scholarly journals Evaluation Model for Sustainable Development of Settlement System

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11778
Author(s):  
Alena Harbiankova ◽  
Elena Shcherbina
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Regional Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
System Development ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Practical Consideration ◽  
Settlement System ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches

Sustainability of settlement systems is of greatest relevance in political and socio-economic stability all over the world. The development effectiveness of a rural settlement system involves the solution of a number of matters in sustainable development, namely social welfare and environmental balance, economy and industry development, improving the pipeline and utility infrastructure, and improving the efficiency of the decision-making process. Currently, the sustainability of a rural settlement system is one of the key objectives in regional planning in post-Soviet countries. The introduction of new tools for assessing and managing the settlement system development is particularly true for Belarus, as a country with a strong focus on agricultural industry. The research aim was to develop and approve a model for evaluating the settlement system development. The research methods were based on the complex and interdisciplinary approaches, namely the system-element approach, the comparative analysis, spatial and mathematical modelling, factor analysis, and the cartographic analysis. The model was approved by practical consideration for evaluating the development of the analogue object at the local planning level. The practical relevance of the research is associated with the potential for using the model as a significant tool in land use planning. The model employs both quantitative and qualitative evaluation to obtain alternative solutions towards sustainable development of rural areas. Another advantage of the model is its multifunctionality, which enables: (1) sustainability evaluation of a settlement system, (2) establishment of regional planning priority areas, and (3) development of specific measures for ensuring the sustainability of a regional settlement system and its elements.

scholarly journals Historical-Genetic Features in Rural Settlement System: A Case Study from Mogilev District (Mogilev Oblast, Belarus)

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Elena Gorbenkova ◽  
Elena Shcherbina
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
System Development ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Settlement System ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Genetic Method ◽  
Genetic Features

Settlement system development is currently one of the basic objectives in land use planning, which is significant for Belarus, as it is the most urbanized country in the European region. Historical-genetic analysis is the most effective approach for studying the transformational changes in settlement systems. The research was aimed at analyzing the transformation peculiarities in the rural settlement system of Belarus. The core of the methodological basis lies in general scientific methods (systematic approach, historicism approach, historical-genetic method) and special interdisciplinary methods (cartographic analysis using GIS software). Historical-genetic analysis made it possible to identify the most significant historical periods in the formation of the rural settlement system in Belarus: pre-revolutionary, Soviet and recent. For each period, the pattern and spatial configuration of the rural settlement system were analyzed. Spatial changes in settlement pattern were highlighted: polarization, increasing the share and the population number of the “largest” settlements, the decreasing of “large” and “medium-sized” settlements and the degradation of “small” settlements. As a result, two types of rural settlement transformation were identified: “development” and “degradation”. Three ways of spatial configuration of the rural settlement system were identified: “relocation to city”, “relocation to the center of the settlement system” and “relocation to settlement”. Directions for future research are linked with conceptualizing the model of the spatial–territorial organizing of the rural settlement system.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development of Rural Territories as a Guarantor of National Security of Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Olga P. Korobova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Settlement System ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Sectoral Development

Over the past decades, in Russia has taken place destructive degradation of the rural settlement system, depopulation and complete desolation of villages, deterioration of the demographic situation, reduction of cultivated agricultural land, loss of historical and cultural heritage, while the rural areas of the country have powerful natural, demographic, economic, historical and cultural potential that, if used rationally and effectively, can ensure sustainable multi-sectoral development, full employment, highlevel and quality oflife of the rural population. Federal target programs "Social development of the village until 2013" and "Sustainable development of rural territories for 2014-2017 and for the period up to 2020" as well as "Concepts of sustainable development of rural territories of the Russian Federation for the period until 2020", aimed at a radical improvement of the socio-economic condition of villages did not bring the expected changes. The analysis of the results of their implementation makes it possible to identify the most difficult provisions to implement, to determine the causes that inhibit positive processes in the rural areas of the country, to determine the mechanism of the influence of socioeconomic and political factors on the rural settlement system, demographic situation, development of social, engineering and transport infrastructure.

