scholarly journals Spatial Big Data Analysis of Political Risks along the Belt and Road

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuchu Zhang ◽  
Chaowei Xiao ◽  
Helin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Global Database ◽  
Spatial Statistical Analysis ◽  
Political Risks ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

As many regions along the Belt and Road have long been struggling with terrorist attacks, crimes, wars, and corruption, political risks pose important challenges for infrastructure projects and transnational investment. The objective of the article is to contribute to the identification of different types of political risks along the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, and the visualization of their micro-level spatial distribution based on the Global Database of Events, Language, and Tone (GDELT) datasets from October 2013 to May 2018. By adopting the bivariate Moran’s I model to compare the distribution of political risks along the Belt and Road and that of the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) investment and construction projects based on data from the China Global Investment Tracker (CGIT), the article also generates an overall political risk profile for Chinese BRI projects. Our findings show that a particularly high percentage of Chinese BRI projects are distributed in regions with high political risks. This research has important implications for the discussion and study of the BRI. First, by combining geographic spatial statistical analysis and political science conceptual frameworks, we point out the necessity to query the BRI from interdisciplinary perspectives grounded in empirical research. Second, the research delivers to researchers, academics, practitioners, consultants and policy makers interested in the BRI the latest insights into the risks and challenges along the Belt and Road. Third, it advocates policies and strategies conducive to identifying, assessing and mitigating political risks in investment along the Belt and Road and to strengthening the sustainable development of the BRI.

scholarly journals A brief analysis of new media pushing "The Belt and Road" Initiative

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiqiang Xiao ◽  
Liang Chen
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

Abstract: in 2013, President Xi put forward the strategic ideas of "Silk Road Economic Belt" and "21st Century Maritime Silk Road" during his visit to central Asia and South Asia, which gained extensive attention from the international community. To promote the implementation of the "The Belt and Road" initiative, it is necessary to not only build good infrastructure to promote economic and trade exchanges between countries, but also create a good public opinion environment to enhance exchanges and mutual trust between countries. New media, as one of the main channels of information communication in the current era, plays an important role in spreading the culture of "The Belt and Road" initiative and promoting economic cooperation among countries with its characteristics of flexibility, interactivity and high efficiency. Exploring the role of new media in promoting the political, cultural and economic aspects of the "The Belt and Road" initiative will be of great significance to mastering the power of discourse of the Silk Road and strengthening the exchanges and cooperation among countries along the route.

scholarly journals Logistics Challenges Along the New Silk Roads

2021 ◽  
pp. 295-307
Author(s):  
Hans-Dietrich Haasis ◽  
Jianhui Du ◽  
Xuejun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Communication And Coordination ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
The Silk Road

AbstractIn 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping advised to establish the “Silk Road Economic Belt” and the “21st Century Maritime Silk Road,” also referred as the Belt and Road Initiative or the New Silk Roads Policy. The intention is to promote international and regional trade as well as cooperation in and between Asia and Europe. Consequently, international maritime and terrestrial freight transport corridors are either established or strengthened and operated. The purpose of this paper is to reflect the Belt and Road Initiative from the perspective of logistics. The aim is to identify and formulate circumstances, expectations, opportunities, and peculiarities of logistics along the New Silk Roads. For this purpose, four corresponding challenges will be considered and outlined after an introduction to the Belt and Road Initiative. The four logistics challenges concern the awareness of new freight transport corridors and the assessment of possibilities for opening new transport relations and new markets, the implementation of new and the adaptation of existing supply chains to increase strategic logistics flexibility, the availability and use of digital infrastructure and connectivity for improved communication and coordination of logistical processes, and the willingness to consider regional and cultural differences in the preparation and realization of supply chain decisions.

