scholarly journals Collaborative Learning Experiences in a Changing Environment: Innovative Educational Approaches in Architecture

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8895
Author(s):  
Ernesto Antonini ◽  
Jacopo Gaspari ◽  
Cristina Visconti
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Cultural Dynamics ◽  
Educational Tools ◽  
The Past ◽  
Methods Of Learning ◽  
Past Conditions ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The sense of uncertainty and fragility due to the effects and magnitude of global challenges we are facing (from the circumstances of the pandemic to the impacts of climate change) requires—much more than in the past—the capacity to generate a visionary and forefront design approach in the young generation, with an aim to stimulate their reaction attitude rather than providing consolidated tools from past conditions that no longer exist or will rapidly evolve. Within this general framework, we have investigated the effectiveness and impacts of experienced-based methods of learning and innovative educational tools in architecture that are aimed at shaping expertise that addresses the aspects of environment and climate change in the context of socio-cultural dynamics, real potentialities and constraints, and their transdisciplinary trajectories. We analyzed five international pioneering teaching experiences that provided the opportunity to understand the outcomes of collaborative and experiential learning processes by which the educational activities leverage dialogue between diverse communities (including academia, citizens, policymakers, and practitioners). The study outcomes show that shifting the pedagogical paradigm towards experience-based models can improve the awareness of future practitioners for the climate implications of architectural design, implement their analysis and project skills, and trigger processes of knowledge transfer and co-production at the community level. Experience-based models also allow them to better address the societal and cultural issues involved in decision making.

scholarly journals Heat Waves, the New Normal: Summertime Temperature Extremes Will Impact Animals, Ecosystems, and Human Communities

Physiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon H. Stillman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Temperature Extremes ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
New Normal ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intense Heat ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

A consequence of climate change is the increased frequency and severity of extreme heat waves. This is occurring now as most of the warmest summers and most intense heat waves ever recorded have been during the past decade. In this review, I describe the ways in which animals and human populations are likely to respond to increased extreme heat, suggest how to study those responses, and reflect on the importance of those studies for countering the devastating impacts of climate change.

scholarly journals The role of urban planning and design in responding to climate change: the Brisbane experience

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Kozlowski ◽  
Yusnani Mohd Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Qualitative Research Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the responses from the urban planning and design professions in Brisbane to the impacts of climate change and the implications of the 2011 flood. In the past decade, the ramifications of climate change have already left a scar on some of the urban regions round the world. The Australian continent has been regarded as one of the most affected regions in terms of climate change implications. The 2011 Queensland floods of historic proportion, which came after a decade of extreme drought, raised many questions about the future development of cities. For the past decades, Queensland’s economy was largely based on property-led development. The flood plain land situated along Brisbane River has been developed and overburdened with building infrastructure contributing to the magnification of the flood events. Design/methodology/approach – The research methodology is based on identification of the problem and the major objective. To address the objective, this study concentrated mainly on the use of qualitative research methods. The major qualitative research methods include literature review, qualitative analysis and observations. Brisbane, the capital of the Australian state of Queensland, has been selected as the case study area. Findings – The paper revealed strong regional and city-wide planning directives addressing climate change which has not yet been fully been translated at the local-neighbourhood level. Originality/value – This paper provides a deep insight analysis and evaluation of the design and planning measures currently used to combat the impacts of climate change.

Climate change fostered cultural dynamics of human resilience in Europe in the past 2500 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 140842 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Zhang ◽  
Qing Pei ◽  
Harry F. Lee ◽  
C.Y. Jim ◽  
Guodong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cultural Dynamics ◽  
The Past

Rethink Where and How We Build

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-36
Author(s):  
Hill and
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Building Codes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Land Use Policies ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Communities tend to learn things the hard way, reacting in the wake of disasters rather than in anticipation of them. Virtually all existing infrastructure was designed to withstand the extremes that we have experienced in the past. Historically, scientists could not project the impacts of climate change with much precision, so our existing design choices and plans for infrastructure have largely ignored the risks posed by those impacts. This chapter identifies strategies that communities and individuals can adopt now to strengthen their building practices to endure new extremes driven by a changing climate. Among other things, it analyzes how improving building codes and standards and insisting on wiser land-use policies, especially in the absence of a “no more” moment, can serve as a bulwark against the destruction that climate-fueled disasters bring.

Preparing Australian fisheries for the critical decade: insights from the past 25 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair J. Hobday ◽  
Christopher Cvitanovic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Research Management ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Fishery Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The impacts of climate change on marine fish and fisheries are evident around Australia, and responding to these challenges over the next decade is critical for continued sustainability. Recent years have seen the rise of climate and fishery research; however, looking further into the past can inform future approaches to fishery research, management and monitoring. We assess the progress over 25 years, on the basis of a set of recommendations made at the first Australian workshop addressing climate concerns for fisheries. The nine workshop recommendations are still relevant today, and although monitoring efforts have been significant and knowledge has accumulated rapidly, implementation of management and policy responses have lagged. We suggest that this is because societal and fisher awareness of climate change have lagged, in part because climate change has not been considered the most pressing issue over this time. To successfully respond to the climate-change challenges to Australian fisheries over the next decade, a concerted effort directed at a wide range of stakeholders to foster support for climate-ready fishery policies and programs is needed.