INFLUENCE OF IMMOVABLE CULTURAL HERITAGE ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
Indrė Gražulevičiūtė-Vileniškė ◽  
Vilma Karvelytė-Balbierienė
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Settlement System ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The Social

Rural areas cover the largest part of the territory of Lithuania as well as that of the whole Europe. Rural settlements are also the most abundant category in the settlement system of the country. Therefore, their social, economic, and cultural viability- as well as ecologic sustainability playan important role striving towards the goals of sustainable development. During the last years projects promoting various aspects of sustainability are implemented not only in large cities and towns, but also in smaller municipalities, nevertheless many rural settlements still are not influenced by these trends. The tendency of decrease of the population of the country, emigration, migration of young and qualified persons to larger cities and towns, poverty and unemployment cause the threat to the most fragile elements of the rural settlement system, such as steadings, manor residencies and ethnographic village settlements. In order to stop these processes it is necessary to search for means to sustain the social and economic viability of rural settlements. During the last decade significant role of cultural heritage in implementing strategies of sustainable development was universally recognized. It is acknowledged that sustainable preservation, maintenance, and use of cultural heritage, especially immovable, positively influence the social, economic, cultural and even environmental dimensions of sustainable development. Sustainable development opportunities provided by immovable cultural heritage are essential for small rural settlements which are not distinguished by important natural resources or favorable location. In this instance social and cultural viability is as much essential for preservation of immovable cultural heritage of these settlements, as immovable cultural heritage is essential for sustention of their social and economic viability. Nekilnojamojo kultūros paveldo įtaka darniam kaimo gyvenamųjų vietovių vystymuisi Santrauka Didžiąją Lietuvos, kaip ir visos Europos, teritorijos dalį sudaro kaimo vietovės, o didžiąją dalį gyvenamųjų vietovių – kaimo gyvenamosios vietovės, taigi jų socialinis, eko nominis ir kultūrinis gyvybingumas bei eko loginis tvarumas atlieka lemiamą vaidmenį siekiant šalies darnaus vystymosi tikslų. Pastaraisiais metais darnų vystymąsi skatinantys projektai jau įgyvendinami ne tik didžiuosiuose Lietuvos miestuose, bet ir mažesnėse savivaldybėse, tačiau daugelio kaimo gyvenamųjų vietovių šis procesas kol kas nepaliečia. Bendro šalies gyventojų skaičiaus mažėjimo tendencija, emigracija, jaunų ir kvalifikuo tų žmonių migracija į didžiuosius šalies miestus, skurdas ir nedarbo grėsmė kelia sunykimo grėsmę patiems jautriausiems ir kultūriniu požiūriu vertingiausiems šalies kaimo gyvenamųjų vietovių sistemos elementams, tokiems kaip vienkieminės sodybos, buvusių dvarų ir palivarkų sodybos ar etnografinės kaimų gyvenvietės. Siekiant sustabdyti šiuos neigiamus socialinius, eko nominius bei kultūriniu procesus, būtina ieškoti būdų, kaip užtikrinti kaimo gyvenamųjų vietovių socialinį bei eko nominį gyvybingumą. Pastaraisiais metais pasaulyje vis aiškiau suvokiamas kultūros paveldo vaidmuo darnaus vystymosi kontekste. Visuotinai pripažįstama, jog kultūros paveldo, ypač nekilnojamojo, apsauga, priežiūra bei naudojimas turi teigiamos įtakos darniam vystymuisi socialinėje, eko nominėje, kultūrinėje ir kt. dimensijose. Nekilnojamojo kultūros paveldo teikiamos darnaus vystymosi galimybės itin reikšmingos nedidelėms, išskirtinių gamtinių išteklių neturinčioms bei patogia geografine padėtimi nepasižyminčioms kaimo gyvenamosioms vietovėms. Jų socialinis ir eko nominis gyvybingumas kultūros paveldui išsaugoti yra toks pats svarbus, kaip ir kultūros paveldas socialinio ir eko nominio šių gyvenamųjų vietovių gyvybingumo palaikymu.