The Belt and Road Initiative and China’s Grand Diplomacy

2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850015
Author(s):  
Zheng Yongnian ◽  
Zhang Chi
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
National Development ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Major Power ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

On March 28, 2015, Chinese President Xi Jinping detailed his vision for the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (hereinafter referred to as the Belt and Road) when attending the Boao Forum for Asia. After this, China’s National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Ministry of Commerce jointly issued the “Vision and Actions on Jointly Building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road”, a sign that the Belt and Road Initiative promoted by China as a foreign cooperation platform entered its first year of implementation. This vision covers over half of the global population and involves more than 60 countries along the routes, the economic aggregates of which account for about one-third of the world. During 2015, Chinese President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang paid frequent visits to all continents in an effort to promote the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative. At present, the Belt and Road Initiative has received positive responses from the countries along the routes, and a number of cooperation projects have been underway smoothly. With the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative, China is forming a grand diplomatic landscape with “double legs” (a new type of major power relations and the Belt and Road Initiative) and a “single circle” (peripheral diplomacy). The Belt and Road Initiative highlights the spirit of the age, characterized by “peace, mutual respect, openness, and inclusiveness”, and has major international significance in helping China break through the security dilemma among nations, shoulder the responsibilities of a great power, and build China’s soft power in the international arena.

The Belt and Road Initiative and China's Foreign Policy Toward Its Territorial and Boundary Disputes

2015 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 325-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingjie Kong
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Boundary Disputes ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
China’S Foreign Policy ◽  
The Belt And Road

Outstanding territorial and boundary disputes both on land and at sea between China and many of its neighbors remain a most sensitive, complicated, and enduring matter in their bilateral relations. In 2013, China proposed the Belt and Road Initiative, which aims to promote connectivity and cooperation between China and the rest of the world through the land-based Silk Road Economic Belt and the oceangoing Maritime Silk Road. Under this Initiative, frontiers, land boundaries, borderlands, maritime boundaries, and the ocean enjoy unique positions. Obviously, impacts of these outstanding territorial and boundary disputes on the Initiative should not be underestimated. Meanwhile, the Initiative can facilitate cooperation between China and other disputant states on conflict management and dispute resolution. But such an effect should not be overestimated. Indeed, it can have a side effect, inducing some disputant states to take more provocative actions.

scholarly journals Data-Driven Analytics for China’s Overseas Construction Projects in the Contexts of the Maritime Silk Road and Global Maritime Network

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Zhi-Hua Hu
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
The World ◽  
Chinese Overseas ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Belt And Road

The Belt and Road (BR) Initiative (BRI) is usually examined in geopolitics perspectives, while the studies ignored the consistency of the BRI with the world economy and China’s historical international business. This study developed a maritime big data system to analyze global interactions upon the global maritime network generated from the system. The BR is coupled with Chinese overseas construction projects (COCPs) in the context of the global maritime network by data-driven analytics methods. A network is developed by extracting the spatial interactions among maritime ports, and time and spatial analyzing methods are used for vessel flows among maritime ports. Then, nine analytical experiments are conducted to examine the relations between COCP and BRI. The figure of the BR emerges from COCP and the maritime network. The BR region and especially the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (MSR) had emerged as a definite shape ten years ago. The BRI creates additional opportunities in developing the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) and the connectivity between BR and the world. The policy implications considering China, regions, and global communities are further be studied. The BR is investigated by using the big data coupled with the COCP other than just depicting from geographical and economic views.

The Road and Belt Initiative in Malaysia: Challenges and Recommendations

Akademika ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-91
Author(s):  
Ku Boon Dar ◽  
◽  
Tan Chee Seng ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
The Road ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
The Silk Road

ABSTRACT In recent years, China has expanded its relations with other nations through the Belt and Road Initiative. This initiative was formally introduced after it was launched in 2013 by President Xi Jinping. It comprises two components, namely, the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative, both of which aim to stimulate the acceleration of economic growth in Asia, Africa and Europe. This research attempts to provide a detailed review of the execution of this initiative through empirical studies based on qualitative analysis, which are closely related to BRI implementation in Malaysia. The focus of this research, however, is not limited to studying the viewpoints of leaders and scholars on the initiative; rather, it will also attempt to discuss theBRI’s progress and the obstacles encountered to date from the political aspects of both China and Malaysia. By identifying the potential challenges to come, this research will prove to be significant, as it proposes some comprehensive measures to address and forestall any setbacks that may arise, which may affect the implementation of the BRI between the two nations. Keywords: Belt and Road Initiative (BRI); Malaysia–China relations; Silk Road; China–ASEAN relations; Maritime Silk Road A

