scholarly journals Investigating the Association between Farmers’ Organizational Participation and Types of Agricultural Product Certifications: Empirical Evidence from a National Farm Households Survey in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9429
Author(s):  
Mei-Yin Kuan ◽  
Szu-Yung Wang ◽  
Jiun-Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Farm Labor ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Product Certification ◽  
Organizational Participation ◽  
Farm Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Farm Operators

Agricultural product certifications have proliferated due to the growing concerns in many countries over food safety and environmental sustainability. Encouraging farmers to self-organize was regarded as a useful tool to enhance the adoption of agricultural product certifications in Taiwan. However, previous studies solely focused on the association between membership in a production organization and single food certifications. Moreover, little is known of how different types of organizational participation could improve the adoption of agricultural product certifications. This study seeks to fill this knowledge gap by employing multinomial logistic regression model (MNL) to investigate factors affecting farmers’ decisions to participate in agricultural product certification. Special attention is paid to the role of different types of organizational participation in farmers’ choices for agricultural product certification. The study used a nationally representative sample of core farmers in Taiwan, and its results revealed evident differences in farmers’ organization types. For example, the farm operators who participate in agricultural cooperatives (co-ops) tend to use organic labels. In contrast, farm operators who participate in agricultural production and marketing groups (APMGs) tend to adopt the Traceable Agricultural Products (TAP) label. Moreover, age, education level, farming experience, farm labor, farm type, agricultural facilities, and regional location have a significant effect on farmers’ choices for participating in agricultural product certification across different models. The findings suggest that policymakers should consider these differences in the organizational operation of APMGs and co-ops and provide customized measures by promoting different types of agricultural product certifications.

Respon Padi Gogo Terhadap Residu Pupuk Organik

Agrotek ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baso Daeng
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design

<em>The rate of conversion of paddy fields and irrigation water crisis suggest to consider the development of upland rice.� Empowerment of organic-based dryland done to increase rice, as well as environmental sustainability efforts.� The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of organic fertilizer residue to upland rice in the second growing season.� Experiments using a split-split plot design.� The main plot consisted of a dosage of 50% and 100% organic fertilizer in the first growing season.� Sub plot consisted of chicken manure (20 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>), <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Centrosema</span>� <span style="text-decoration: underline;">pubescens</span> (4.3 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>) + chicken manure (10 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>), and <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Thitonia</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">diversifolia</span> (4.3 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>) + chicken manure (10 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>).� Sub-sub plot consist of Danau Gaung and Batu Tegi varieties.� The different types of fertilizer had no effect on plant productivity.� The addition of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Thitonia</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">diversifolia</span> gave a good effect on some growth variable and its resistance due pathogen attack.� Batu Tegi varieties are varieties that give the best response from an organic fertilizer.� Interaction between dosage, type of fertilizer, and varieties do not provide areal impact.</em>

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Prevalence of Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use Among Adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 398-405
Author(s):  
Takuma Ofuchi ◽  
Aye Myat Myat Zaw ◽  
Bang-on Thepthien
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Score Range

Currently, e-cigarettes are the most popular tobacco product among adolescents. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and dual use in a sample of adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand. The sample comprises 6167 students from 48 schools (grades 9, 11, and vocational year 2) who participated in the 2019 round of the Behavior Surveillance Survey. History of 11 ACEs was used to calculate a cumulative ACE score (range 0-11). Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between history of ACEs and smoking. In the sample, 7.0% reported using e-cigarettes only and 9.5% used e-cigarettes and cigarettes (dual use). After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, history of ACEs was associated with increased odds of dual use. The odds of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use was significantly greater if the adolescent had a history of ≥4 ACEs. Special attention is needed to prevent smoking of different types among those with a history of ACEs.

scholarly journals Engineering Design Process of Face Masks Based on Circularity and Life Cycle Assessment in the Constraint of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4948
Author(s):  
Núria Boix Rodríguez ◽  
Giovanni Formentini ◽  
Claudio Favi ◽  
Marco Marconi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
New Device ◽  
Engineering Design Process ◽  
Life Cycle Perspective ◽  
Different Types ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Negative Impacts

