scholarly journals Impacts of Erosion on the Sustainability of Organic Olive Groves: A Case Study (Estepa Region, Southwestern Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7983
Author(s):  
Antonio Alberto Rodríguez Sousa ◽  
Carlos Parra-López ◽  
Samir Sayadi-Gmada ◽  
Jesús M. Barandica ◽  
Alejandro J. Rescia
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Olive Grove ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Organic Management ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Olive Groves

Spain has more than 2.5 M ha of olive groves, with 60% of this area (i.e., 1.5 M ha) concentrated in the region of Andalusia (Southern Spain). Assuming the socio-ecological characteristics of these crops, of which their contribution to ecosystemic services (ES) is fundamental for society, it is highly relevant to direct their management towards practices that guarantee their durability. Organic management of olive groves constitutes a multifunctional model that contributes to ensuring its sustainability and represents 2.4–3.5% of the olive grove area in Spain. Taking the Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) Estepa (Southwestern Spain) as a study model, where organic olive groves are novel, a study of the impacts of erosion on the economic, social, and environmental factors associated with this management was carried out in addition to estimating its impacts. The results showed how organic management promotes edaphic fertility, keeping the levels of diffuse pollution under the legislative limits. Although the increase in erosion has negative effects on the sustainability/durability of agricultural holdings, organic management consolidates a sustainable model that satisfies farmers’ demands. Therefore, organic farming is a model that focuses on the correct use of natural resources associated with the geographical region of study, and contributes to increasing the sustainability of olive groves.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Objectives and Concerns of Farmers to Apply Different Agricultural Managements in Olive Groves: The Case of Estepa Region (Southern, Spain)

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 366
Author(s):  
Antonio Alberto Rodríguez Sousa ◽  
Carlos Parra-López ◽  
Samir Sayadi-Gmada ◽  
Jesús M. Barandica ◽  
Alejandro J. Rescia
Keyword(s):  
Education Level ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Olive Grove ◽  
Multifunctional Agriculture ◽  
Environmental Practices ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Olive Groves

Olive groves are representative of the landscape and culture of Spain. They occupy 2.5 M ha (1.5 M ha in Andalusia) and are characterised by their multifunctionality. In recent years, socio-economic and environmental factors (i.e., erosion) have compromised their sustainability, leading farmers to abandon their farms or intensify their management. The main objective/purpose of this research was to study the drivers and concerns that condition farmers’ choice of a given olive grove management model. Taking the Estepa region as a case study (Andalusia, Spain), surveys were conducted among farmers with integrated and organic managed olive groves. The socio-economic aspects were the main objectives and concerns of the farmers with integrated olive groves. In the case of farmers with organic management, conservation objectives prevailed, and their concerns were oriented to environmental threats. The education level was a key factor in the adoption of given farm management, as it increased the level of environmental awareness. In the context of multifunctional agriculture, it would be desirable to increase this awareness of the environmental threats against olive groves, in order to provide incentives for the implementation of agri-environmental practices that would enhance the sustainability of these systems.

Environmental factors associated with nosocomial legionellosis after anti–tumor necrosis factor therapy: Case study

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 470-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Boivin ◽  
Marie-Claude Lacombe ◽  
Linda Lalancette ◽  
André Allard ◽  
Michel Bordeleau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Factor Therapy ◽  
Necrosis Factor

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Farming and Agricultural Abandonment on Beneficial Arthropod Communities Associated with Olive Groves in Western Spain: Implications for Bactrocera oleae Management

Insects ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Víctor de Paz ◽  
Estefanía Tobajas ◽  
Natalia Rosas-Ramos ◽  
José Tormos ◽  
Josep Daniel Asís ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Bactrocera Oleae ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Agricultural Abandonment ◽  
Farmland Abandonment ◽  
Organic Management ◽  
Olive Groves ◽  
Western Spain

Agricultural abandonment and intensification are among the main land-use changes in Europe. Along with these processes, different proposals have been developed to counteract the negative effects derived from agricultural intensification, including organic management. In this context, we aimed to determine how organic management and farmland abandonment affect Bactrocera oleae and its main groups of natural enemies: hymenopteran parasitoids, spiders, ants, carabids, and staphylinids. Between May and October 2018, four samplings were carried out in nine olive groves (three under organic management, three under traditional management, and three abandoned) in a rural area on the border between Spain and Portugal (Salamanca, Western Spain). Our results suggested differences between the natural enemy community composition of abandoned and organic groves, with slightly higher levels of richness and abundance in abandoned groves. We found no differences between organic and traditional groves. The managed olive groves sustained a different natural enemy community but were similarly rich and diverse compared with the more complex abandoned groves, with the latter not acting as a reservoir of B. oleae in our study area. Both systems may provide complementary habitats; however, further abandonment could cause a reduction in heterogeneity at the landscape scale and, consequently, a biodiversity loss.

