scholarly journals The Nonlinear Causal Relationship Between Environmental Regulation and Technological Innovation—Evidence Based on the Generalized Propensity Score Matching Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Guan-Yu Zhang ◽  
Rong Guan ◽  
Hui-Juan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Product Innovation ◽  
Process Innovation ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Generalized Propensity Score

The existing research on testing Porter’s hypothesis has not considered the selective bias in the sample when establishing a model. However, the selective bias is likely to cause instability of estimation results and reduce the reference value of conclusions. This article, based on individual enterprises in the China Industrial Enterprise Database, aims to verify the selective bias existing in previous research. Then, using the generalized propensity score matching method, a frontier method in the field of causal inference, we re-examined the causal relationship between environmental regulation and two types of technological innovation, weakened endogenous and reverse causal effects, and obtained a more complete and accurate dynamic impact of environmental regulation on the level of technological innovation for enterprises. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) The influence of environmental regulation on the level of process innovation has two dimensions: time and intensity, and the causal relationship between these dimensions changes from an N shape to an inversed-U shape over time. (2) The influence of environmental regulation on product innovation levels only includes the intensity dimension, and the two produce a U shape. (3) Process innovation and product innovation, to a certain extent, are reflected in the intriguing situation that they cannot gain and lose at the same time. (4) Light industries have a lower tolerance of environmental regulation than heavy industries, and they are more likely to be stimulated by environmental regulation. The conclusions of this paper can provide valuable advice to governments in relation to the formulation of environmental policies and laws.

scholarly journals A two-dimensional propensity score matching method for longitudinal quasi-experimental studies: A focus on travel behavior and the built environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 239980832098230
Author(s):  
Haotian Zhong ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Marlon G Boarnet
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Matching Method

The lack of longitudinal studies of the relationship between the built environment and travel behavior has been widely discussed in the literature. This paper discusses how standard propensity score matching estimators can be extended to enable such studies by pairing observations across two dimensions: longitudinal and cross-sectional. Researchers mimic randomized controlled trials and match observations in both dimensions to find synthetic control groups that are similar to the treatment group and to match subjects across before- and after-treatment periods. We call this a two-dimensional propensity score matching method. This method demonstrates superior performance for improving treatment effect estimation based on Monte Carlo evidence. A near-term opportunity for such matching is identifying the treatment effect of transportation infrastructure on travel behavior.

scholarly journals The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Technological Innovation of Resource-Based Industries

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqing Li ◽  
Huaping Sun ◽  
Dang Khoa Tran ◽  
Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Product Innovation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Process Innovation ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The development of the resource-based industry has obvious negative externality, and the government’s environmental regulation on the resource-based industry will force the technological innovation of the resource-based industry. This paper selects the panel data of 12 resource-based industries in China from 2003 to 2019 and tests the impact of environmental regulation on technological innovation of resource-based industries by constructing the econometric model. The results show that environmental regulation can promote the technological innovation of resource-based industries. Specifically, environmental regulation has no significant positive impact on the immediate product innovation of 12 resource-based industries in China, but it has a significant positive impact on the product innovation lagging behind one period and two periods. Environmental regulation has no significant impact on the process innovation of current period, but has a significant positive impact on the process innovation of lagging one period. Industrial scale has a significant positive impact on product innovation of resource-based industries. The input of scientific and technological activity personnel has a significant positive impact on the product innovation of current period, and in the long run, it promotes both product innovation and process innovation. On this basis, this paper puts forward the relevant measures and suggestions for the formulation of environmental regulation policies. The government departments should subdivide the resource-based industries, formulate environmental rules and policies by classification, encourage industrial enterprises to carry out technological innovation, reasonably implement fiscal and taxation policy tools and increase the investment in R&D funds, and improve the training mechanism of scientific and technological personnel.

Cooperative R&D and Technological Innovation Performance between Enterprises: An Empirical Analysis Based on the 2019 World Bank Survey of Kazakhstani Enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (58) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akan Nurbatsin
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Cooperative Research ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
The Impact

Kazakhstani companies have a long-standing problem of low technological innovation performance. With the increasing complexity of technology research and development and the continuous increase of costs and risks, cooperative research and development between enterprises has become one of the important ways of corporate innovation. This article is based on the World Bank 2019 Survey Data of Kazakhstani companies, the propensity score matching method and the generalized propensity score matching method are used to investigate the impact of inter-firm cooperative R&D decisions and the intensity of inter-firm cooperative R&D on the technological innovation performance of enterprises. The research results show that compared with not carrying out cooperative R&D between enterprises, carrying out cooperative R&D among enterprises can significantly improve the technological innovation performance of enterprises; only when the intensity of cooperative R&D between enterprises is at a relatively low level, increasing cooperative R&D between enterprises can significantly improve the technological innovation performance of enterprises, and when the intensity of cooperative R&D is too high, it will not effectively improve the technological innovation performance of enterprises.

scholarly journals USING PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHING METHOD TO ESTIMATE THE IMPACT OF VIETGAP PROGRAM ON THE HEALTH OF FARMERS IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE, VIETNAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (5B) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Trần Huỳnh Bảo Châu
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>Abstract:</strong></p><p>This study estimates the impact value of the VietGAP program when applied to vegetable production on the health of farmers in Thua Thien Hue province. By employing the propensity score matching (PSM) method, our findings show that the VietGAP program has a significant impact on farmers’ health. In particular, the program reduces farmers’ health problems due to pesticide exposure by 15.6 %, 22.9 %, 25.5 %, and 23.6 %, respectively, from four types of matching. This study provides evidence of the positive impacts of the VietGAP program on the health status of farmers in Thua Thien Hue province. It is therefore hoped that the production, consumption, and management solutions provided by the VietGAP program can encourage farmers to use environment-friendly agricultural practices.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>propensity score matching (PSM) method, VietGAP program, farmers’ health</p>

scholarly journals Impact Evaluation of Raskin Program using Matching Method: Case of IFLS 5

