to be essential when taking into account the environmental stability of the region.

scholarly journals Transit verus Nature. Value Depreciation of Road Alleys. Case study: Gamerki-Jonkowo, Poland

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Suchocka ◽  
Magdalena Błaszczyk ◽  
Adam Juźwiak ◽  
Joanna Duriasz ◽  
Adam Bohdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The Road ◽  
North East

Road alleys, especially on areas of Warmia (north-east Poland), are multifunctional features in open landscapes. They serve as ecological corridors connecting habitats and play an important role in sustaining ecological stability. However, multiple road authorities claim that tree-lined routes are a threat for traffic safety and therefore should be removed. The aspect of safety seems to be crucial to them, significantly overwhelming alley benefits. The vitality problems of the trees (which are mainly mature and aging) deliver arguments to cutting them down. The aim of this paper is examination of environmental and natural value of the road alleys (based on a 14 km long-distance of the Gamerki – Jonkowo road), and verification of the degree of hazard posed by trees designated for cutting because of safety reasons. The six-examination framework for the research was developed. Tree risk assessment and vitality evaluation, pulling tests, examination of protected beetle species - hermit beetle, the lichens species, and examination of bat fauna were performed. The results revealed no trees in the resignation phase and confirmed that the alley is a unique natural and landscape habitat with protected species of lichens, a few bats species and valuable insect species, among others hermit beetle (Osmoderma barnabita) existing there. The environmental value of the alley is, therefore, hard to overestimate and cannot be perceived only as a component of the road infrastructure. The maintenance of the trees seems to be essential when taking into account environmental stability of the region.

scholarly journals Quantitative Risk Assessment of Vehicles Hit by Landslides: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Lu ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Lulu Zhang ◽  
Limin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Failure Probability ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Suggested Method ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Landslide Risk ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Abstract. Landslides threaten the safety of vehicles on highways. Nevertheless, a rigorous quantitative highway landslide risk assessment seems difficult. Using a case study in Hong Kong, this paper presents a method for quantitative risk assessment for highway landslides. The suggested method consists of three parts, i.e., analysis of annual failure probability of the slope, the spatial impact analysis and the consequence analysis. In the case study, the annual failure probability of the slope is analyzed based on historical failure data in Hong Kong. The spatial impact of the landslides is estimated based on empirical correlations with the geometry of the slope. The consequence is assessed based on probabilistic modeling of the traffic on the highway. Based on the suggested method, the annual failure probability of the slope, the distance from the slope and the road and the density of vehicles on the road can significantly affect the landslide risk and the suggested method can be used to quantify the effects of these factors. The suggested method can be also potentially used to analyze the highway landslide risk in other regions.

scholarly journals Risk analysis on implementation of road maintenance project with STEPLE method in Badung, Bali

2019 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Ida Bagus Rai Adnyana ◽  
Dewa Ketut Sudarsana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Assessment Matrix ◽  
Mitigation Effort ◽  
Descriptive Method

In the implementation of the road maintenance project always risks arise. These risks have an impact on stakeholders related to the execution of the project, the community of road users and the surrounding environment. These risks need to be studied, managed, and assessed as a risk-mitigation effort for stakeholders. As the case study is the district road maintenance project, in Badung regency of Bali. Descriptive method used in the study. Identification of variable risk used STEPLE (Social, Technology, Economy, Politics, Legal, and Environment) method. The factors STEPLE is identified through literature review and brainstorming, then used as a questionnaire instrument. Respondents are experts involved in road maintenance projects in Badung regency. Risk assessment uses a risk assessment matrix. The results of the study found 36 risks. These risks are identified as dominant from the Technical variable that is 13 risks. Risk assessment found is 6 risks classified as unacceptable, and 30 risk classified as undesirable.

The Application of Traffic Conflict Technique as a Road Safety Evaluation Method: A Case Study of Hasselt Intersection

2016 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 394-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fardzanela Suwarto ◽  
Kami Hari Basuki
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Road User ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Accident Data

