scholarly journals Modeling and Prefeasibility Management, and Conservation Strategies for Fuentetoba Springs, (Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10131
Author(s):  
Eugenio Sanz ◽  
Pablo Rosas ◽  
Ignacio Menéndez-Pidal ◽  
Joaquin Sanz de Ojeda
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Karst Spring ◽  
Spring Hydrograph ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Ecological Flow ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Groundwater Reserves ◽  
Management And Conservation ◽  
Runoff Model

The efficacy of various catchment and management schemes in the regulation of the Fuentetoba karst spring (Spain) was evaluated by using its groundwater reserves. This regulation of the spring would simultaneously serve to increase the reliability of the drinking-water supply to Soria (Spain), develop the ecological flow of the river that has its source in that spring, and improve the environmental needs and requirements by managing the flow of a remarkable natural waterfall at its source. Speleological explorations have been essential in designing a pumping system in the drainage conduit of the spring located 400 m upstream of it and 45 m below the level of the aquifer drainage. For the evaluation of the viability of the interannual regulation, the hydraulic dynamics of the spring were analyzed by calculating the inputs and outputs of water to the system with the application of a precipitation–runoff model that was used to simulate the pumping effects in the spring hydrograph. The results indicated that the aquifer presented a high guarantee of having a flow for the supply for the environment. This study can be applied to other springs, and may be useful in sustainably managing any aquifer.

scholarly journals Diversity and composition of plant species in the forest over limestone of Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape, Bohol, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbert Aureo ◽  
Tomas Reyes ◽  
Francis Carlo Mutia ◽  
Reizl Jose ◽  
Mary Beth Sarnowski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Accumulation Curve ◽  
Representative Species ◽  
Special Area ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Area Of Concern ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Management And Conservation

Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape (RSPL), considered the last frontier within the Central Visayas region, is an ideal location for flora and fauna research due to its rich biodiversity. This recent study was conducted to determine the plant species composition and diversity and to select priority areas for conservation to update management strategy. A field survey was carried out in fifteen (15) 20 m x 100 m nested plots established randomly in the forest over limestone of RSPL from July to October 2019. Three hundred and sixty eight (368) species of plants were identified up to species level. This represented 327 angiosperms, one gymnosperm and 40 pteridophytes. Common plant families with more than 10 representative species were Moraceae, Meliaceae, Lauraceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae, Phyllanthaceae, Annonaceae, Araceae and Lauraceae. There were 93 (28%) endemic and 46 (14%) threatened species (vulnerable to critically endangered) observed. The cluster analysis and species accumulation curve suggests that plant species are not homogeneously distributed which implies that different management and conservation strategies should be implemented across RSPL. These results not only indicate the importance of RSPL, but also highlights areas with higher diversity and concentration of threatened and endemic species as a special area of concern. Furthermore, areas with high biodiversity value were recommended for immediate protection, while areas with low biodiversity value were recommended for reforestation programmes using species with high importance value.

scholarly journals Energetic optimization and evaluation of a drinking water pumping system: application at the Rassauta station

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 472-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bouach Ahcene ◽  
Benmamar Saadia
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Regulation Model ◽  
The City

Abstract The energy overconsumption at drinking-water pumping stations creates considerable energy losses. For this reason we have developed an NNGA tool of pumping management which optimizes the consumed energy by the pumping system with respect to the hydraulic functioning conditions in the distribution tank. This tool includes two models: a forecasting model for drinking water demand based on artificial neural networks and an optimization model using genetic algorithms. The results of the NNGA tool were compared with two pumping plans: the plan based on the pumping regulation model, and the plan used by the company of water and sewage of the city of Algiers. The analysis result was done with the help of performed indicators that we have developed and which enable the evaluation and diagnosis of the energetic function's system.

Assessing the seasonal variability of shallow underground waters quality from a volcanic – sedimentary formation during El Niño event in Panama

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Luis Miranda Montenegro ◽  
Ana Garcia ◽  
Raizha Batista ◽  
Obdulia de Montilla ◽  
Arkin Tapia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
El Niño Event ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Groundwater Reserves

Abstract Providing drinking water to growing populations has become a worldwide concern. Therefore, in many countries some groundwater reserves are now being used to supply drinking water in remote urban areas. The state of these groundwater reserves is strongly influenced by the local geological conditions. Furthermore, climate change has caused a decrease in the periodicity of environmental conditions such as rainfalls, a key driver in replenishing these reserves. In 2019, the weak El Niño event affected the rainfall pattern, as well as physical and chemical quality of shallow ground waters in Panama. Within this study, the northwestern central region of Panama groundwaters have been systematically characterized during El Niño 2018 – 2019 event. Our results indicate that changes in values of physicochemical parameters such as alkalinity, pH and conductivity are related to changes in the amount of rainfall reported in the region starting from dry season (DS) to the rainy season (RS). Chloride was recorded as an indicator of anthropogenic activity and/or the effect of human populations on specific sites in the aquifer recharge zones. Lead (Pb2+), Zinc (Zn2+), Manganese (Mn2+), and Copper (Cu2+) concentrations in the groundwater were evaluated during the DS and RS 2019. Recorded data indicates sub – lethal concentrations of Pb2+, Zn2+, Mn2+ were associated to changes in alkalinity values of groundwater during the DS. While during the RS, a decrease in pH values favored the dissolution of Cu2+ and Zn2+. Our findings suggest that seasonal rainfall deficits modify shallow underground water alkalinity and pH values, inducing the redissolution of Pb2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Cu 2+and exposing populations to sub – lethal concentrations of those microelements.