scholarly journals Transformation of rural settlement and sustainability of rural development in the region

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-243
Author(s):  
Vladimir Tikhii ◽  
Olga Koreva
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Village

The current socio-economic situation in rural areas is characterized by a number of problems that hinder sustainable development. The low quality of life, the existing level and quality of life in the village, the lack of social infrastructure, the environmental situation, limited opportunities for work in the village, low incomes of the population compared to the city had a significant impact on the process of migration and deterioration of the quality of the labor force, depopulation of the rural population. In this context, the solution to the problem of rural settlement development is very relevant. The regional leadership chooses the direction of rural development without taking into account the current socio-economic situation at the municipal level and the peculiarities of rural settlement development, which reduces the effectiveness of territorial administration. The level of rural development was assessed on the example of the Orel region. The current socio-economic situation in rural areas is characterized by many problems that hinder its transition to sustainable development. The problem of depopulation of the population in rural areas is revealed. At the same time, the destruction of social and engineering infrastructure is observed, the area of cultivated land is reduced, and differences in the level of socio-economic development of the periphery, semi-periphery and suburban areas are increasing. The analysis of the differences in the socio-economic development of the municipalities of the Orel region indicates an increase in intraregional differentiation during the period under review and the absence of an effective intraregional policy aimed at reducing the existing socio-economic asymmetry within the subject of the Federation. Proposals for its solution have been developed, which should be implemented in the context of continuous monitoring of the state and development.

scholarly journals Aspects of Development of Rural Territories in the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.38) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
N. A. Shyurova ◽  
A. A. Tsarenk ◽  
I. V. Schmidt ◽  
M. E. Rubanova ◽  
O. S. Bashinskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Effective Development

Background/Objectives: The research presented in the article is devoted to the problems of rural areas development in the Russian Federation, as well as to land-use planning based on the cadastral data. The authors have analyzed the notion of rural areas, revealed several directions of sustainable development of rural areas based on the state programmes and strategies, adopted in the Russian Federation. Several particular problems (establishing the boundaries of settlements and inter-settlement territories) are presented through an example of concrete municipalities of the Saratov region. Methods: The study is based on the methods of scientific research: systemic, geoinformational and statistical method. Findings: Introduction of changes into regulatory legal acts will stimulate identification of boundaries of settlements, establishment of boundaries of the land plots, which are situated on inter-settlement territories, but have address reference points of settlements; and vice versa, the boundaries of some settlements comprise land plots, which are located on the territories of other categories. It is a difficult process of ordering of the state cadastral registration of boundaries of settlements. This process is basic and principally important for the execution of documents for strategic planning of a municipality development and, generally, for further effective development of rural territories. Applications/Improvements: Boundary delimitation of land plots, establishment of boundaries of settlements, determination of the legal status of lands will have an impact on the investment policy, which contributes to social and economic development of territories, to the development of agricultural businesses, thus attracting labour resources and raising the social standard of living of rural population. Consequently, it will lead to sustainable development of rural territories of the Russian Federation.   

scholarly journals Regional Human Settlement Environmental Ethical Features of Dayi Liu’s Manor in the Western Sichuan Plain

2021 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 04012
Author(s):  
Ziwei Luo ◽  
Wenfeng Xie ◽  
Guohua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Regional Pattern ◽  
Human Settlements ◽  
Western Sichuan ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional Settlement

Manors are the most representative human settlements in the history of Western Sichuan, with complete regional tradition and ethical order. As a protective heritage in the revitalization and development of rural areas, manors have been recognized as construction achievements for their artistic and practical references. This paper starts from the perspective of human settlement environmental ethics, focusing on the environmental ethical order between the microcosm of the residential environment of Liu’s Manor and the macrocosm of the regional pattern of the Western Sichuan Plain. The result shows that the environment characteristics of Liu’s manor, under the regional settlement pattern, actually are the images of human subjective ethical choice; gathering in an ideal environment, dispersing to the origin, and the integration of classical styles. On this basis, this study proposes a means through which to realize sustainable development in rural settlement construction in the process of modernization in China.