The majority of traffic safety evaluations in the world generally have been conducted by colecting historical accident data. The data will then being analyzed using risk prediction models or before-after study that required an exact and reliable data. Meanwhile, the availability of accident data is rare where the rest actually consist of near-crashes and abnormal behaviour, which is mostly underreporting and lack of detail concerning the behavioural and situational of the event. Therefore, traffic conflict technique, is needed to assess traffic safety as another approach rather than waiting for several years until a number of accidents happen in a certain area. Hence the aim of this study is to make a safety evaluation towards a specific intersection in Hasselt Belgium using traffic conflict technique. The observation of conflict (near crashes) was carried out in intersection of Manteliusstraat – Dorpsstraat – Thonissenlaan in the Hasselt, Belgium. In order to differentiate slight conflict and serious conflict, the TA-value (Time of accident) was defined based on the estimated speed of the road user and estimated distance from the road user when conflict occurred. From the observation, it was found that the conflicts between car and pedestrian were the most frequent conflict, with 50% of the total conflict, and that the conflict between car with car and the conflict between car with cyclist were high in terms of severity level based on the TA-value. By taking these into consideration, it can be concluded that unsafe crossing for pedestrian and cyclist, different speed, and peak hour traffic were the causes of conflict. Therefore, it was concluded that traffic conflict technique can be used to assess and measure traffic safety in a certain road segment. Furthermore, in term of safety, the Manteliusstraat – Dorpsstraat – Thonissenlaan intersection should be modified with some alternatives; signalized intersection with toucan crossing and traffic control devices improvement

scholarly journals THE RISK TO STRUCTURES BUILT NEAR ROADS AND RAILS USED FOR MOVING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egidijus Rytas VAIDOGAS ◽  
Lina KISEŽAUSKIENĖ ◽  
Ingrida GIRNIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Physical Characteristic ◽  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Boiling Liquid ◽  
The Road ◽  
Fragility Function ◽  
Tanker Truck

An assessment of parts of transportation infrastructure in terms of hazards to roadside territory is considered. It is suggested to assess individual segments of road and railway network by estimating risks posed by potential fires and explosions on road and rail. Boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion of tanker trucks and tank cars is identified as the most hazardous and likely high consequence accident in the land transport. It is proposed to express the risk to built roadside objects by means of an annual damage frequency. This frequency is considered to be a specific physical characteristic of the road or railway segment under analysis. It is shown that estimating the damage frequency requires assessing effects of a potential explosion on road or rail and developing a fragility function for the roadside object ana­lysed as a potential target. An example case study is presented. It considers a potential thermal damage to a reservoir (stationary tank) built in the vicinity of a highway. The damage can be caused by an explosion of a propane tanker truck. Results of the risk assessment are expressed in terms of probabilities of specific damage events.

scholarly journals Analisis Kebutuhan Rambu dan Marka Jalan untuk Meningkatkan Keselamatan di Provinsi Bangka Belitung (Studi Kasus Ruas Jalan Provinsi di Kabupaten Bangka)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-179
Author(s):  
Tetty Sulastry Mardiana
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Traffic Signs ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Signs ◽  
Geometric Conditions ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles

ABSTRACTAnalysis of The Need for Road Signs and Markings to Improve Safety in Bangka Belitung Province (Case Study of Provincial Roads in Bangka Regency): The existence of several accident-prone points that cause the number of victims with varying fatality rates and cause a lot of fatalities and material. For this reason, it is necessary to analyze the cause of the accident, determine the survey location in order to provide appropriate handling solutions to overcome the accident riots on the Bangka Belitung Islands Province road. This study uses a quantitative and qualitative descriptive approaches. The result is the four black spot locations surveyed had 90% smooth and good road conditions, with sloping topographical conditions and normal road geometries, no hazardous road geometric conditions were identified. The average speed of four-wheeled and two-wheeled vehicles at the Provincial road black spot location in Bangka Regency is in a safe position (80 km/hour), so it can be concluded that the accident that occurred at the black spot location was not caused by speed factors. Traffic conditions at the black spot location are smooth without delay, and the number of vehicles that pass tends to be low. The results of observations were identified most of the road network not yet installed traffic signs, as markers of vulnerable locations, public facilities and so forth. The installation of traffic signs according to The American Traffic Safety Services Association (2008) can reduce traffic accidents. Recommendations to improve road safety on provincial roads in Bangka Regency, it is necessary to install 52 signs on Jl Sungai Liat - Puding Besar in the direction of Pangkal Pinang (survey location 1), and 80 signs on Jl Lintas Timur Desa Rebo Kec. Sungailiat Pinang (2nd survey location).Keywords: safety; traffic signs; road markings.ABSTRAKAdanya beberapa titik rawan kecelakaan yang menimbulkan jumlah korban dengan tingkat fatalitas yang bervariasi dan menimbulkan korban jiwa serta materi yang tidak sedikit. Untuk itu perlu analisis penyebab kecelakaan, penentuan lokasi survey sehingga dapat memberikan solusi penanganan yang tepat untuk mengatasi kerawanan kecelakaan di jalan Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode penelitian gabungan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasilnya adalah empat lokasi black spot yang di survey tersebut memiliki kondisi jalan 90% mulus dan baik, dengan kondisi topografi yang landai dan geometrik jalan normal, tidak ditemukenali kondisi geometrik jalan yang membahayakan. Kecepatan rata-rata kendaraan roda empat dan roda dua di lokasi black spot jalan Provinsi di Kabupaten Bangka, berada pada posisi aman (80 km/jam), sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa kecelakaan yang terjadi pada lokasi black spot ini bukan disebabkan oleh faktor kecepatan. Kondisi lalu lintas di lokasi black spot lancar tanpa tundaan, dan jumlah kendaraan yang melintas cenderung rendah. Hasil observasi ditemukenali sebagian besar jaringan jalan belum dipasang rambu-rambu lalu lintas, sebagai penanda lokasi-lokasi rawan, fasilitas umum dan lain sebagainya, pemasangan rambu lalu lintas menurut The American Traffic Safety Services Association (2008) dapat menurunkan kecelakaan lalu lintas, maka rekomendasi untuk meningkatkan keselamatan jalan di jalan Provinsi yang terdapat di Kabupaten Bangka adalah pemasangan rambu lalu lintas sebanyak 52 buah rambu di Jl Sungai Liat-Puding Besar Arah Pangkal Pinang(lokasi survey 1), dan 80 buah rambu Jl Lintas Timur Desa Rebo Kec. Sungailiat Pinang (lokasi survey ke 2). Kata Kunci: Keselamatan; Rambu Lalu Lintas; Marka Jalan

