Remediation of Soil Polluted with Cd in a Postmining Area Using Thiourea-Modified Biochar

Cadmium presence in soil is considered a significant threat to human health. Biochar is recognized as an effective method to immobilize Cd ions in different soils. However, obtaining effective and viable biochar to remove elevated Cd from postmining soil remains a challenge. More modifiers need to be explored to improve biochar remediation capacity. In this investigation, pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of poplar-bark biochar (PBC600) and thiourea-modified poplar-bark biochar (TPBC600) on Cd speciation and availability, as well as on soil properties. Our results showed that the addition of biochar had a significant influence on soil properties. In the presence of TPBC600, the acid-soluble and reducible Cd fractions were transformed into oxidizable and residual Cd fractions. This process effectively reduced Cd bioavailability in the soil system. Compared to PBC600, TPBC600 was more effective in improving soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N), available potassium (AK), available phosphorus (AP), and available sulfur (AS). However, this improvement diminished as incubation time increased. Results of Pearson correlation analysis, multivariate linear regression analysis, and principal component analysis showed that soil pH and available phosphorus played key roles in reducing the available cadmium in soil. Therefore, TPBC600 was shown to be an effective modifier that could be used in the remediation of soil polluted with Cd.

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Key soil parameters affecting the survival of Panax notoginseng under continuous cropping

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85171-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wumei Xu ◽

Fengyun Wu ◽

Haoji Wang ◽

Linyan Zhao ◽

Xue Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Principal Component ◽

Panax Notoginseng ◽

Soil Parameters ◽

Continuous Cropping ◽

Poor Growth ◽

Available N ◽

The Poor ◽

Replant Problem

AbstractNegative plant-soil feedbacks lead to the poor growth of Panax notoginseng (Sanqi), a well-known herb in Asia and has been used worldwide, under continuous cropping. However, the key soil parameters causing the replant problem are still unclear. Here we conducted a field experiment after 5-year continuous cropping. Sanqi seedlings were cultivated in 7 plots (1.5 m × 2 m), which were randomly assigned along a survival gradient. In total, 13 important soil parameters were measured to understand their relationship with Sanqi’s survival. Pearson correlation analysis showed that 6 soil parameters, including phosphatase, urease, cellulase, bacteria/fungi ratio, available N, and pH, were all correlated with Sanqi’s survival rate (P < 0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that they explained 61% of the variances based on the first component, with soil pH being closely correlated with other parameters affecting Sanqi’s survival. The optimum pH for Sanqi growth is about 6.5, but the mean soil pH in the study area is 5.27 (4.86–5.68), therefore it is possible to ameliorate the poor growth of Sanqi by increasing soil pH. This study may also help to reduce the replant problem of other crops under continuous cropping since it is widespread in agricultural production.

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Soil Nutrient and Vegetation Diversity Patterns of Alpine Wetlands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13116221 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 6221

Author(s):

Muyuan Ma ◽

Yaojun Zhu ◽

Yuanyun Wei ◽

Nana Zhao

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Principal Component ◽

Vegetation Diversity ◽

Vegetation Biomass ◽

Relative Contribution ◽

The Relationship

To predict the consequences of environmental change on the biodiversity of alpine wetlands, it is necessary to understand the relationship between soil properties and vegetation biodiversity. In this study, we investigated spatial patterns of aboveground vegetation biomass, cover, species diversity, and their relationships with soil properties in the alpine wetlands of the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. Furthermore, the relative contribution of soil properties to vegetation biomass, cover, and species diversity were compared using principal component analysis and multiple regression analysis. Generally, the relationship between plant biomass, coverage, diversity, and soil nutrients was linear or unimodal. Soil pH, bulk density and organic carbon were also significantly correlated to plant diversity. The soil attributes differed in their relative contribution to changes in plant productivity and diversity. pH had the highest contribution to vegetation biomass and species richness, while total nitrogen was the highest contributor to vegetation cover and nitrogen–phosphorus ratio (N:P) was the highest contributor to diversity. Both vegetation productivity and diversity were closely related to soil properties, and soil pH and the N:P ratio play particularly important roles in wetland vegetation biomass, cover, and diversity.

