scholarly journals Soil Nutrient and Vegetation Diversity Patterns of Alpine Wetlands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6221
Author(s):  
Muyuan Ma ◽  
Yaojun Zhu ◽  
Yuanyun Wei ◽  
Nana Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Vegetation Biomass ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
The Relationship

To predict the consequences of environmental change on the biodiversity of alpine wetlands, it is necessary to understand the relationship between soil properties and vegetation biodiversity. In this study, we investigated spatial patterns of aboveground vegetation biomass, cover, species diversity, and their relationships with soil properties in the alpine wetlands of the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. Furthermore, the relative contribution of soil properties to vegetation biomass, cover, and species diversity were compared using principal component analysis and multiple regression analysis. Generally, the relationship between plant biomass, coverage, diversity, and soil nutrients was linear or unimodal. Soil pH, bulk density and organic carbon were also significantly correlated to plant diversity. The soil attributes differed in their relative contribution to changes in plant productivity and diversity. pH had the highest contribution to vegetation biomass and species richness, while total nitrogen was the highest contributor to vegetation cover and nitrogen–phosphorus ratio (N:P) was the highest contributor to diversity. Both vegetation productivity and diversity were closely related to soil properties, and soil pH and the N:P ratio play particularly important roles in wetland vegetation biomass, cover, and diversity.

scholarly journals Soil Macropores Affect the Plant Biomass of Alpine Grassland on the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zheng ◽  
Ning Chen ◽  
Can-kun Zhang ◽  
Xiao-xue Dong ◽  
Chang-ming Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Alpine Regions ◽  
Growth Space

Macropores are an important part of soil structure. However, in alpine regions, the effects of soil macropores on soil properties and vegetation growth are not clear. We used the X-ray computed tomography (CT) method to obtain 3D images and visualize the distribution and morphology of soil macropores. By combining principal component analysis (PCA) and stepwise regression methods, we studied the relationships between soil macropores and both soil properties and vegetation growth in three types of grassland [alpine degraded steppe (ADS), alpine typical steppe (ATS), and alpine meadow steppe (AMS)] on the Tibetan Plateau. More tubular and continuous macropores occurred in the soil profiles of the AMS and ATS than in that of the ADS. In addition, the AMS soil had the highest macropore number (925 ± 189), while the ADS soil had the lowest macropore number (537 ± 137). PCA and correlation analysis suggested that macroporosity (MP) has significant positive correlations with the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP) and total phosphorus (TP) (p < 0.05). The two parameters with the greatest influence on aboveground and belowground biomass were the shape factor (p < 0.05) and MP (p < 0.05), respectively. However, there was no significant correlation between plant diversity and soil macropores. We conclude that the irregularity of soil macropores restricts the growth space of roots and causes plants to sacrifice the accumulation of aboveground biomass for that of roots to find suitable sites for nutrient and water absorption.

Effects of plateau pika activities on seasonal plant biomass and soil properties in the alpine meadow ecosystems of the Tibetan Plateau

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feida Sun ◽  
Wenye Chen ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Yimin Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Plateau Pika

scholarly journals Effects of Small Gaps on the Relationship Among Soil Properties, Topography, and Plant Species in Subtropical Rhododendron Secondary Forest, Southwest China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenghua Tang ◽  
Wenxuan Quan ◽  
Chaochan Li ◽  
Xianfei Huang ◽  
Xianliang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Closed Canopy ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The secondary forests have become the major forest type worldwide, and forest gap was also a common small disturbance in secondary forests. We aimed to analyze the effects of small gap disturbance on the plant species richness of subtropical secondary forest with natural regeneration barriers and examine the relationship between soil topography and plant species in a subtropical Rhododendron secondary forest of the Baili Rhododendron National Nature Reserve. Methods: The major plant species and soil topography gradient factors of the small gaps and closed canopy (control group) were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, multivariate permutational analysis of variance, nonmetric multi-dimensional scaling, random forest, canonical correspondence analysis, redundancy analysis, and a generalized linear model. Results: Small gaps had significant impact on the distribution of soil available potassium (AK), organic carbon to total phosphorus (C/P) ratio rather than slope position for soil pH and calcium (Ca) under closed canopy. Soil pH and AK followed by total phosphorus (TP) were the most important variables explaining the spatial distributions of soil properties in both habitats. Determining the spatial distribution of individual woody plant species were soil pH in small gaps, instead of lower altitude, TP, total potassium (TK) and sodium (Na) concentrations for both habitats. Moreover, Ericaceae and Fagaceae were strongly associated with pH in the small gaps. However, there was soil Na for the herbaceous plant in the closed canopy. The species richness of woody plant species in small gaps was affected significantly by pH, soil water content (SWC), and TK, instead of soil organic carbon (SOC), SWC and C/P ratio in both habitats. Conclusions: Small gaps were not always significantly improved the composition of soil nutrients, but provided a good microenvironment for plant growth, species richness of major woody plant differed between habitats.

scholarly journals The role of soil types on the relation between individual soil properties and Fusarium wilt expression in 'Gros Michel' bananas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Segura Mena ◽  
Jetse J. Stoorvogel ◽  
Jorge A. Sandoval F.
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Disease Expression ◽  
Race 1