Face masks are currently considered key equipment to protect people against the COVID-19 pandemic. The demand for such devices is considerable, as is the amount of plastic waste generated after their use (approximately 1.6 million tons/day since the outbreak). Even if the sanitary emergency must have the maximum priority, environmental concerns require investigation to find possible mitigation solutions. The aim of this work is to develop an eco-design actions guide that supports the design of dedicated masks, in a manner to reduce the negative impacts of these devices on the environment during the pandemic period. Toward this aim, an environmental assessment based on life cycle assessment and circularity assessment (material circularity indicator) of different types of masks have been carried out on (i) a 3D-printed mask with changeable filters, (ii) a surgical mask, (iii) an FFP2 mask with valve, (iv) an FFP2 mask without valve, and (v) a washable mask. Results highlight how reusable masks (i.e., 3D-printed masks and washable masks) are the most sustainable from a life cycle perspective, drastically reducing the environmental impacts in all categories. The outcomes of the analysis provide a framework to derive a set of eco-design guidelines which have been used to design a new device that couples protection requirements against the virus and environmental sustainability.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic, health and lifestyle characteristics reported by discrete groups of adult dietary supplement users in Alberta, Canada: findings from The Tomorrow Project

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1238-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula J Robson ◽  
Geraldine Lo Siou ◽  
Ruth Ullman ◽  
Heather E Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Discrete Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Random Digit ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Random Digit Dialling

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the extent to which differences in sociodemographic, dietary and lifestyle characteristics exist between users of different types of dietary supplements and supplement non-users.DesignWe analysed cross-sectional data obtained from self-administered questionnaires completed at baseline by participants in The Tomorrow Project; a prospective cohort study in Alberta, Canada. Participants who used at least one type of dietary supplement at least weekly in the year prior to questionnaire completion were defined as supplement users, while the remainder were classified as non-users. Seven discrete user categories were created: multivitamins (+/− minerals) only, specific nutritional supplements only, herbal/other supplements only, and all possible combinations. Differences in sociodemographic, dietary and lifestyle characteristics between different groups of supplement users and non-users were analysed using Rao–Scottχ2tests and multinomial logistic regression.Subjects and settingSubjects were 5067 men and 7439 women, aged 35–69 years, recruited by random digit dialling throughout Alberta.ResultsSupplement use was extensive in this study population (69·8 %). Users of herbal/other supplements only, and women who used multivitamins only, tended to report dietary and lifestyle characteristics that were not significantly different from non-users. In contrast, those who reported using a combination of multivitamins, specific nutritional and herbal/other supplements were more likely than non-users to report behaviours and characteristics consistent with current health guidelines.ConclusionsDichotomizing participants as supplement users or non-users is likely to mask further differences in sociodemographic, dietary and lifestyle characteristics among users of different types of supplements. This may have implications for analysis and interpretation of observational studies.

scholarly journals Enfoque de tarjeta de puntuación para medir la sostenibilidad de cooperativas seleccionadas en la zona de West Shoa, estado regional de Oromia, Etiopía

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e3844
Author(s):  
Muthumariappan Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Competitive Strategies ◽  
Inequality Index ◽  
Score Card ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Favourable Situation

The present paper analyzed the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of cooperatives sustainability and examined the sustainability oriented competitive strategies adopted by sample cooperatives. Field survey method will be followed. Multi-stage sampling method was adopted to select study area, cooperatives and respondents. Six cooperatives and by adopting PPS 100 members were selected. The sustainability score card approach advocated by Measuring Cooperative Difference Research Network (MDCRN), Canada and Morris Inequality Index were used. The result shows that the agricultural cooperatives do have better position with economic sustainability, to some extent social sustainability, but they do not have favourable situation in environmental sustainability so that the cooperatives are located at moderate and low level of sustainability condition. With regard to comprehensive cooperative sustainability the same result is seen among sampled cooperatives. Sustainability level and ranking are in consonance with the strategies they adopted and right strategy at right time effectively is advocated.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis of Commercial Layer Production Decisions for Family Farm Operators