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Improvement of Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Soil Properties by Growing Different Green Crops

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v12i2.21729 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 34-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ashim Kumar Saha ◽

Apu Biswas ◽

Abdul Qayyum Khan ◽

Md. Mohashin Farazi ◽

Md. Habibur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Soil Health ◽

Critical Value ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Organic Carbon Content

Long-term tea cultivation has led to degradation of the soil. Old tea soils require rehabilitation for restoring soil health. Soil rehabilitation by growing different green crops can break the chain of monoculture of tea. An experiment was conducted at The Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI) Farm during 2008-2011 to find out the efficiency of different green crops on the improvement of soil properties. Four green crops such as Guatemala, Citronella, Mimosa and Calopogonium were grown to develop the nutritional value of the degraded tea soil. Soil samples were collected and analyzed before and at the end of experiment. Soil pH was increased in all four green crops treated plots with the highest increase in Citronella treated plots (from 4.1 to 4.5). Highest content of organic carbon (1.19%) and total nitrogen (0.119%) were found in Mimosa and Calopogonium treated plots, respectively. Concentration of available phosphorus, calcium and magnesium in all green crops treated plots were above the critical values, while available potassium content was above the critical value in Guatemala, Citronella and Mimosa treated plots. Changes in soil pH and available potassium were significant, while changes in organic carbon content, total nitrogen and available calcium were insignificant. Changes in available phosphorus and magnesium were significant. The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 34-38

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IMPACT OF AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS ON SOIL EROSION PROCESSES AND SOIL PROPERTIES ON HILLY LANDSCAPE IN WESTERN LITHUANIA

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management ◽

10.3846/16486897.2015.1054289 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 60-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Gintaras JARAŠIŪNAS ◽

Irena KINDERIENĖ

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Soil Texture ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Erosion Processes ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

The Impact

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different land use systems on soil erosion rates, surface evolution processes and physico-chemical properties on a moraine hilly topography in Lithuania. The soil of the experimental site is Bathihypogleyi – Eutric Albeluvisols (abe–gld–w) whose texture is a sandy loam. After a 27-year use of different land conservation systems, three critical slope segments (slightly eroded, active erosion and accumulation) were formed. Soil physical properties of the soil texture and particle sizes distribution were examined. Chemical properties analysed for were soil ph, available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (N). We estimated the variation in thickness of the soil Ap horizon and soil physico-chemical properties prone to a sustained erosion process. During the study period (2010–2012) water erosion occurred under the grain– grass and grass–grain crop rotations, at rates of 1.38 and 0.11 m3 ha–1 yr–1, respectively. Soil exhumed due to erosion from elevated positions accumulated in the slope bottom. As a result, topographic transfiguration of hills and changes in soil properties occurred. However, the accumulation segments of slopes had significantly higher silt/clay ratios and SOC content. In the active erosion segments a lighter soil texture and lower soil ph were recorded. Only long-term grassland completely stopped soil erosion effects; therefore geomorphologic change and degradation of hills was estimated there as minimal.

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Spatial mapping of soil properties in Konkan region of India experiencing anthropogenic onslaught

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0247177 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. e0247177

Author(s):

Ram Ratan Verma ◽

Tapendra Kumar Srivastava ◽

Pushpa Singh ◽

B. L. Manjunath ◽

Anil Kumar

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Management Practices ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Spatial Mapping ◽

Available N ◽

Management Zones ◽

Mean Values ◽

Wide Range ◽

Fe And Mn

Soils of Indian Konkan region, part of ecologically sensitive Western Ghats have been subjected to anthropogenic activities of late. This has endangered the ecological security through conspicuous losses in topsoil quality. The rationale of the present study was to map the soil properties and create management zones for ensuring food and nutritional security. The study was conducted in South Goa district of the state of Goa located in Konkan region. A total of 258 geo-referenced soil samples were collected and analyzed for pH, EC, SOC, available N, P, K and DTPA extractable micronutrients viz., Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn. Soil pH was found to be in acidic range. A wide variability existed in SOC content ranging from 0.12–5.85%. EC was mostly neutral with mean value 0.08±0.37 dSm-1, while available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) varied in range from 56.4–621.6 kg ha-1, 0.5–49.7 kg ha-1 and 31.5–786.2 kg ha-1 with mean values 211.2±76.9, 8.4±8.2 and 202.3±137.6 kg ha-1, respectively. A wide range was exhibited by cationic DTPA extractable Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn with mean values, 0.22±0.30, 0.44±0.60, 7.78±5.98 and 7.86±5.86 mg kg-1, respectively. Soil pH exhibited significant positive correlation with EC, AP AK and Zn and negative correlation with Fe and Cu. SOC exhibited significantly correlated with AN, AP, AK, Zn and Fe. Geo-statistical analysis revealed J-Bessel as best fit semivariogram model for pH, AP and AK; Rational Quadratic for EC, SOC, Zn and Mn; Hole effect for AN; Stable for Cu and K-Bessel for Fe for their spatial mapping. Four principal components showed eigenvalues more than one and cumulative variability of 59.38%. Three distinct soil management zones showing significant variation in soil properties were identified and delineated for wider scale management of soils. Precision nutrient management based on spatial variation and their mapping would enable refined agricultural and environmental management practices in the region.