scholarly journals Transformation features in rural settlement system of belarus

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 729-745
Author(s):  
Elena V. Gorbenkova
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Settlement System ◽  
Spatial Reorganization ◽  
History Of

Introduction. The sustainability of the rural settlement is a key land use planning objective in the present-day socio-economic environment. This issue is particularly relevant Belarus as the most urbanized country of the European region. The retrospective analysis is the most effective tool for studying the transformational processes underway in the settlement system. The mission of this article is to study the transformation of the rural settlement pattern in Belarus. Materials and methods. The research methodology encompasses general scientific methods (a system approach, a retrospective analysis) and special transdisciplinary methods (cartographic modeling backed by GIS tools). Population census data, open-access cartographic sources and land-use planning documents were studied, as well. Results. Three periods were identified in the history of rural settlement in Belarus: pre-revolutionary (1897–1917), Soviet (1917–1991) and contemporary ones (1991–present). Within these periods, transformational processes were particularly active. A retrospective analysis of the structure and spatial organization of rural settlement processes was performed for each period. Special features of the Belarus rural settlement structure were highlighted. They include polarization, growing population shares and sizes of major rural populated areas, the “drain” of large and medium-sized populated areas, and the degradation of small ones. Conclusions. The retrospective analysis enabled the author to identify the most significant historical periods in the history of rural settlement. Any settlement transformation was mainly driven by social and political factors. By summarizing the findings, the author identified two patterns of transformation applicable to rural settlement patterns: development and degradation. Three types of spatial reorganization of rural populated areas were formulated: relocation to the city, relocation to rural populated areas, or settlement system centres, and relocation to ordinary rural populated areas. Further research undertakings will focus on conceptualizing the spatial organization model of the rural settlement system.

scholarly journals A CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FOR REGIONAL LAND USE PLANNING: LITHUANIAN EXPERIENCE / REGIONINIO TERITORIJŲ PLANAVIMO TVARAUS VYSTYMO KONCEPCIJA: LIETUVOS PATIRTIS

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulius Kavaliauskas
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Regional Planning ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Regional Land

A concept of sustainable development is a critical key for regional planning. The article deals with the methodology of sustainable land use system adopted in the documents of regional space planning in Lithuania. The structure of the concept includes determination of problem areas, formation of integrated spatial framework with localised functional priorities and regional regimes and organisation of spatial regional policy. The main spatial axes ‐ urban and nature frames, as well as recreation or conservation belts are the integrated components of sustainable spatial structure of a region. Regional policy making could be organised by constructive, conservative and temperate scenarios, what is the prerogative of regional officials. Santrauka Rengiant šiuolaikinius regioninius teritorijų planus tvaraus vystymo koncepcija pamažu įgauna esminės metodologinės nuostatos vaidmenį. Pagrindinę problemą sudaro visuotinai pripažintų, tačiau gana prieštaringų tvaraus (tausojančio ir subalansuoto) vystymo tikslų realizavimas erdviniuose regionų planuose. Ypač tvaraus vystymo idėjai taikyti trukdo nacionaliniu ir regioniniu lygmenimis išlikęs tradicinio šakinio (sektorinio), o ne integruoto sisteminio mąstymo vyravimas bei daugelio šalių teritorijų planavimui didelę reikšmę daranti strateginio (vadybinio) planavimo metodologija. Lietuvoje, remiantis naujausiu teritorijų planavimo reglamentavimu, stengiamasi įveikti minėtus trūkumus ir sukurti savitą regionų planavimo sistemą, turinčią panašumų į egzistuojančią Suomijoje. Pagrindinės planavimo nuostatos išreiškiamos regionų vystymo koncepcijoje, kurios metodologija apima probleminių arealų išaiškinimą, bendrosios funkcinės erdvinės struktūros nustatymą, funkcinių prioritetų, regioninių teritorijos tvarkymo reglamentų parengimą bei erdvinės regioninės politikos organizavimą. Kuriamos erdvinės struktūros tvarumą teritorijų harmoningos plėtros kontekste užtikrina tinkamas svarbiausių erdvinių ašių – urbanistinio ir gamtinio karkaso – santykių nustatymas, taip pat regionų bioprodukcinio, rekreacinio bei konservacinio vystymo strategijų subalansuotas lokalizavimas. Regioninė teritorijų planavimo politika formuojama pagal tris strateginius scenarijus: konstruktyvųjį, konservatyvųjį ir nuosaikųjį, kurių elementų pasirinkimas yra regionų valdžios prioritetas.