1973 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
G. Chris Lance
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Production Contracts ◽  
Production Growth ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Retail Prices ◽  
Farm Operators ◽  
Independent Ownership ◽  
Small Producers

Egg production in Georgia traditionally was by small producers with eggs marketed through retail stores. Beginning in the early 1960's feed millers, egg distributors and broiler integrators began shifting from broilers and other enterprises to commercial egg production. Growth of the industry through the decade of the sixties developed into two different types of production and marketing structures. Industry leaders primarily interested in selling feed, and handling eggs encouraged expansion of independent ownership of flocks by small producers. Independent producers purchased feed and started pullets at retail prices and sold eggs on a grade-yield basis to processor-distributors. Other industry leaders encouraged vertical integration by offering production contracts. Contract producers provided facilities and labor for egg production and received a fixed payment per unit from the integrator. The integrators owned the layers and provided feed, medication and supervision for flocks.

scholarly journals Actors and justifications in media debates on Arctic climate change in Finland and Canada: A network approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 000169931989090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kukkonen ◽  
Mark CJ Stoddart ◽  
Tuomas Ylä-Anttila
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Arctic Climate ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Policy Actors ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Media ◽  
Arctic Climate Change ◽  
Moral Justifications

In this paper, we examine the centrality of policy actors and moral justifications in media debates on Arctic climate change in Finland and Canada from 2011–2015. We take a network approach on the media debates by analysing relations between the actors and justifications, using discourse network analysis on a dataset of 745 statements from four newspapers. We find that in both countries, governments and universities are the most central actors, whereas business actors are the least central. Justifications that value environmental sustainability and scientific knowledge are most central and used across actor types. However, ecological justifications are sometimes in conflict with market justifications. Government actors emphasize new economic possibilities in the Arctic whereas environmental organizations demand greater protection of the vulnerable Arctic. Ecological justifications and justifications that value international cooperation are more central in the Finnish debate, whereas justifications valuing sustainability and science, as well as those valuing national sovereignty, are more central in the Canadian debate. We conclude that in addition to the centrality of specific policy actors in media debates, the use of different types of moral justifications also reflects political power in the media sphere.

Perception of Building Occupants on the use of Generating Sets

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
A.B Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Commercial Buildings ◽  
Generating Sets ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Major Bottleneck ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Quota Sampling

Poor power supply is a major bottleneck to the technological development of the country and this has forced building occupants to shift to dependence on generating sets of different types and brand which subject its users to myriad of effects. This study was aimed at assessing perception of the users of generators in buildings on the effects associated with its usage in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria. The study area was divided into core, transition and suburban residential zones. Multistage and quota sampling techniques were used to select respondents sampled in residential and commercial buildings respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyse data collected. The study showed that 50.29%, 51.19%, 45.90% of residential buildings’ respondents in the core, transition and suburban zone while 56.41%, 43.33% and 42.86% of occupants of commercial buildings in the corresponding core, transition and suburban zone indicated that hearing problem was the most physiological effect that the use of generating sets exposed them to. Cut injuries from the elcetro-mechanical components of generating sets were the most prominent injuries had by the occupants of residential buildings while irritation of the eyes during refueling was the most significant effect had by respondents in the commercial buildings. High cost of fuel and damage to electrical appliances were the most uncomfortable indicator with uncomfortability index of 0.804 and 0.776 in residential and commercial buildings respectively. The study also found that the use of generating sets had caused structional, functional and aesthetical effects on the building elements. It was recommended that there is dire need on the part of government to enhance environmental sustainability by provision of sustainable energy sources to buildings in view of the effects associated with the use of generating sets.

Analysis of Current Situation and Influence Factors for Fertilizer Application from the View of Environmental Sustainability

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 1989-1992
Author(s):  
Hai Jun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Important Condition ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Output Increase ◽  
Fertilizer Effect

Chemical fertilizer is an important agricultural product resource, is food supplier’s food. Fertilization scientific and reasonable is an important condition to stabilize output, increase output and benefit. This paper researched the factors affect quality of chemical fertilizer use correlation and econometric analyse. The result is that chemical fertilizer import quantity and fertilizer quality of one period of time delay and the price of chemical fertilizer effect fertilization differently.

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