scholarly journals Eco-Innovation Diversity in a Circular Economy: Towards Circular Innovation Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10974
Author(s):  
Ana de Jesus ◽  
Minna Lammi ◽  
Teresa Domenech ◽  
Fedra Vanhuyse ◽  
Sandro Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Innovation Studies ◽  
Policy And Strategy ◽  
Regulatory Perspective ◽  
Product Manufacturing ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Advance Knowledge

Transition to a Circular Economy (CE) is about structural change and is predicated on the introduction of transformative eco-innovation (EI). Research on the CE–EI nexus has recently attracted attention both from an analytical and regulatory perspective. However, in-depth research exploring EI dynamics within the CE is still marginal, especially concerning the trends and dynamics of the pro-CE innovation policy and strategy. This paper addresses this gap by taking advantage of the burgeoning research on CE of the last 20 years and offers a new working synthesis. By implementing a “(systematic) review of (systematic) reviews”, this paper provides a new comprehensive framework for understanding pro-circular innovation strategies and, as a complement, argues the need to advance “circular innovation studies” as an agenda in its own right. Innovations related to recycling and recovery CE strategies along with business-model innovations and systemic/transformative innovations are found to be a major current trend in the research, connecting supply and demand side innovations and also driving other forms of innovation linked to design, product manufacturing, logistics and reverse logistics and end-of-life management and recovery. Additionally, of note is that the conceptual understanding of EI dynamics within a CE is still mainly implicit (rather than explicitly discussed) limiting the possibilities to advance knowledge in the area of innovation for CE: this is why we propose a “circular innovation studies” agenda.

A Review of Aquaculture Practices and Their Impacts on Chemical Food Safety from a Regulatory Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe O Boison ◽  
Sherri B Turnipseed
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Regulatory Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
Aquaculture Industry

Abstract Aquaculture is currently one of the most rapidly growing food production industries in the world. The increasing global importance for this industry stems primarily from the fact that it is reducing the gap between the supply and demand for fish products. Commercial aquaculture contributes significantly to the economies of many countries since high-value fish species are a major source of foreign exchange. This review looks at the aquaculture industry, the issues raised by the production of fish through aquaculture for food security, the sustainability of the practice to agriculture, what the future holds for the industry in the next 10-20 years, and why there is a need to have available analytical procedures to regulate the safe use of chemicals and veterinary drugs in aquaculture.

scholarly journals Why Do Companies Pursue Collaborative Circular Oriented Innovation?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil Brown ◽  
Nancy Bocken ◽  
Ruud Balkenende
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Value Network ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Systemic Level ◽  
Advance Knowledge

We investigate why companies collaborate within the circular oriented innovation process. The purpose is to understand what motives trigger collaborative circular oriented innovation, as well as conditions, drivers and barriers. First, we define circular oriented innovation building on sustainable oriented innovation literature. Subsequently, we investigate 11 leading circular economy companies operating within the Netherlands, who developed collaborative circular oriented innovation activities. ‘Hard’ and ‘soft’ dimensions for innovation are identified and applied to delineate the drivers and barriers for collaborative circular oriented innovation. Our findings indicate that collaborations are conducted by entrepreneurially-minded actors through sharing a vision, enthusiasm, and crucially, a credible proposition for a circular economy. Furthermore, collaboration is sought early, to co-develop the problem and solution space and integrate disparate knowledge from across the value network, to mitigate increased complexity. Motives to collaborate vary between personal and organisational, and intrinsic and extrinsic levels. Collaborations start based on a relational basis between ‘CE front-runners’ to advance knowledge through experimentation. ‘Soft’ challenges to advance collaborations towards the competitive remain around culture, and the mindset to share rewards and risks. Without suitable solutions to these challenges, collaborative circular oriented innovation could remain underdeveloped within the transition towards the systemic level.

The importance of urban rainwater harvesting in circular economy: the case of Guadalajara city

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Arturo Gleason Espíndola ◽  
Fernando Cordova ◽  
Cesar Casiano Flores
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Circular Model ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
Hypothetical Scenario ◽  
The Cost