JEJAK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-223
Author(s):  
Endiarjati Dewandaru Sadono
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Indonesia Family Life Survey ◽  
Small Benefit ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Beras untuk Keluarga Miskin (RASKIN) program has been applied since 1998 and has been renamed as Beras Sejahtera (RASTRA) in early 2017, but their effectiveness is still debatable. This study tries to evaluate the impact of RASKIN program on household income. Using data from 3,745 households in Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 that has been estimated using propensity score matching, this study has identified precisely that RASKIN program has a negative and significant effect on household income. This happens because the benefits that reveived by Rumah Tangga Sasaran (RTS) are very small. The small benefit is affected by the amount of rice received, frequency and price that have been paid to get RASKIN is not in accordance with the guidelines. The result of this study is along with previous studies, where the amount and price of rice that distributed through RASKIN program is not exactly correct. Therefore, there must be a change in program format, not just renaming from RASKIN to RASTRA only.

scholarly journals EFEITOS DO PROGRAMA TERRITÓRIOS DA CIDADANIA SOBRE INDICADORES ECONÔMICOS E SOCIAIS DOS MUNICÍPIOS DE MG: uma abordagem de mensuração com métodos de pareamento

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 551
Author(s):  
Henrique Dantas Neder ◽  
Tiago Camarinha Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Impact Measurement ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
The Impact

Resumo: O artigo tem o objetivo de medir o efeito do Programa Territórios da Cidadania no Estado de Minas Gerais, com um modelo de estimação com base no método Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Assim, analisa os problemas de medição de impacto do programa, de forma didática, com o propósito de apresentar a metodologia de avaliação de programas governamentais baseada no pareamento de indivíduos com características semelhantes. Conclui que existem evidências de que no período de vigência do programa, os indicadores de aumento do produto da agropecuária foram afetados positivamente, em termos causais, pelo programa Territórios da Cidadania.Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento territorial, avaliação de políticas públicas, métodos de pareamento, avaliação de impactos. TERRITORIAL PROGRAMS EFFECTS OF CITIZENSHIP ON SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF MG CITIES: an measuring approach with pairing methods Abstract: The paper has the objective of measuring the impact of the Brazilian governmental with a program called Territórios da Cidadania in the state of Minas Gerais. An estimation model was constructed on the basis of the Propensity Score Matching method (PSM). Thus, analyzes the program's impact measurement problems in a didactic way, in order to present the methodology for evaluating government programs based on the pairing of individuals with similar characteristics. Concludes there are evidences that for the period analyzed, the indicators of rural product were positively affected by the program.Key words: Territorial development, public policies evaluation, pairing methods, impact evaluation.

scholarly journals Evaluating the effect of diabetes on the prognosis of gastric cancer using a propensity score matching method

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 999-1008
Author(s):  
Lili Sheng ◽  
Hui Peng ◽  
Yang Pan ◽  
Chengci Wang ◽  
Yiping Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Matching Method

Propensity score matching analysis of the survival outcome and toxicity of different treatment modalities for the elderly nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e23029-e23029
Author(s):  
Mingyu Tan ◽  
Mei Feng ◽  
Yecai Huang ◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Survival Outcome ◽  
Bone Marrow Suppression ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Matching Method

e23029 Background: With the aging society was coming, more elderly nasopharyngeal carcinoma NPC patients should be pay attention. However, no guideline is proposed for them due to lack of prospective clinical trials. We aimed to use propensity score matching method to evaluate the survival outcome and toxicity of the different treatment modalities for them. Methods: II-IV(UICC 8th) elderly NPC patients (≥65 years) were retrospectively enrolled between 2004 to 2016 in our center. All the patients received definitive IMRT, and were allocated into radiotherapy only (RT), concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed with CCRT (NACT). Cisplatin-based chemotherapy was used. Survival outcomes and toxicity were analyzed using propensity score-matching method. Results: There were 142 patients included, and the median age was 68 years. The median follow-up time was 47 months. 23 patients received RT only, 61 patients received CCRT and 58 patients received NACT. After matching for gender, age, T and N stage, chemotherapy and non-chemotherapy patients (22 pairs) were analyzed and shown the chemotherapy group had a better OS (86% vs 68%, p= 0.031). The 3-years LRFS, DMFS and DFS of chemotherapy and non-chemotherapy was 95% and 85% ( p= 0.251), 95% and 86% ( p= 0.307), 86% and 73% ( p= 0.309). Furthermore, 41 pairs who underwent chemotherapy were sub-analyzed according to different modalities. CCRT group showed a comparable 3-years LRFS (100% vs 94%, p= 0.143), DMFS (87% vs 89%, p= 0.608), DFS (81% vs 84%, p= 0.892) and OS (79% vs 66%, p= 0.080) with NACT. For acute toxicity, the incidence of G3-5 bone marrow suppression in non-chemotherapy was significantly lower than chemotherapy group (8.7% vs 36.4%, p= 0.31), and the incidence of G3-5 mucositis was similar ( p= 0.517). Besides that, there was no significant difference in the incidence of G3-5 bone marrow suppression and mucositis between CCRT and NACT group ( p= 0.824, p= 0.618). Conclusions: Chemoradiotherapy could improve the survival rate of the elderly NPC patients compared with radiotherapy only. The acute toxicity of CCRT and NACT was similar and acceptable. CCRT was still the standard treatment modality for them. As for the elderly NPC patients who are in good performance status and comorbidity conditions, NACT might be also worthy of recommendation.

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