scholarly journals Fate of Ergot Alkaloids during Laboratory Scale Durum Processing and Pasta Production

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl Tittlemier ◽  
Dainna Drul ◽  
Mike Roscoe ◽  
Dave Turnock ◽  
Dale Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ergot Alkaloid ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Food And Feed

The fate of ergot alkaloids during the milling of durum and subsequent production and cooking of pasta was examined. Durum samples containing varying amounts of ergot sclerotia (0.01–0.1% by mass) were milled, and all milling product was analyzed for 10 ergot alkaloids using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Spaghetti was prepared from the semolina obtained during milling. Ergocristine, ergocristinine, and ergotamine were the predominant ergot alkaloids observed in the milling fractions and spaghetti. Approximately 84% of the total ergot alkaloid mass of the whole grain durum resided in the milling product fractions associated with the outer kernel layers (bran, shorts, feeds). No consistent loss of ergot alkaloids was observed during the production or cooking of spaghetti. However, changes in the ratio of R- to S-enantiomers occurred during the milling and cooking of spaghetti. Products containing bran, shorts, and feeds, as well as cooked spaghetti, contained a higher proportion of the less biologically active S-enantiomers. The results of this study emphasize the need to monitor R- and S-enantiomers, and to consider food and feed products, as opposed to whole grain, when assessing any exposure of consumers to ergot alkaloids.

Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2012-2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Berthiller ◽  
P.A. Burdaspal ◽  
C. Crews ◽  
M.H. Iha ◽  
R. Krska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Mycotoxin Analysis ◽  
The Individual

This review highlights developments in mycotoxin analysis and sampling over a period between mid-2012 and mid-2013. It covers the major mycotoxins: aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids, fumonisins, ochratoxins, patulin, trichothecenes and zearalenone. A wide range of analytical methods for mycotoxin determination in food and feed were developed last year, in particular immunochemical methods and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based methods. After a section on sampling and sample preparation, due to the rapid spread and developments in the field of LC-MS/MS multimycotoxin methods, a separate section has been devoted to this area of research. It is followed by a section on mycotoxins in botanicals and spices, before continuing with the format of previous reviews in this series with dedicated sections on method developments for the individual mycotoxins.

scholarly journals OCCURRENCE OF TROPANE ALKALOIDS IN MAIZE DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF SOLANACEAE FAMILY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Petrovic ◽  
◽  
Gorica Vukovic ◽  
Tijana Stojanovic ◽  
Dušan Marinkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Tropane Alkaloids ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Maximum Residue Levels ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Residue Levels ◽  
Solanaceae Family

Tropane alkaloids are considered to be serious health hazard for humans and that their maximum residue levels in food and feed are still not established. In this paper five samples of maize collected from the local producer in 2020 have been investigated by the liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the atropine and scopolamine determination. The detected concentrations of atropine and scopolamine were extremely high (17.7-67.0 μg/kg for atropine and 2.3-10.4 μg/kg for scopolamine). The obtained results show the seriousness of the tropane alkaloids problem in maize as well as the need for monitoring and further research.

scholarly journals Determination of the Main Ergot Alkaloids and Their Epimers in Oat-Based Functional Foods by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3717
Author(s):  
Laura Carbonell-Rozas ◽  
Laura Gámiz-Gracia ◽  
Francisco J. Lara ◽  
Ana M. García-Campaña
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Sample Treatment ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Safe Procedure

An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry method is proposed for the determination of the major ergot alkaloids (ergometrine, ergosine, ergotamine, ergocornine, ergokryptine, ergocristine) and their epimers (ergometrinine, ergosinine, ergotaminine, ergocorninine, ergokryptinine, and ergocristinine) in oat-based foods and food supplements. A modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) procedure was applied as sample treatment, reducing the consumption of organic solvent and increasing sensitivity. This method involved an extraction with acetonitrile and ammonium carbonate (85:15, v/v) and a clean-up step based on dispersive solid-phase extraction, employing a mixture of C18/Z-Sep+ as sorbents. Procedural calibration curves were established and limits of quantification were below 3.2 μg/kg for the studied compounds. Repeatability and intermediate precision (expressed as RSD%) were lower than 6.3% and 15%, respectively, with recoveries ranging between 89.7% and 109%. The method was applied to oat-based products (bran, flakes, flour, grass, hydroalcoholic extracts, juices, and tablets), finding a positive sample of oat bran contaminated with ergometrine, ergosine, ergometrinine, and ergosinine (total content of 10.7 μg/kg).

scholarly journals Effective and rugged analysis of glyphosate, glufosinate, and metabolites in Tenebrio molitor larva (mealworms) using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leesun Kim ◽  
Sujn Baek ◽  
Kyungae Son ◽  
Hee-Dong Lee ◽  
Dal-Soon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Food And Feed

AbstractTenebrio molitor larva (mealworms) has recently attracted attention as a protein source for food and feed. The larva is generally fed with wheat bran, which can be possibly contaminated with glyphosate. To establish food safe standards, a rugged and effective analytical method for glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid, glufosinate, and their metabolites including 3-methylphosphinico-propionic acid, and N-acetyl glufosinate, in mealworms was optimized using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. An anionic polar pesticide column was used due to its high suitability for glyphosate. Acidified water and acetonitrile were used to extract the target compounds without contribution from various fatty and pigment interferences derived from brownish insects. Seven different clean-up procedures ((1) 50 mg C18 (2) 20 mg C18/Z-sep (3) PRiME hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) cartridge (4) 75 mg Z-sep, (5) 75 mg Z-sep+, (6) EMR-lipid cartridge, and (7) 50 mg ENVI-Carb) were compared. Due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness, PRiME HLB was selected for clean-up. The recoveries of the target compounds were ranged from 86 to 96% with < 20% relative standard deviations. Therefore, this simple and effective method can be applied for the two pesticides and their metabolites in other edible insects or high-fat matrices.

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