Purpose This paper aims to associate two fields of research: circular economy and the restoration of water cycle through the implementation of rainwater catchment systems in urban zones. Design/methodology/approach This study considers the case of the metropolitan zone of Guadalajara, México. This urban concentration is the second largest in Mexico. It faces floods each year with a cost of over US$26m, while demand of water has a production cost over US$24m. At the same time, the aquifers are drying due to uncontrolled urbanization and increasing the impervious area over the recharge zones. In addition, rainwater is combined with wastewater, elevating the cost of the wastewater treatment because the amount and quality of water to treat exceeds the systems’ capacity. This situation causes floods and decreases the availability of ground water. These problems are reflected in the imbalance of parameters of water cycle and a new approach is needed. The circular economy model can help to preserve one of our most vital resources. Scarcity is already so pronounced that we cannot reach many of our desired economic, social and environmental goals. Technologies that help balance supply and demand can also help water (both stock and flow) to become part of a circular model. To prove this, the authors present a hypothetical scenario based on a pilot project and a basin modeling of Guadalajara, Mexico. Findings Through this paper, it is possible to demonstrate that rainwater harvesting can play an important role in circular economy. Using the rainwater catchment systems, the cost of damages caused by floods could be decreased, the demand of water could be reduced, cost of production can be reduced, the aquifers can be recharged and the wastewater treatments can be improved. Originality/value Few papers have been developed to associate two fields of research (circular economy and the restoration of water cycle), using rainwater catchment systems as the central element.

scholarly journals On the Spatial Dimension of the Circular Economy

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Graedel ◽  
Barbara Reck ◽  
Luca Ciacci ◽  
Fabrizio Passarini
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Extraction Capacity ◽  
Resource Network ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Product Manufacturing ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Conservation Of Natural Resources

The concept of a “circular economy”, in which material in society is regarded as “a transient phase in anthropogenic resource utilization”, is a growing topic for discussion. The primary motivations for supporting a circular economy include a reduction of environmental impacts and conservation of natural resources. Australia is a vivid example of a country whose large metal extraction capacity is not balanced as it has neither an extensive product manufacturing capability nor a large domestic market. Consequently, Australia must rely on the global resource network to achieve circularity and carbon neutrality. This work illustrates this situation with quantitative material flow cycles for Australian aluminum, nickel, copper, zinc, and stainless steel, and comments on the implications of the results for Australia and for circular economy prospects more generally.

scholarly journals Supply-and-demand projections for the health workforce at a provincial level from 2015 to 2025 in Ilam, Iran

2020 ◽  
pp. 201010582094323
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bazyar ◽  
Somayeh Noori Hekmat ◽  
Sima Rafiei ◽  
Amin Mirzaei ◽  
Masoomeh Otaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Local Health

Background: Human resources are the key component of health systems. It is critical to have the right number of human resources at anytime and anywhere in the health system. This article aims to help local health decision makers to identify potential gaps between the future supply and demand of human resources and to make necessary changes in medical training processes to fill the gap. Methods: An eight-stage process was applied to project the supply and demand of health workers in Ilam province in 2025 for the following fields: public health, environmental health, general medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, nursing and midwifery. To estimate the demand for human resources, a mainly population-based model (manpower-to-population ratio) was applied. A modified version of the Australian dynamic stock and flow model was used to predict the supply of new recruits in 2025. The potential surplus or shortfall in the health workforce was calculated by comparing the supply and demand in 2025. Results: The demand and supply projections for the chosen fields were estimated respectively as: general medicine 457, 709; pharmacy 131, 86; dentistry 86, 251; nursing 949, 1657; midwifery 24, 247; public health 182, 211; and environmental health 92, 225. Conclusions: The current trend of medical graduates will meet the need for human resources in 2025, and there is no need to increase medical student admission. The Education Deputy of Ilam Medical University should take into account the health needs of its catchment area in medical educational processes and training new health-care staff.

scholarly journals Circular economy in the waste management sector

2021 ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
Gabriel Grabowski
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Closing The Loop ◽  
Waste Segregation ◽  
Multiple Challenges

The growing population and rising standards of living lead to an increase of the consumption of many goods. Reducing municipal waste which is created in that process can result in a wide range of environmental, economic, and social benefits, such as reducing pollution in water and soil, greenhouse gas emissions and loss of valuable materials. The concept to solve this problem of municipal waste due to increased consumption can be found, among others, in circular economy (CE). Circular economy can be defined as “an economic system that is based on business models which replace the ‘end-of-life’ concept with reducing, alternatively reusing, recycling and recovering materials in production/distribution and consumption processes to accomplish sustainable development” (Kirchherr, Reike, & Hekkert, 2017). A current trend in developed countries is closing the loop, moving from the concept of “end-of-pipe” waste management towards more holistic resource management (Wilson, 2007). Implementing the circular economy approach through waste management systems can pose multiple challenges while providing incentives to improve waste management infrastructure. However, this requires investments and may be perceived by many people as cost, not investment in future generations and their standard of living. The aim of this chapter is to initiate discussion on the positive aspects and barriers of circular economy development in the Polish waste management sector. In the case study described in the text, the roles of citizens, public institutions as well as enterprises are shown in selective waste collection processes as an important element of circular economy. In Poland, awareness of waste segregation and the importance of using recycled materials is not well-developed compared to many other EU countries, although this situation is beginning to gradually improve.