scholarly journals New records of Hippocampus patagonicus Piacentino & Luzzatto, 2004 (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) from the coast of Paraná, southern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1822
Author(s):  
Luci F. Pereira ◽  
Rosana B. Silveira ◽  
Vinícius Abilhoa
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Incidental Capture ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Trawl Fishery ◽  
Shrimp Trawl ◽  
Management And Conservation

Abstract: The seahorse Hippocampus patagonicus (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) is the southernmost occurring species of its genus in the South Atlantic Ocean. Its distribution seems to be restricted to the Southwestern Atlantic, along the coasts of Argentina and Brazil. Herein we report the incidental capture of six individuals as bycatch in the shrimp trawl fishery off the coast of Paraná, southern Brazil. Additional information on the geographic distribution of H. patagonicus, together with its ecology and life history, is important for conservation of this threatened species. These data can promote the development of appropriate management and conservation strategies for populations along the Brazilian coast. 

scholarly journals The interplay between habitat structure and chemical contaminants on biotic responses of benthic organisms

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Mayer Pinto ◽  
Miguel G Matias ◽  
Ross A Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Structure ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Benthic Organisms ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Management And Conservation ◽  
Insight Into

Habitat structure influences the diversity and distribution of organisms, potentially affecting their response to disturbances by either affecting their ‘susceptibility’ or through the provision of resources that can mitigate impacts of disturbances. Chemical disturbances due to contamination are associated with decreases in diversity and functioning of systems and are also likely to increase due to coastal urbanisation. Understanding how habitat structure interacts with contaminants is essential to predict and therefore manage such effects, minimising their consequences to marine systems. Here, we manipulated two structurally different habitats and exposed them to different types of contaminants. Effects of contamination and habitat structure interacted, affecting species richness. More complex experimental habitats were colonized by a greater diversity of organisms than the less complex habitats. These differences disappeared, however, when habitats were exposed to contaminants, suggesting that contaminants can override effects of habitats structure at small spatial scales. These results provide insight into the complex ways that habitat structure and contamination interact and the need to incorporate evidence of biotic responses from individual disturbances to multiple stressors. Such effects need to be taken into account when designing and planning management and conservation strategies to natural systems.

scholarly journals Reproduction of Megapitaria squalida (Bivalvia: Veneridae) in the Southeast Gulf of California, Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Álvarez-Dagnino ◽  
Apolinar Santamaría-Miranda ◽  
Manuel García-Ulloa ◽  
Andrés Martín Góngora-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Oocyte Size ◽  
Spawning Activity ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Management And Conservation ◽  
Clam Population ◽  
Resting Period

Bivalves reproductive cycle varies according to the particular environmental conditions where they are found, and these reproductive details represent basic information for their capture, management and conservation strategies. With this objective, the reproductive cycle of the clam Megapitaria squalida, inhabiting the Southeast of the Gulf of California (Altata Bay, Sinaloa, Mexico), was studied using histology and changes in the number and size of oocytes, from June 2013 to June 2014. Histological analysis of the gonads showed spawning activity throughout the year, with two peaks. The first was registered in October and it was accompanied by the highest decrease of weight; the second was in February with the highest percentage of spawning population; besides, a resting period was observed in December. The sex-ratio (female:male) of the clam population was 1.08:1 (χ2 = 5.72, d.f. = 1, P < 0.05). Mean oocyte size and number were different (P < 0.05) among all sampling months and fluctuated from 34.6 ± 5.8 µm in June 2014, to 41.9 ± 6.8 µm in February 2014, and from 443.8 ± 424.5 in February 2014, to 1 214.4 ± 267.6 counted in April, respectively. With these results we suggest a protection season from October to November, when the most intense release of gametes occur in this population.

scholarly journals ARTISANALLY LANDED ELASMOBRANCHS ALONG THE COAST OF RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Lagares Franco Araujo ◽  
Catarina Amorim Lopes ◽  
Vanessa Bettcher Brito ◽  
Luciano Neves dos Santos ◽  
Márcio Luiz Vargas Barbosa-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Artisanal Fishing ◽  
Sphyrna Lewini ◽  
Galeocerdo Cuvier ◽  
Fishing Strategies ◽  
Settlement Site ◽  
Elasmobranch Species ◽  
Management And Conservation ◽  
Cabo Frio