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Cystatin C Is an Important Biomarker for Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2019/1706964 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Xubin Yang ◽

Qiongyan Lin ◽

Xiaoshan Li ◽

Lin Wu ◽

Wen Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Autonomic Dysfunction ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction ◽

Pearson Correlation Analysis ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Background. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction is closely related to increased mortality in patients with diabetes. Previous studies have proved that cystatin C (CysC) is an important predictor of both peripheral neuropathy and cardiovascular events. However, whether CysC is also associated with cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between CysC and cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients without renal dysfunction. Methods. A total of 161 type 2 diabetic patients with normal serum creatinine (less than 133 μmol/l) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) higher than 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 were recruited in our study. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction was determined by heart rate variability (HRV) measured by a 24-hour Holter monitor. Serum CysC was tested by particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay, and subjects were divided into three groups based on the tertiles of CysC. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the association between different indexes, and the association of CysC with HRV indexes was assessed by multivariate linear regression analysis. Results. The HRV parameters were lower in the group with the highest CysC concentration than in the groups with lower levels of CysC (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed a negative relationship between CysC and the HRV parameters, including SDNN (r=−0.31, P<0.001), SDANN (r=−0.25, P=0.002), and logLF (r=−0.18, P=0.023). Furthermore, multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that CysC was independently correlated with SDNN (β=−24.11, P=0.015) and SDANN (β=−19.88, P=0.047) after adjusting for the confounding factors of gender, age, blood pressure, body mass index, eGFR, and hemoglobin A1c. Conclusions. Serum CysC levels are associated with cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction; furthermore, CysC may be a reliable and convenient biomarker for detecting cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction.

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Woodchip biochar with or without synthetic fertilizers affects soil properties and available phosphorus in two alkaline, chernozemic soils

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.1139/cjss-2015-0094 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 96 (4) ◽

pp. 472-484 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

J.A. Surani Chathurika ◽

Darshani Kumaragamage ◽

Francis Zvomuya ◽

Olalekan O. Akinremi ◽

Donald N. Flaten ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

P Fractions ◽

Olsen P ◽

Synthetic Fertilizers ◽

Biochar Amendment

Fertility enhancement with biochar application is well documented for tropical acidic soils; however, benefits of biochar coapplied with synthetic fertilizers (SFs) on soil fertility are not well documented, particularly for alkaline chernozems. We examined the short-term interactive effects of woodchip biochar amendment with fertilizers on selected soil properties, available phosphorus (P), and P fractions of two alkaline Chernozems from Manitoba. Treatments were (1) urea and monoammonium phosphate fertilizers, (2) biochar at 10 g kg−1, (3) biochar at 20 g kg−1, (4) biochar at 10 g kg−1with fertilizers, (5) biochar at 20 g kg−1with fertilizers, and (6) a control. Treated soils were analysed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and Olsen P concentration biweekly, and for P fractions, cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic carbon (OC), and wet aggregate stability after 70 d of incubation. Biochar amendment without fertilizers significantly increased soil pH and CEC but had no effect on EC, while coapplication with fertilizers significantly increased Olsen P and labile P concentrations. When coapplied with fertilizers, biochar did not significantly increase soil pH relative to the control. Results suggest that biochar improved soil properties and available P in alkaline Chernozems, and the beneficial effects were enhanced when coapplied with SFs.

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Relationship between Particulate Matter (PM10) and Airway Inflammation Measured with Exhaled Nitric Oxide Test in Seoul, Korea

Canadian Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1155/2020/1823405 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Juwhan Choi ◽

Jae Kyeom Sim ◽

Jee Youn Oh ◽

Young Seok Lee ◽

Gyu Young Hur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Airway Inflammation ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Exhaled Nitric Oxide ◽