From GCMs to river flow: a review of downscaling methods and hydrologic modelling approaches

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong-yu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Hydrologic Models ◽  
Hydrologic Modelling ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The scientific literature of the past decade contains a large number of reports detailing the development of downscaling methods and the use of hydrologic models to assess the potential effects of climate change on a variety of water resource issues. This article reviews the current state of methodologies for simulating hydrological responses to global climate change. Emphasis is given to recent advances in climatic downscaling and the problems related to the practical application of appropriate models in impact studies. Following a discussion of the advantages and deficiencies of the various approaches, challenges for the future study of the hydrological impacts of climate change are identified.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE TREND OF CHANGES IN TEMPERATURE, RAINFALL AND WATER LEVEL OF THE SAI GON RIVER IN HO CHI MINH CITY

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-96
Author(s):  
Mai Thi Nguyen ◽  
Phu Le Vo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Level ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
World Bank Report ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

In a recent World Bank report showed that Viet Nam was one of the five (5) countries that are most affected by sea level rise, a consequence of climate change. Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), a Vietnam’s biggest city, is accordingly identified as a most area significantly impacted by climate change in the Mekong Delta region. For those countries affected by climate change, future studies on extent and degree of impacts as well as setting out the national strategy and measures adapting to climate change is urgently and a vital of concern. This paper will present surveyed and analyzed results of possible impacts of climate change in Ho Chi Minh City, including: changes of mean temperature over the past 30 years (1979-2008); changes of rainfall (and density) and water level at the Sai Gon River in the period of 1978-2008. In addition, some specific measures for climate change adaptation are also addressed and proposed in the context of Ho Chi Minh City.

scholarly journals Biodiversity impacts of climate change – the PRONAS software as educational tool

Web Ecology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
K. Ulbrich ◽  
O. Schweiger ◽  
S. Klotz ◽  
J. Settele
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Educational Software ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Interacting Species ◽  
Habitat Dynamics ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Awareness Raising ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract. Loss of biodiversity under climate change is on the top of European research agendas. However, there is a huge gap between the scientific and the educational communities: Only a small amount of current knowledge reaches the young generation. We faced the challenge of how to transfer results of biodiversity research to the reality of school classrooms – in a way that raises interest, awareness and motivation among students from the age of 12 to 19. We developed the educational software PRONAS (PROjections of NAture for Schools) to show how scientists handle questions about the impact of climate change on the habitats of many European species. About 50 European plant and animal species have been used to demonstrate habitat losses, habitat shifts, and mismatch of habitat dynamics of interacting species. The software was developed with a bottom-up approach, and a manual for applying the software in the classroom was written in close cooperation with teachers. We included specific elements of didactic approaches such as storylines describing future scenarios, projections and simulations of species' future climatic niches, as well as the combination of virtual and real excursions. PRONAS is freely accessible in German and English on http://www.ufz.de/pronas-lernsoftware. Feedback was given by about 100 teachers from German and other European schools at six teacher workshops and by 141 students from four German schools. While most teachers confirmed that the designed format of knowledge transfer is attractive and contributes to knowledge building and awareness raising, many students older than 16 felt under-challenged. Altogether, we found that "educational software" is a useful format for scientific outreach which is worth joint efforts of scientists and educators and which needs more support and incentives for scientists to go forward in this direction.

Biodiverse, productive, and socially just silvopastures: a solution for the Brazilian drylands

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Machado Pinheiro ◽  
Patrick Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
The Past ◽  
Suggested Strategy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Interdisciplinary Projects ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Drylands constitute more than 40% of global land and are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. In many of these drylands, livestock activities are a major form of land-use. In Brazil, the two major dryland biomes, Cerrado and Caatinga, play a key role in the country’s livestock activities. While important economically, these activities also contribute to the emission of high amounts of greenhouse gases. One suggested strategy for mitigating the impacts of climate change is the adoption of silvopastoral systems (SPS) which combine trees, pasture, and animals simultaneously on the same unit of land. Farmers in the drylands of Brazil have a long history of practicing SPS. The practice of silvopasture is relevant to both climate change and the economy, but not necessarily to the issues of biodiversity loss and economic inequality. The lack of interdisciplinarity in rural agricultural development projects in the past, such as those related to the “Green Revolution”, resulted in the aggravation of economic inequalities and biodiversity loss. The present work, focusing on the Brazilian Drylands, reviews these issues to justify the need for interdisciplinary projects considering multiple variables like soil quality, tree density, biodiversity richness, and farmers’ perception. 

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