ABSTRACTConsidering the knowledge gap regarding elasmobranch species landings, this study aimed to report elasmobranch catches from artisanal fisheries to obtain baseline data in this regard. Samplings were carried out from 2016 to 2019 at three artisanal fishing colonies located in Rio de Janeiro, Tamoios, in Cabo Frio, Itaipu, in Niterói, and Copacabana, in the metropolitan rgeion of Rio de Janeiro, A trust relationship was built with the fishers, enabling ample data collection. A total of twenty-two species from twelve families were identified at all sample sites, comprising 10 sharks and 12 rays. Although Tamoios, in Cabo Frio, is home to an upwelling phenomenon, the highest richness concerning oceanic elasmobranchs was observed at Copacabana,, which is a part of Guanabara Bay, reinforcing the significant biodiversity of this bay and the importance of its recovery for elasmobranch management and conservation strategies. In addition, many specimens belonging to different species sampled at this site were juvenile, while three spinner shark females (Carcharinus brevipinna) with mature oocytes were also noted (indicating a possible strategic reproduction and juvenile settlement site for several of the landed species. The presence of many species presenting different vulnerability degrees regarding conservation and endemism, especially for the South Atlantic, reinforces the importance of this type of assessment. In addition, four keystone elasmobranch species previously observed throughout the Southeastern coast of Brazil are reported herein, , further indicating the importance of future assessments concerning elasmobranch fisheries monitoring in Brazil. In addition, artisanal fishing colonies may also act as research collaborators, as they display the potential to enable fishing strategies that allow the population, including researchers, to access a considerable portion of the elasmobranch diversity present throughout the coast of Rio de Janeiro. ResumoConsiderando a lacuna de conhecimento em relação aos desembarques de espécies de elasmobrânquios, este estudo teve como objetivo relatar as capturas de elasmobrânquios através da pesca artesanal para obter dados de base a esse respeito. As amostragens foram realizadas de 2016 a 2019 em três colônias depesca artesanal localizadas no Rio de Janeiro, Tamoios, em Cabo Frio, Itaipu, em Niterói e Copacabana, na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. Um total de vinte e três espé cies de doze famílias foi identifi cado em todos os locais da amostra, incluindo 10 tubarões e 12 raias. Embora Tamoios, emCabo Frio, sofra os efeitos de um fenômeno de ressurgência, a maior riqueza relativa a elasmobrânquios oceânicas foi observada em Copacabana, que faz parte da Baía de Guanabara, reforçando a biodiversidade signifi cativa dessa baía e a importância de sua recuperação para estratégias de manejo e conservação de elasmobrânquios. Além disso, muitos espécimes pertencentes a diferentes espécies amostradas neste local eram juvenis, como tubarões martelo (Sphyrna lewini), tigre (Galeocerdo cuvier), mako Isurus oxyrinchus), seis fêmeas de cações frango (Rhizoprionodon lalandii) contendo embriões ou oocitos e três fêmeas de tubarão-rotador (Carcharinus brevipinna) com oócitos maduros, indicando um possível local estratégico de reprodução e assentamento juvenil para várias espécies desembarcadas. A presença de muitas espécies apresentando diferentes graus de vulnerabilidade em relação à conservação e endemismo, especialmente para o Atlântico Sul, reforça a importância desse tipo de avaliação. Além disso, quatro de seis espécies-chave de elasmobrânquios, ou seja, espécies que apresentam um impacto extremamente alto em um ecossistema específi co em relação à sua população e críticas para a estrutura e função gerais de um ecossistema, anteriormente observadas na costa sudeste do Brasil, são relatadas aqui, a saber Galeocerdo cuvier, Sphyrna lewini, S. zygaena e Zapteryx brevirostris, indicando ainda a importância de futuras avaliações sobre o monitoramento da pesca de elasmobrânquias no Brasil.Palavras-chave: Biodiversidade; Tubarões e raias; Pesca artesanal.

scholarly journals Shark-diving tourism as a financing mechanism for shark conservation strategies in Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel MS Vianna ◽  
Mark G Meekan ◽  
Abbie A Rogers ◽  
Marit E Kragt ◽  
James M Alin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Important Contributor ◽  
Financing Mechanism ◽  
Shark Conservation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Management And Conservation

This study estimated the economic value of the shark-diving industry in Semporna, the most popular diving destination of Malaysia, by surveying the expenditures of diving tourists and dive operators through the region. A willingness-to-pay survey was also used to estimate the potential of the industry as a financing mechanism for enforcement and management of a hypothetical shark sanctuary. The study showed that in 2012, shark-diving tourism provided direct revenues in excess of USD 9.8 million to the Semporna district. These economic benefits had a flow-on effect, generating more than USD 2 million in direct taxes to the government and USD 1.4 million in salaries to the community. A contingent valuation analysis indicated that implementation of a fee paid by divers could generate over USD 2 million for management and enforcement of a shark sanctuary each year. These findings suggest that shark diving is an important contributor to the economy of the Semporna region that could be used as a mechanism to assist financial resourcing for management and conservation strategies.

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