Healthy People ◽

Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis

Purpose. Particulate matter (PM) is increasing every year in Asia. It is not fully understood how the airway is affected when inhaling PM. We investigated the correlation between particulate matter with a diameter of less than 10 μm (PM10) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) to determine whether PM causes airway inflammation. Material and Methods. We analyzed patients who visited our outpatient clinic and tested FeNO from January 2016 to December 2017 at the Korea University Guro Hospital. PM10 data were provided by the government of the Republic of South Korea, and measuring station of PM10 is located 800 meters from the hospital. We analyzed the correlation between PM10 and FeNO by a Pearson correlation analysis and by a multivariate linear regression analysis. To identify the most correlated times, we analyzed the correlation between the FeNO and PM10 daily average from the day of visit to 4 days before visit. Results. FeNO positively correlated with PM10 at two days before hospital visit in the Pearson correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.057; P-value = 0.023) and in the multivariate linear regression analysis (B = 0.051, P-value = 0.026). If the PM10 increased by 100 μg/m3, the FeNO result was expected to rise to 8.3 ppb in healthy people without respiratory disease. Conclusion. The positive correlation was found in both healthy people and asthmatic patients. Therefore, PM10 can increase airway inflammation.

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Professional Ethics Relationship with Patient’s Rights Charter Observance among Nurses and Midwives

Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery ◽

10.32598/jhnm.32.1.2106 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 10-19

Author(s):

Marzieh Bagherinia ◽

◽

Leila Mohamadkhani Shahri ◽

Samaneh Sabet Birjandi ◽

Mansooreh Tajvidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression ◽

Work Experience ◽

Professional Ethics ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multivariate Linear Regression ◽

Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Income Status ◽

Patient’S Rights ◽

Nurses And Midwives

Introduction: Respect for patients’ rights and observance of professional ethics standards improves medical services that will have an essential role in promoting patients’ health. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between awareness of patient’s rights charter and professional ethics with patient’s rights charter observance. Materials and Methods: This analytical correlational study was performed on 285 staff members (196 nurses and 85 midwives) working in 2 hospitals affiliated to Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran, and 2 social security hospitals. They were selected using a stratified random sampling method. The study data were collected using the sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, awareness and observance of the patient’s rights, and professional ethics charter questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, including the independent t-test, Pearson correlation, Chi-square tests, and multivariate linear regression, were used for data analysis. Results: The Mean±SD ages of nurses and midwives were 36.2±8.3 and 37.5±7.9 years, respectively. The results also showed an association of professional ethics and awareness of patient’s rights charter with patient’s rights charter observance in both nurses (P=0.0001) and midwives (P=0.0001). Based on multivariate linear regression analysis, there were relationships between gender (B=-0.3; 95%CI; -2.0, 2.0; P=0.000), work experience (B=-0.6; 95%CI; -4.0, 3.0; P=0.000), marital and employment status (B=-3.2; 95%CI; -6.0, -0.0; P=0.045), in nurses and between job position (B=9.5; 95%CI; 5.4, 13.5; P=0.000), interest to work (B=-7.9; 95%CI; -11.5, -4.3; P=0.000), and income status (B=6.3; 95%CI; 3.3, 9.2; P=0.000), in midwives with Observance of the Charter of Patient Rights. Conclusion: It is possible to improve compliance with the charter of patient’s rights and its dimensions by strengthening the knowledge of nurses and midwives in this area and their professional ethics, which results in patient satisfaction in this area.

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Variability in soil properties influencing pigeonpea (Cajanus cajana L.) yield: a multivariate statistical analysis

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.53095.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 944

Author(s):

Rajesh N L ◽

Narayana Rao K ◽

Sathishkumar U ◽

Wali V B ◽

Basavaraj K ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Surface Soil ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Principal Component ◽

Varimax Rotation ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Rainfed Condition ◽

Available Water Content

Aims: The aim of the study was to reveal the variability in soil properties influencing pigeonpea (Cajanus cajana L.) seed yield under semi-arid rainfed condition. Methods: Soils were initially classified into series level and further these series were divided into soil-phase units. For two site years viz., 2018-19 and 2019-20, surface soil samples from each soil-phase unit were collected before sowing of pigeonpea and subsequently crop growth parameters at critical stages were recorded. Results: The principal component analysis with varimax rotation resulted in seven components for both the site years, having eigenvalues greater than one, explained more than 80% of the variability. The step wise linear regression analysis showed that the pigeonpea seed yield was linearly correlated with PC3 (p<0.01), PC4 (p<0.01) and PC7 (p<0.05) of soil properties with R2 = 0.679, during 2018-19. Whereas, during 2019-20, the seed yield was linearly correlated with PC1 (p<0.01), PC3 (p<0.01) and PC6 (p<0.05) with R2 = 0.677. In site year 1, the available P2O5, Fe, Zn, S, Cu, number of pods, surface soil moisture determined the yield. In site year 2, the available K2O, P2O5, Fe, Zn, S, clay, CEC and available water content determined the yield. All these variables together explain variability in yield.

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