scholarly journals Innovative Circular Economy Models for the European Pulp and Paper Industry: A Reference Framework for a Resource Recovery Scenario

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10285
Author(s):  
Amaia Sopelana ◽  
Camille Auriault ◽  
Anurag Bansal ◽  
Karmen Fifer ◽  
Helena Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Business Model Innovation ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Reference Framework ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

According to recent literature in the field of sustainability, the circular economy (CE) appears to be a thriving opportunity for creating new businesses, although less attention has been paid to the form in which its principles fit into a comprehensive framework that enables companies to design it in a practical way. This paper presents the methodology that has been adopted to pave the way to a coherent reference framework for circular business model innovation and its outstanding design and implementation, taking into consideration the entire value and supply chain. A unique analysis of recent innovations in circular economy models is provided herein, together with an exhaustive analysis of those elements that enable or hinder their implementation. The main interactions among all those critical elements influencing how organisations innovate and operate cooperatively within a CE ecosystem are also evaluated. In addition, a study of five industrial cases in the pulp and paper industry allowed searching for industrial insights and empirical evidence of the relevance of those elements, including observation, document analysis, and interviews. Lastly, the main outcomes of this research are illustrated using the CE reference framework designed when applied to the aforementioned industrial cases, and relevant insights into future improvements are also provided.

COMPANY INNOVATION POLICY AND STRATEGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1517-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Bichurova ◽  
Petia Yordanova-Dinova
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Marketing Environment ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Policy And Strategy ◽  
Company Policy ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Definition Of

This report is aimed at clarifying the essence and specifics of company innovation policy and strategy. The two categories are shown as interpersonal and intertwined. Markets and products are the two cornerstones of company policy that binds it to the production and distribution of goods. Its success is conditioned by the introduction of novelties, the upgrading of the assortment and the analysis of the marketing environment. This combines innovation with company policy and strategy. Company innovation policy is a system of management actions for organization, management and insurance of conditions for creation, implementation and successful market realization of innovations. It is a sequence of activities in planning, organizing, developing and introducing novelties by using administrative and economic leverage to maintain a positive innovation potential. The paper also discusses the components and tools of company innovation policy.Each company develops its common strategy, which is a complex program with visions of action on the priority directions of its development. In the sphere of innovation it is connected with the ability to conduct a competitive struggle for the development and implementation of the novelties. The innovative strategy of the company is reflected in its innovation program, which is the basis for implementing the company's innovation policy. The definition of the prospects and the orientations of the strategy and policy for technological innovation and innovation activity is related to the market, production, investment, organizational, social and other spheres of development. They can be grouped into three main strategies: leadership in overall costs; product differentiation; concentration in the field of business. In connection with the elucidation of the essence the subject presents the types of innovation strategies and policy.

Circular Economy and Sustainability

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-56
Author(s):  
Berta José Costa ◽  
Susana Rodrigues ◽  
Pilar Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Unlimited Supply ◽  
A Current

In the last decades, the concern over natural resources, sustainability, and the current linear economic model based on continuous growth is one of the great challenges of our time. The assumption that there is an unlimited supply of natural resources and that the environment has an unlimited capacity to absorb waste and pollution is no longer a current trend, and growing attention has been paid to it worldwide. This chapter represents a contribution to the continuous conceptual development of circular economy and sustainability, and it also reviews how these two concepts have evolved over the past decades. An extensive literature review was conducted, employing bibliometric analysis to scrutinise the state of the art, the perspectives, the agreements and disagreements among these concepts and their correlation.

Public value of media innovation systems: Building on Stuart Cunningham's work on media industries and innovation policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1329878X2110439
Author(s):  
Indrek Ibrus
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Evolutionary Economics ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Innovation Studies ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Systems Studies

Stuart Cunningham's important contribution to media innovation studies is the work towards a unique combination of evolutionary economics and innovation systems studies with the studies of media and culture. Therein Cunningham's special contribution has been in highlighting the related novel implications for media and creative industries policy making. This essay exemplifies how some of these implications have been addressed in Estonia and how Cunningham's work can be combined with new ideas on designing value-driven innovation systems as ‘national missions’ in order to address the risks of global platformisation for media and other creative sectors.

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