scholarly journals Assessment of Microalgae Oil as a Carbon-Neutral Transport Fuel: Engine Performance, Energy Balance Changes, and Exhaust Gas Emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7878
Author(s):  
Mantas Felneris ◽  
Laurencas Raslavičius ◽  
Saugirdas Pukalskas ◽  
Alfredas Rimkus
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Microalgae Oil ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Smoke Opacity ◽  
Energy Balances

Notwithstanding the substantial progress acheved since 2010 in the attempts to realize the potential of microalgae biofuels in the transportation sector, the prospects for commercial production of CO2-neutral biofuels are more challenging today than they were in 2010. Pure P. moriformis microalgae oil was subjected to unmodified engine performance testing as a less investigated type of fuel. Conventional diesel was used as a reference fuel to compare and to contrast the energy balances of an engine as well as to juxtapose performance and emission indicators for both unary fuels. According to the methodology applied, the variation of BSFC rates, BTE, smoke opacity, NOx, HC, CO2, O2, and exhaust gas temperature on three different loads were established during compression ignition (CI) engine operation at EGR Off, 25% EGR, 18% EGR and 9% EGR modes, respectively. Simulation model (AVL Boost/BURN) was employed to assess the in-cylinder process parameters (pressure, pressure rise, temperature, temperature rise, ROHR, and MFB). Furthermore, the first law energy balances for an engine running on each of the test fuels were built up to provide useful insights about the peculiarities of energy conversion. Not depending on EGR mode applied, the CI engine running on microalgae oil was responsible for slightly higher BTE values, drastically reduced smoke opacity, higher CO2 values, and smaller O2 concentration, marginally increased NOx levels and lower total energy losses (in %) if compared to the performance with diesel fuel.

Working Characteristics of a DICI Engine by Using Water Emulsion Biodiesel Fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 1847-1851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muthe Srinivasa Rao ◽  
R.B. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Second Phase ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Smoke Opacity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels

The present experimental investigation is carried out to establish the stability, compatibility and feasibility of working characteristics of DICI engine by using Jatropha biodiesel, Pongamia biodiesel and related water emulsion biodiesels. Experiments are carried out in two phases on a DICI engine test rig which includes CI engine, electric loading device, exhaust gas analysers, and a data-acquisition system. The performance and emission characteristics of the engine are studied by using neat diesel, Jatropha and Pongamia biodiesel in the first phase, and similar experiments are conducted by water – biodiesel emulsion fuels in the second phase. The water–biodiesel emulsion fuels are prepared with the aid of a mechanical homogenizer in the proportion of 10% water, 88 % biodiesel, and 2 % surfactants (by volume). Sequentially, the stability characteristics of water–biodiesel emulsion fuels are analyzed. The results indicated that slight improvement in BTE and BSFC for water – biodiesel emulsion fuels compared to biodiesel fuels. The exhaust emissions of NOx and smoke opacity were decreased for the water biodiesel emulsion fuels as compared to respective neat biodiesel and neat diesel. CO & unburned HC emissions were slightly increased for the water biodiesel emulsion fuels compared to respective neat biodiesels and less than of neat diesel.

Effect of intake hydrogen addition on performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation

2011 ◽  
Vol 225 (8) ◽  
pp. 1919-1925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y J Qian ◽  
C J Zuo ◽  
J Tan ◽  
H M Xu
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Hydrogen Addition ◽  
Hydrogen Enrichment ◽  
Gas Recirculation

This article presents the potential of improving engine performance and pollutant emissions of a ZS195 Diesel engine by exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and intake hydrogen enrichment. The effect of EGR level and hydrogen addition on the engine performance and pollutant emissions has been investigated through detailed experiments at rated speed. The experimental results have shown that when EGR level is constant, the peak pressure and maximum rate of pressure rise increase with the increase of hydrogen addition. The intake hydrogen enrichment can reduce HC, CO, and soot level and increase NOX emission, but EGR technique can offset this effect. The combustion speed and thermal efficiency increase with the increase of hydrogen addition when EGR technique has been adopted.

scholarly journals The Effect of Biodiesel Derived from Waste Oil on Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
İbrahim Aslan Reşitoğlu ◽  
Ali Keskin
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Smoke Opacity ◽  
Ci Engines