Abstract Aims This study looks whether the response of soil management (liming and nitrogen fertilization) on the incidence of Fusarium wilt (Foc Race 1) in Gros Michel banana (Musa AAA) is influenced by soil types. Methods The effect of inoculation with Foc Race 1 was studied in a factorial greenhouse trial with eight representative soil types of the Costa Rican banana region, two pH levels; and three levels of N-fertilization. After an 8-week period, plant biomass, leaf area, and a disease index were measured.Results There were significant effects of soil pH and N, and their interactions on disease expression. Low pH levels and high N-fertilization increased the disease expression. The response to changes in soil pH and N-fertilization differed considerably between the different soil types. Conclusions Although soil pH and N influence Fusarium wilt in banana, each soil type differs in its response to these soil properties. This complicates the development of standard soil management strategies in terms of e.g., N-fertilization and liming to mitigate or fight the disease.

scholarly journals Effects of Soil Properties on K Factor in the Granite and Limestone Regions of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Man Liu ◽  
Guilin Han ◽  
Xiaoqiang Li ◽  
Shitong Zhang ◽  
Wenxiang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Karst Region ◽  
Ecological Problem ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
K Factor

Soil erosion has become a serious ecological problem in many catchments. Soil erodibility K factor can be estimated based on a series of soil properties, however, the identification of dominant soil properties that affect K factor prediction at different soil types has been little concerned. In this study, 3 soil profiles from the Jiulongjiang River Catchment (JRC) of granite region in Fujian province and 18 soil profiles from the Chenqi Catchment (CC) of karst region in Guizhou province were selected. Soil properties, including soil particle size distribution, soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil organic nitrogen (SON) content, and soil pH, were determined, and the K factors were estimated in the erosion productivity impact calculator (EPIC) model. The soils in the granite region were characteristic for coarse texture, low SOC and SON, and strong acidity compared with limestone soils. Although the K factors in both regions ranged from 0.009 to 0.018, they were overestimated in limestone soils due to frequent soil aggregation, which enhanced soil permeability, hence reduced soil erodibility. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) and structural equation model (SEM) showed that (1) K factor estimation in the soils of the granite region mainly depended on soil texture, of which silt was the most important factor; (2) while K factor in limestone soils was mainly controlled by soil organic matter (SOM) content, other soil properties, including soil pH, clay and silt contents, could indirectly affect prediction of K factor by affecting SOM accumulation.

A comparison of biodiversity–ecosystem function relationships in alpine grasslands across a degradation gradient on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuexia Wang ◽  
Shikui Dong ◽  
Ruth Sherman ◽  
Quanru Liu ◽  
Shiliang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Ecosystem Function ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Plant Functional Groups ◽  
Alpine Grasslands ◽  
C And N

To examine biodiversity–ecosystem function relationships in alpine grasslands of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, we compared differences in plant species and functional group diversity (sedges, grasses, legumes and non-leguminous forbs) to aboveground biomass, soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools and soil loss in five sites that ranged from healthy to severely degraded grasslands. Plant diversity decreased from 36 species in the healthy grassland to 15 species in the severely degraded grassland, and the plant functional groups changed from predominantly grasses and sedges to mostly forbs as the level of degradation increased. Plant biomass and soil pools of C and N decreased whereas soil loss and the amount of bare ground increased across the degradation gradient from healthy to severely degraded grasslands. Simple linear regressions showed strong positive relationships between species diversity and aboveground biomass of sedges, grasses and legumes and between soil C and N pools, but negative relationships between species diversity and non-leguminous forbs and soil loss. Our results provide strong evidence that plant diversity in grasslands on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau is positively related to primary productivity, C and N storage in soils and soil conservation, and that grassland degradation is impairing ecosystem function resulting in a loss in ecosystem services.

scholarly journals Remediation of Soil Polluted with Cd in a Postmining Area Using Thiourea-Modified Biochar

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7654
Author(s):  
Yanfeng Zhu ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
Fu Chen ◽  
Ruilian Yu ◽  
Gongren Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Remediation Of Soil

Cadmium presence in soil is considered a significant threat to human health. Biochar is recognized as an effective method to immobilize Cd ions in different soils. However, obtaining effective and viable biochar to remove elevated Cd from postmining soil remains a challenge. More modifiers need to be explored to improve biochar remediation capacity. In this investigation, pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of poplar-bark biochar (PBC600) and thiourea-modified poplar-bark biochar (TPBC600) on Cd speciation and availability, as well as on soil properties. Our results showed that the addition of biochar had a significant influence on soil properties. In the presence of TPBC600, the acid-soluble and reducible Cd fractions were transformed into oxidizable and residual Cd fractions. This process effectively reduced Cd bioavailability in the soil system. Compared to PBC600, TPBC600 was more effective in improving soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N), available potassium (AK), available phosphorus (AP), and available sulfur (AS). However, this improvement diminished as incubation time increased. Results of Pearson correlation analysis, multivariate linear regression analysis, and principal component analysis showed that soil pH and available phosphorus played key roles in reducing the available cadmium in soil. Therefore, TPBC600 was shown to be an effective modifier that could be used in the remediation of soil polluted with Cd.

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