scholarly journals Sustainability Issues in River Tourism: A Case Study of Ganges in Varanasi

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Tandon
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Future Expectations ◽  
The World ◽  
Natural Counterpart ◽  
The Ganges ◽  
The City

Understanding future expectations and fulfilling current demands with a view of conserving social, cultural and natural environment of a destination, can be referred to as sustainable  tourism.  Changes  in  social  and  cultural environment are identified a little early than their natural counterpart. The first two being more vocal and narrates quick reactions among its audiences. Changes in natural environment lie silent till the time they reach a visible level  of  depletion.  The  present  paper  will  highlight sustainability issues in river tourism, which is one of the significant natural resources for tourism. Understanding the dependency of tourism on rivers and highlighting its positive and negative effects of it, will be discussed in the paper. The paper is supported by a case study on „The Ganges in Varanasi‟.  The Holy Ganges is the lifeline of the city and is facing immense sustainability issues, which has  raised  questions  against  her  future  existence.  The problems  faced and  measures  taken by  various organizations,  government  bodies,  and  individuals  to protect the lifeline of the oldest living city of the world will be examined further.

scholarly journals Contribution of Agro-Environmental Factors to Yield and Plant Diversity of Olive Grove Ecosystems (Olea europaea L.) in the Mediterranean Landscape

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Alexandra D. Solomou ◽  
Athanassios Sfougaris
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Olive Grove ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Olive Groves

Olive cultivation (Olea europaea L.) is one of the most significant sources of income for agricultural areas in the Mediterranean basin, and the olive oil industry as well as the environmental protection are an important part of the Greek agricultural sector. Generalized Linear Models were applied in order to investigate the predictive strength of several biodiversity components and agro-environmental factors for yield and herbaceous plant diversity (species richness) in organic and conventional olive groves of Greece. Our study highlights an increase in yields of organic olive groves by increasing manure application and the earthworms’ density. In the conventional olive groves, yields increase by increasing soil organic matter and the application of inorganic fertilizer N. Also, the herbaceous plant species richness increases with increasing the Shannon diversity index of herbaceous plants, the field area, the application of organic fertilizer K and the manure in organic olive groves. As for the conventional ones, herbaceous plant species richness increases with the increase of the application of inorganic fertilizer N. Moreover, some plant species could be regarded as indicators of the differently managed olive groves. Conclusively, this study contributes to the integration of biodiversity conservation with ecologically sustainable agriculture and conservation of agroecosystem. Finally, it could be utilized as a decision and management tool to the scientific and agricultural community reinforcing the knowledge about the agro-environmental impact in olive grove management systems.

Development and regional planning within the decentralized administrative frame: case study (the Jordanian Experiment)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-72
Author(s):  
Mansour Safran
Keyword(s):  
Regional Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Administrative Procedures ◽  
The Way

This aims to review and analyze the Jordanian experiment in the developmental regional planning field within the decentralized managerial methods, which is considered one of the primary basic provisions for applying and success of this kind of planning. The study shoed that Jordan has passed important steps in the way for implanting the decentralized administration, but these steps are still not enough to established the effective and active regional planning. The study reveled that there are many problems facing the decentralized regional planning in Jordan, despite of the clear goals that this planning is trying to achieve. These problems have resulted from the existing relationship between the decentralized administration process’ dimensions from one side, and between its levels which ranged from weak to medium decentralization from the other side, In spite of the official trends aiming at applying more of the decentralized administrative policies, still high portion of these procedures are theoretical, did not yet find a way to reality. Because any progress or success at the level of applying the decentralized administrative policies doubtless means greater effectiveness and influence on the development regional planning in life of the residents in the kingdom’s different regions. So, it is important to go a head in applying more steps and decentralized administrative procedures, gradually and continuously to guarantee the control over any negative effects that might result from Appling this kind of systems.   © 2018 JASET, International Scholars and Researchers Association

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