Improving Mechanical Textile Recycling by Lubricant Pre-Treatment to Mitigate Length Loss of Fibers

Although there has been some research on how to use short fibers from mechanically recycled textiles, little is known about how to preserve the length of recycled fibers, and thus maintain their properties. The aim of this study is to investigate whether a pre-treatment with lubricant could mitigate fiber length reduction from tearing. This could facilitate the spinning of a 100% recycled yarn. Additionally, this study set out to develop a new test method to assess the effect of lubricant loading. Inter-fiber cohesion was measured in a tensile tester on carded fiber webs. We used polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 aqueous solution as a lubricant to treat fibers and woven fabrics of cotton, polyester (PES), and cotton/polyester. Measurements of fiber length and percentage of unopened material showed the harshness and efficiency of the tearing process. Treatment with PEG 4000 decreased inter-fiber cohesion, reduced fiber length loss, and facilitated a more efficient tearing process, especially for PES. The study showed that treating fabric with PEG enabled rotor spinning of 100% recycled fibers. The inter-fiber cohesion test method suggested appropriate lubricant loadings, which were shown to mitigate tearing harshness and facilitate fabric disintegration in recycling.

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Evaluation of the Scott bond test method

Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal ◽

10.3183/npprj-2012-27-02-p231-236 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 231-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Christer Fellers ◽

Sören Östlund ◽

Petri Mäkelä

Keyword(s):

Tensile Test ◽

Total Energy ◽

High Speed ◽

Test Methods ◽

Test Method ◽

The Other ◽

High Speed Photography ◽

Tensile Tester ◽

Delamination Resistance ◽

Energy Consuming

Abstract The Scott bond test is the most commonly used test method for quantifying the delamination resistance of paper and board. The objective of this investigation was to validate the hypothesis that the Scott bond value would be dominated by the total energy under the force elongation curve in a z-directional tensile test. The investigation comprised three types of hand sheets with comparatively low strength values. Three test methods were used to obtain the energy for delamination: 1) Z-test, a z-directional tensile test, 2) Scott bond test, and 3) Simulated Scott bond test, a Scott bond type of test performed in a hydraulic tensile tester. The test data were expressed as a correlation between the failure energy obtained from the Z-test and the other two tests. The results showed that the Scott bond test gave slightly higher values than the Z-test for the weakest paper, but that the value tended to be much higher for the stronger papers. On the other hand the Simulated Scott bond test tended to give lower values than the Z-test. High speed photography was used to reveal several energy consuming mechanisms in the Scott bond test that can explain why this test gave higher values than the Ztest. The lower values from the Simulated Scott bond values are more difficult to explain. At this stage we can suggest that the failure mechanism is different if the paper is delaminated by pure tension or by a gradual delamination as in the Scott bond test.

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Woven Fabrics Behavior in Pure Shear

Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics ◽

10.1177/155892501501000405 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 155892501501000 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

željko Penava ◽

Diana šimić Penava ◽

Marija Nakić

Keyword(s):

Shear Force ◽

Pure Shear ◽

Vertical Displacement ◽

Woven Fabrics ◽

Woven Fabric ◽

Axial Component ◽

Shear Properties ◽

Relative Extension ◽

Tensile Tester ◽

High Degree

Shear behavior is one of the most important mechanical characteristics that contributes to the performance and appearance of woven fabrics. Because of anisotropy, shear properties of woven fabric are tested in various directions. This research is focused on the experimental study of shear properties of plain woven fabric when shear force acts on specimens that are cut at different angles to the direction of the weft. Tests were conducted on woven fabric specimens that were fastened in two parallel clamps of the tensile tester. Five cotton woven fabrics of different weft density and of the same warp density were used. The research results show a very high degree of correlation between shear force and its axial component for all directions of the cutting specimen, and likewise between the relative extension of the diagonal of the specimen and the vertical displacement of the specimen. The initial shear modulus of woven fabrics was determined experimentally and theoretically.

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Fiber length reduction during injection molding

10.1063/1.5084845 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Elmar Moritzer ◽

Gilmar Heiderich ◽

Andre Hirsch

Keyword(s):

Injection Molding ◽

Fiber Length ◽

Length Reduction

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Orthogonal Analysis on Mechanical Properties of Basalt–Polypropylene Fiber Mortar

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13132937 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 2937

Author(s):

Huimin Chen ◽

Chunyan Xie ◽

Chao Fu ◽

Jing Liu ◽

Xiuli Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Volume Content ◽

Fiber Length ◽

Content Volume ◽

Polypropylene Fiber ◽

Basalt Fiber ◽

Test Method ◽

Test Results ◽

Fiber Volume

Orthogonal test method was applied to analyze the strength properties of basalt-polypropylene mortar. The effect of basalt fiber length, polypropylene fiber length, basalt fiber volume content and polypropylene fiber volume content on the 28 d cube compressive strength and flexural strength were investigated. Test results show that comparing with flexural strength, the influence of basalt fiber length and polypropylene fiber length on compressive strength of mortar was greater than on flexural strength. The length of polypropylene fibers contributes the highest to the flexural strength. The effect of basalt fiber on mortar strength is the largest with 6 mm length and 4% content. Polypropylene fiber length has the greatest influence on the compressive strength of fiber mortar, followed by basalt fiber volume content. Volume content of polypropylene fiber has the greatest influence on flexural strength of fiber mortar, followed by polypropylene fiber length. According to the scoring of the efficacy coefficient method, the best ratio combination for compressive and flexural strength was the basalt fiber length of 9 mm, polypropylene fiber length of 6 mm, basalt fiber volume content of 4% and polypropylene fiber volume content of 4%. Compared with the blank samples, the 28 d compressive strength and 28 d flexural strength of the cement mortar samples were increased by 27.4% and 49% respectively. According to the test results, the properties of the fiber were analyzed and evaluated and the mechanism of fiber action and fiber microstructure were analyzed.

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