scholarly journals Parking and Ride Induction Methods for Drivers in Commuting Scenes

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2176
Author(s):  
Lili Zheng ◽  
Zifang Xie ◽  
Tongqiang Ding ◽  
Jianfeng Xi ◽  
Fanyun Meng
Keyword(s):  
Probability Model ◽  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Personal Attributes ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Selection Probability ◽  
Adjustment Method ◽  
Dynamic Price ◽  
Guidance Strategies ◽  
Parking Lot

Parking and ride is a very effective method to improve the traffic condition of commuter channels, and it is necessary to develop effective parking guidance strategies. In this study, considering the travel time, walking distance, parking cruise time, parking fee, and personal attributes of drivers, a probability model of parking and ride selection in commuter scenarios was proposed, and a dynamic price adjustment method based on the equilibrium of parking occupancy in the region was constructed. The parking price was adjusted by determining the target occupancy, thus affecting the parking choice behavior to guide the commuter to park. The example analysis showed that this method adjusted the selection probability of the parking lot by using the dynamic price adjustment method from the perspective of regional parking occupancy equilibrium, solved the model by symmetric duality algorithm and formulated a reasonable parking replacement induction scheme to achieve the goal of occupancy equilibrium. Compared with parking guidance under static pricing, it can avoid the crowding of commuter vehicles into the city center effectively to reduce the congestion of commuter channels.

Predicting the direction of dynamic price adjustment in the Hong Kong hotel industry

2020 ◽  
pp. 135481662090390
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Mohammed ◽  
Basak Denizci Guillet ◽  
Rob Law ◽  
Wassiuw Abdul Rahaman
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Dynamic Pricing ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Dynamic Price ◽  
Price Increases

This study analysed dynamic pricing data of Hong Kong hotels within the last-minute 1-week booking window to determine patterns and direction of room rate changes and their association with hotel characteristics regarding tangible attributes, reputational variables and contextual factors. Findings show that room rates are more likely to increase than decrease or stay constant, and that, holding demand and market conditions constant, the likelihood of price increases (decreases), based on standard binomial probit regression, is positively (negatively) associated with size (tangible attribute), chain affiliation and star rating (reputational attributes), and seller density and location accessibility (contextual factors). These results confirm the importance of differentiation in pricing hotel rooms and indicate how hotel customers and revenue managers can combine these characteristics with predicted demand to anticipate the direction of room rate change in the last-minute booking window as the booking horizon approaches check-in.

Distance Minimization in Downtown Pedestrian Shopping

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Gärling ◽  
E Gärling
Keyword(s):  
Mental Representations ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Distance Minimization

Downtown pedestrian shopping was observed with the purpose of determining whether shoppers attempted to minimize walking distance, and, if so, whether, as has been suggested in previous research, they did that by successively choosing the closest locations. In downtown of an average-sized Swedish city (about 80000 residents), 150 shoppers were interviewed in a parking lot when they were coming back from shopping rounds. 69% of the shoppers visited more than one location, and 51% visited more than two locations. Of those who visited more than two different locations, 35 (69%) attempted to minimize walking distance. This was most frequently done by first choosing the location farthest away, then minimizing distance successively back to the parking lot. In this way shoppers probably attempted to minimize both the walking distance and the effort to carry goods. Some shoppers managed to choose routes which were shorter than if they had minimized distance successively. This finding was consistent with the results of laboratory studies demonstrating the role of maplike mental representations for distance-minimizing choices.

scholarly journals Behavior decision model for park-and-ride facilities utilization

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 168781401770890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Zhao ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Han Xia
Keyword(s):  
Waiting Time ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Personal Attributes ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Park And Ride ◽  
Driving Time ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Walking Time ◽  
Impedance Models

With the accelerated process of urbanization and traffic development, especially the urban rail transit system’s great improvement, Park-and-Ride provides an effective mode for trips between suburbs and downtown. In this research, online and field survey is carried out on the use of Park-and-Ride facilities. Analyses are conducted on personal attributes containing gender, age, and income; the travel characteristics such as driving time during departing from origin to parking lot, parking duration, transfer mode, transfer walking time and waiting time, and transfer times; Park-and-Ride users’ intentions concerned walking time, waiting time, and time looking for parking space; and reasons for Park-and-Ride trip mode not be chosen. On the basis of decomposition for travel procedures, impedance models for different trip modes including public transport, private car, and Park-and-Ride are built and then the multinomial logit model for choice probability of trip modes and Park-and-Ride demand model is established. After further analysis on the survey data, calibrations and tests for the impedance models above are performed. Finally, a case is shown to demonstrate application of the proposed model.

scholarly journals Effect of Monetary Intervention in the Frame of IS-LM Model with Dynamic Price Adjustment and Adaptive Expectations

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Szomolányi Karol ◽  
Lukáčik Martin ◽  
Lukáčiková Adriana
Keyword(s):  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Adaptive Expectations ◽  
Dynamic Price

scholarly journals A User-Oriented Adaptive-Optimal Car Parking Management System Towards Smart Livings

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
Sato Taiga ◽  
A.S.M. Bakibillah ◽  
Kotaro Hashikura ◽  
Md Abdus Samad Kamal ◽  
Kou Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Parking Spot ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Parking Management ◽  
Stay Time ◽  
Car Park ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
The Individual ◽  
User Priority