The Potential of a Sino-Lebanese Partnership through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-145
Author(s):  
Mohamad Zreik
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Chinese Investment ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
The Status ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

In 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping announced the launch of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which includes the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. In 2017, Lebanon officially joined this initiative, and thus China will be present on the western shores of Asia. This paper examines Lebanese–Chinese relations and Chinese direct investment in Lebanon. It explores the dilemma of Chinese investment in Lebanon in light of its troubled security, political, and economic situation. The study relies on a qualitative descriptive analysis to address the status of Chinese investment in Lebanon and the consequences of this partnership.

scholarly journals Kenya and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road: Implications for China-Africa Relations

2018 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 401-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sabil Farooq ◽  
Tongkai Yuan ◽  
Jiangang Zhu ◽  
Nazia Feroze
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

China remains Africa’s largest financier of infrastructure, and the Belt and Road Forum held in May 2017 estimated pledge of funds of about US$40 billion. Reportedly, projects worth much more than the pledged funds are in the planning or have been underway, making the “Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)” the biggest development initiative in history. China and Africa need each other in development, and the Asian giant continues to make inroads into Africa, home to minerals, oil, and other resources that help feed China’s phenomenal economic growth. This article intends to discuss the “21st Century Maritime Silk Road (MSR)” under the BRI and its socioeconomic and cultural impact on China-Africa relations, with an emphasis on China’s relationship with Kenya, a founding member of the East Africa community (EAC) that has enjoyed lasting friendship with China. It is concluded that despite the generally positive impact of Chinese economic presence in Africa over the past decades, both China and African countries have much to do to consolidate their mutually beneficial relationship and to achieve the MSR’s target of common prosperity in the long run.

scholarly journals New Learning, New Teaching, New Entrepreneurship, New Eco-sphere

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Ji Shaoyou
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Internet Age ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
New Learning ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Belt And Road

As it is known, China is a country with a long history, and in this Internet Age, changes are taking place in China at high speed. The new leadership of China is faced with a series of complex challenges. In September 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed a Silk Road Economic Belt and in October a 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road; together now referred to as the Belt and Road Initiative. The Initiative aims at building a community of shared interests, responsibility and destiny with mutual political trust, economic integration and cultural inclusiveness. Investments and trade cooperations are major tasks in building the Belt and Road. As a member of higher education community, how could we be of any assistance in solving the employment problem for the government, upgrade the traditional foreign trade for the enterprises and train innovative students for the society? Consequently, I select the theme Disruptive Innovation: Shifting the way of learning. And the title of my sharing is “New Learning, New Teaching, New Entrepreneurship & New Eco-sphere”.

scholarly journals Prospects for Science and Technology Cooperation between the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and Portugal under the Belt and Road Initiative

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaming Liang
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Technological Cooperation ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
The Eu

President Xi, focusing on building a new pattern of all-round opening up to the outside world and promoting the common prosperity and progress of all countries, put forward a major proposal for the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the maritime Silk Road in twenty-first Century. The bay area economy, as an important coastal economic form, is the highlight of the current international economic map, and is a significant symbol of the world's first-class coastal city. The international first-class bay areas, such as New York Bay area, San Francisco Bay area and Tokyo Bay area, are characterized by openness, innovation, livability and internationalization. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has four world-class cities, name Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hong Kong and Macao, and the Pearl River Delta city cluster. It has an open economic structure, efficient resource allocation ability, strong agglomeration and spillover function and development international communication network plays a core function of leading innovation and gathering radiation. It is an important growth pole for promoting the economic development of the maritime Silk Road and a leader in technological change. With the help of Portugal's geographical position on the maritime Silk Road and market access advantages within the EU system, the Greater Bay Area should further deepen scientific and technological cooperation, improve the ability of scientific and technological innovation of both sides, let the scientific research subjects of the bay area help Portugal's scientific and technological development, and enhance Portugal's scientific and technological position in the EU. From the perspective of the Belt and Road Initiative, combined with the basic situation and cooperation of China, especially Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau, and the development of science and technology in Portugal, this article explores the technological fields, policy measures that are suitable for scientific and technological cooperation between the two sides, and puts forward corresponding suggestions to contribute to the technological development of China, Portugal and the global economic and social sustainable development.

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