To produce biodiesel from waste oil and use it as an alternative fuel in compression ignition (CI) engines is an efficient way to eliminate this harmful compound. In this experimental study, the effects of biodiesel derived from waste oil on emission and performance characteristics of CI engine were investigated. The production of biodiesel was realized at the condition: 9wt% acid catalyst amount, 9:1 molar ratio, 60oC reaction temperature and 120min reaction time. Biodiesel and diesel were mixed with different volumetric ratios and the properties of each blend were analyzed. Each blend was tested with a direct injection CI engine to see the effect of biodiesel on performance and emission characteristics. In conclusion, blends showed similar results in terms of performance comparing to diesel. The use of biodiesel derived from waste oil led to decrease in hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and smoke opacity up to 81.25%, 55.02% and 40.48% respectively while led to slight increase in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions in general.

scholarly journals An Experimental Study on the Performance and Emission of the diesel/CNG Dual-Fuel Combustion Mode in a Stationary CI Engine

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Jamrozik ◽  
Wojciech Tutak ◽  
Karol Grab-Rogaliński
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Ci Engine

One of the possibilities to reduce diesel fuel consumption and at the same time reduce the emission of diesel engines, is the use of alternative gaseous fuels, so far most commonly used to power spark ignition engines. The presented work concerns experimental research of a dual-fuel compression-ignition (CI) engine in which diesel fuel was co-combusted with CNG (compressed natural gas). The energy share of CNG gas was varied from 0% to 95%. The study showed that increasing the share of CNG co-combusted with diesel in the CI engine increases the ignition delay of the combustible mixture and shortens the overall duration of combustion. For CNG gas shares from 0% to 45%, due to the intensification of the combustion process, it causes an increase in the maximum pressure in the cylinder, an increase in the rate of heat release and an increase in pressure rise rate. The most stable operation, similar to a conventional engine, was characterized by a diesel co-combustion engine with 30% and 45% shares of CNG gas. Increasing the CNG share from 0% to 90% increases the nitric oxide emissions of a dual-fuel engine. Compared to diesel fuel supply, co-combustion of this fuel with 30% and 45% CNG energy shares contributes to the reduction of hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, which increases after exceeding these values. Increasing the share of CNG gas co-combusted with diesel fuel, compared to the combustion of diesel fuel, reduces carbon dioxide emissions, and almost completely reduces carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas of a dual-fuel engine.

Evaluation of Fuel Injection Strategies for Biodiesel-Fueled CRDI Engine Development and Particulate Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilendra Pratap Singh ◽  
Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Combustion Noise ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Injection Parameters ◽  
Smoke Opacity

Fuel injection parameters such as fuel injection pressure (FIP) and start of main injection (SoMI) timings significantly affect the performance and emission characteristics of a common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine. In this study, a state-of-the-art single cylinder research engine was used to investigate the effects of fuel injection parameters on combustion, performance, emission characteristics, and particulates and their morphology. The experiments were carried out at three FIPs (400, 700, and 1000 bar) and four SoMI timings (4 deg, 6 deg, 8 deg, and 10 deg bTDC) for biodiesel blends [B20 (20% v/v biodiesel and 80% v/v diesel) and B40 (40% v/v biodiesel and 60% v/v diesel)] compared to baseline mineral diesel. The experiments were performed at a constant engine speed (1500 rpm), without pilot injection and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The experimental results showed that FIP and SoMI timings affected the in-cylinder pressure and the heat release rate (HRR), significantly. At higher FIPs, the biodiesel blends resulted in slightly higher rate of pressure rise (RoPR) and combustion noise compared to baseline mineral diesel. All the test fuels showed relatively shorter combustion duration at higher FIPs and advanced SoMI timings. The biodiesel blends showed slightly higher NOx and smoke opacity compared to baseline mineral diesel. Lower particulate number concentration at higher FIPs was observed for all the test fuels. However, biodiesel blends showed emission of relatively higher number of particulates compared to baseline mineral diesel. Significantly lower trace metals in the particulates emitted from biodiesel blend fueled engine was an important finding of this study. The particulate morphology showed relatively smaller number of primary particles in particulate clusters from biodiesel exhaust, which resulted in relatively lower toxicity, rendering biodiesel to be more environmentally benign.

Comparative study on Effect of Biodiesel on CI Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 3556-3562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit R. Patil ◽  
A.D. Desai ◽  
A.D. Madavi ◽  
S.A. Kamble ◽  
S.B. Navale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Ci Engine

scholarly journals Characterization and prediction of blend properties and evaluation of engine performance and emission parameters of a CI engine operated with various biodiesel blends

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (17) ◽  
pp. 13246-13255 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sanjid ◽  
H. H. Masjuki ◽  
M. A. Kalam ◽  
S. M. Ashrafur Rahman ◽  
M. J. Abedin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Ci Engine

The present research is aimed to investigate the feasibility of using palm (PB), mustard (MB) and Calophyllum biodiesel (CB) as renewable and alternative fuels.

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