Investigations of Road Wear Caused by Studded Tires

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-15
Author(s):  
Johannes Gültlinger ◽  
Frank Gauterin ◽  
Christian Brandau ◽  
Jan Schlittenhard ◽  
Burkhard Wies
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
The Road ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Tire Friction ◽  
Variable Operating Conditions

ABSTRACT The use of studded tires has been a subject of controversy from the time they came into market. While studded tires contribute to traffic safety under severe winter conditions by increasing tire friction on icy roads, they also cause damage to the road surface when running on bare roads. Consequently, one of the main challenges in studded tire development is to reduce road wear while still ensuring a good grip on ice. Therefore, a research project was initiated to gain understanding about the mechanisms and influencing parameters involved in road wear by studded tires. A test method using the institute's internal drum test bench was developed. Furthermore, mechanisms causing road wear by studded tires were derived from basic analytical models. These mechanisms were used to identify the main parameters influencing road wear by studded tires. Using experimental results obtained with the test method developed, the expected influences were verified. Vehicle driving speed and stud mass were found to be major factors influencing road wear. This can be explained by the stud impact as a dominant mechanism. By means of the test method presented, quantified and comparable data for road wear caused by studded tires under controllable conditions can be obtained. The mechanisms allow predicting the influence of tire construction and variable operating conditions on road wear.

An Overview of Risk-Based EEE Counterfeit Part Detection Based on SAE AS6171

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Azarian
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Multiple Solutions ◽  
Test Equipment ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Test Plan ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Risk Assessment Methodology

Abstract As counterfeiting techniques and processes grow in sophistication, the methods needed to detect these parts must keep pace. This has the unfortunate effect of raising the costs associated with managing this risk. In order to ensure that the resources devoted to counterfeit detection are commensurate with the potential effects and likelihood of counterfeit part usage in a particular application, a risk based methodology has been adopted for testing of electrical, electronic, and electromechanical (EEE) parts by the SAE AS6171 set of standards. This paper provides an overview of the risk assessment methodology employed within AS6171 to determine the testing that should be utilized to manage the risk associated with the use of a part. A scenario is constructed as a case study to illustrate how multiple solutions exist to address the risk for a particular situation, and the choice of any specific test plan can be made on the basis of practical considerations, such as cost, time, or the availability of particular test equipment.

Optimales Layout einer Walderschliessung

2016 ◽  
Vol 167 (5) ◽  
pp. 294-301
Author(s):  
Leo Bont
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Problem Situation ◽  
Optimal Layout ◽  
Forest Road ◽  
The Road ◽  
Network Cost ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Short Time

Optimal layout of a forest road network The road network is the backbone of forest management. When creating or redesigning a forest road network, one important question is how to shape the layout, this means to fix the spatial arrangement and the dimensioning standard of the roads. We consider two kinds of layout problems. First, new forest road network in an area without any such development yet, and second, redesign of existing road network for actual requirements. For each problem situation, we will present a method that allows to detect automatically the optimal road and harvesting layout. The method aims to identify a road network that concurrently minimizes the harvesting cost, the road network cost (construction and maintenance) and the hauling cost over the entire life cycle. Ecological issues can be considered as well. The method will be presented and discussed with the help of two case studies. The main benefit of the application of optimization tools consists in an objective-based planning, which allows to check and compare different scenarios and objectives within a short time. The responses coming from the case study regions were highly positive: practitioners suggest to make those methods a standard practice and to further develop the prototype to a user-friendly expert software.

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