Existing parking management approaches do not consider specific requirements, priorities, user comfort, or modes of use when allocating a parking spot in a large park. As a result, vehicles carrying multiple passengers but staying for a limited period often have to drive further, searching for a parking spot, which increases fuel consumption, emissions, waste of time, and discomfort of users due to extra walking distance. In this paper, we consider the need for both sustainability and comfortable livings in a future smart city and propose an adaptive-optimal scheme that takes advantage of parking efficiency based on the passenger information and flexibly provides the optimal parking spot to the individual. We presume that the management system has information about the number of users, user priority, and expected stay time when a car arrives or a parking request is made. The best parking slot is assigned based on the available parking slots and the given objectives, such as the shortest travel distance inside the parking zone for a low pollution, the shortest walking distance per user, or a combination of both with some trade-off. The decision process is fine-tuned using parking data obtained from a model of a large car park of a shopping complex, and the results of the proposed scheme are compared with other schemes. The findings indicate that overall time spent in the parking lot, as well as individual walking and travel distances, have significantly improved.

scholarly journals Complexity Analysis of Prefabrication Contractors’ Dynamic Price Competition in Mega Projects with Different Competition Strategies

Complexity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbo Zhu ◽  
Qianqian Shi ◽  
Peng Wu ◽  
Zhaohan Sheng ◽  
Xiangyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Price Competition ◽  
Complexity Analysis ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Competition Strategy ◽  
Dynamic Price ◽  
Adjustment Strategy ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Initial Capacity

This paper considers a repeated duopoly game of prefabrication contractors in mega infrastructure projects and assumes the contractors exhibit bounded rationality. Based on the theory of bifurcation of dynamical systems, a dynamic price competition model is constructed considering different competition strategies. Accordingly, the stability of the equilibrium point of the system is discussed considering different initial market capacities, and numerical simulation is performed. The results show the system has a unique equilibrium solution when initial capacity is high and the parameters meet certain conditions. The contractors’ price adjustment strategy has an important influence on system stability. However, an overly aggressive competition strategy is not conducive to system stability. Moreover, the system is sensitive to initial parameter values.

scholarly journals Neural-Network-Based Dynamic Distribution Model of Parking Space Under Sharing and Non-Sharing Modes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4864
Author(s):  
Ziyao Zhao ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Kaifeng Ji ◽  
He Qi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
City Management ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Utilisation Rate ◽  
Urban Parking ◽  
Parking Demand

In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s automobile industry, the number of vehicles in China has been increasing steadily. Vehicles represent a convenient mode of travel, but the growth rate of the number of urban motor vehicles far exceeds the construction rate of parking facilities. The continuous improvement of parking allocation methods has always been key for ensuring sustainable city management. Thus, developing an efficient and dynamic parking distribution algorithm will be an important breakthrough to alleviate the urban parking shortage problem. However, the existing parking distribution models do not adequately consider the influence of real-time changes in parking demand and supply on parking space assignment. Therefore, this study proposed a method for dynamic parking allocation using parking demand predictions and a predictive control method. A neural-network-based dynamic parking distribution model was developed considering seven influencing factors: driving duration, walking distance, parking fee, traffic congestion, possibility of finding a parking space in the target parking lot and adjacent parking lot, and parking satisfaction degree. Considering whether the parking spaces in the targeted parking lots are shared or not, two allocation modes—sharing mode and non-sharing mode—were proposed and embedded into the model. At the experimental stage, a simulation case and a real-time case were performed to evaluate the developed models. The experimental results show that the dynamic parking distribution model based on neural networks can not only allocate parking spaces in real time but also improve the utilisation rate of different types of parking spaces. The performance score of the dynamic parking distribution model for a time interval of 2–20 min was maintained above 80%. In addition, the distribution performance of the sharing mode was better than that of the non-sharing mode and contributed to a better overall effectiveness. This model can effectively improve the utilisation rate of resources and the uniformity of distribution and can reduce the failure rate of parking; thus, it significantly contributes to more smart and sustainable urban parking management.

scholarly journals Price adjustment method and ex-dividend day returns in a different institutional setting

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis N. Asimakopoulos ◽  
Nickolaos V. Tsangarakis ◽  
Emmanuel D. Tsiritakis
Keyword(s):  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Adjustment Method

scholarly journals A Dynamic Price Game Model in a Low-Carbon, Closed-Loop Supply Chain Considering Return Rates and Fairness Concern Behaviors

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuxiang Li ◽  
Mengnan Shi ◽  
Yimin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Stable Region ◽  
Game Model ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Return Rates ◽  
Dynamic Price ◽  
Price Game ◽  
Fairness Concern ◽  
Parameter Values

In this paper, we developed a dynamic price game model for a low-carbon, closed-loop supply chain system in which (1) the manufacturer had fairness concern and carbon emission reduction (CER) behaviors, and market share and profit maximization were their objectives, and (2) the retailer showed fairness concern behaviors in market competition and provided service input to reduce return rates. The retailer recycled old products from customers, and the manufacturer remanufactured the recycled old products. The effects of different parameter values on the stability and utility of the dynamic price game model were determined through analysis and numerical simulation. Results found that an increasing customer loyalty to the direct marketing channel decreased the stable region of the manufacturer’s price adjustment and increase that of the retailer. The stable region of the system shrank with an increase of CER and the retailer’s service level, which expanded with return rates. The dynamic system entered into chaos through flip bifurcation with the increase of price adjustment speed. In the chaotic state, the average utilities of the manufacturer and retailer all declined, while that of the retailer declined even more. Changes to parameter values had a great impact on the utilities of the manufacturer and retailer. By selecting appropriate control parameters, the dynamic system can return to a stable state from chaos again. The research of this paper is of great significance to participants’ price decision-making and supply chain operation management.

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