Development of entrepreneurship in valuable natural rural areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 753-770
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Slusarza ◽  
Marek Cierpial-Wolan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Synthetic Indicators ◽  
Linkage Method ◽  
Endogenous Potential ◽  
Urbanized Region

The values of the natural environment in the subject literature are commonly indicated as an asset conducive to development shaping the competitiveness of areas with such values. The paper attempts to assess the use of endogenous potential of such areas in shaping the multifunctional, sustainable development of rural areas that have such qualities. In particular, the aim was to check to what extent the sme sector, dominating in the economic structure of rural areas, solves the key problem of labour market imbalance and population migration in environmentally valuable areas. The area of detailed research is Podkarpacie, the Polish region considered as a peripheral, border region, the least urbanized region with the highest share of areas covered by various forms of nature protection and forestation, with one of the lowest gdp per capita indicator in the country. For the purpose of implementing the research assumptions, a taxonomic unit (using the complete linkage method) consisting of powiats with the highest concentration of features characteristic for rural areas of high natural values was separated. Synthetic indicators calculated on the basis of the Hellwig taxonomic development pattern method and a positional method using Weber's median were used to assess the diversity of entrepreneurship level. The research confirmed that the non-agricultural economic activity sector is less developed in areas of high natural value. Despite positive developments in the enterprise sector, their potential is too weak an economic base for addressing unsustainable labour market problems, as evidenced by high unemployment and a high negative migration balance. This limits the use of the endogenous potential of these areas and is not conducive to the concept of multifunctional, sustainable development. Migration poses a threat to the depopulation of these areas with all the negative consequences associated with such processes. This is a challenge for the studied areas and regional policy.

Renewable Energy in the East African Communitys and its Role in Sustainable Development

2018 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Liudmila Kalinichenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
East African ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
East African Community

The article analyses the role of renewable energy in the process of the development of the energy market of the East African Community (EAC) . The author underlines the necessity of finding solutions for such challenges as rising wood and charcoal prices, deforestation, lack of affordable and reliable electricity for a large number of consumers. The study reveals that nowadays the percentage of people with access to modern sources of energy is very low, varying from 7 % in Burundi to 36% in Kenya, although the EAC countries made significant progress in 2000s. Most people in rural areas rely on traditional biomass for cooking and heating, which leads to ecological and health problems. The author concludes that renewable energy development is considered by the Community as one of the prospective ways for providing energy to remote regions in view of abundant solar, wind and geothermal resources. Their strategy aims at the construction of micro and mini hydro stations, stand-alone solar PV systems and off-grids for rural population usage. The study shows that the investment in off-grid renewables has been steadily rising in recent times . Analyzing grid-connected power generation electricity, the author elicits that it is also based on renewable electricity, which accounts for 65% of the total amount. Kenya, with the highest installed capacity in this sector, is investing mainly in geothermal, solar and wind sources of energy, while the others are focusing on hydropower and solar. For the purpose of attracting private investment, the EAC partner states adopted different regulations, including Feed-in Tariff, zero-VAT and GET FIT Programme. The author assumes that renewable energy financing is one of the main challenges despite the support of different international financial institutions, such as the World Bank, UNIDO, AfDB and others. Nowadays energy efficiency measures are becoming important instruments for the EAC countries resulted in power savings. The other important trend is increasing cooperation among them due to their grid-connected power systems in the East African Power Pool. In this context, in November 2017, the EAC Partner States adopted Energy Security Policy Framework, in order to ensure the sustainable development of their energy sector.

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