Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2012-2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Berthiller ◽  
P.A. Burdaspal ◽  
C. Crews ◽  
M.H. Iha ◽  
R. Krska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Mycotoxin Analysis ◽  
The Individual

This review highlights developments in mycotoxin analysis and sampling over a period between mid-2012 and mid-2013. It covers the major mycotoxins: aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids, fumonisins, ochratoxins, patulin, trichothecenes and zearalenone. A wide range of analytical methods for mycotoxin determination in food and feed were developed last year, in particular immunochemical methods and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based methods. After a section on sampling and sample preparation, due to the rapid spread and developments in the field of LC-MS/MS multimycotoxin methods, a separate section has been devoted to this area of research. It is followed by a section on mycotoxins in botanicals and spices, before continuing with the format of previous reviews in this series with dedicated sections on method developments for the individual mycotoxins.

Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2011-2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. Shephard ◽  
F. Berthiller ◽  
P.A. Burdaspal ◽  
C. Crews ◽  
M.A. Jonker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Mycotoxin Analysis

This review highlights developments in mycotoxin analysis and sampling over a period between mid-2011 and mid- 2012. It covers the major mycotoxins aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids, fumonisins, ochratoxin, patulin, trichothecenes, and zearalenone. A section on mycotoxins in botanicals and spices is also included. Methods for mycotoxin determination continue to be developed using a wide range of analytical systems ranging from rapid immunochemical-based methods to the latest advances in mass spectrometry. This review follows the format of previous reviews in this series (i.e. sections on individual mycotoxins), but due to the rapid spread and developments in the field of multimycotoxin methods by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, a separate section has been devoted to advances in this area of research.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Quantitative Determination of Different Ceramide and Diacylglycerol Species in Cultured Cells by Using Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-429
Author(s):  
Anna Somogyi ◽  
Mária Berinkeiné Donkó ◽  
Farkas Sarnyai ◽  
Gergely Becskereki ◽  
Miklós Csala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wide Range

A sensitive, reproducible reverse-phased high performance liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method with simple sample preparation was developed for the simultaneous determination of a wide range of ceramides, diacylglycerols (DAGs) in cultured cells. Chromatographic separation of the compounds was achieved in a 14-minute run using a C8 column with a gradient elution by methanol and 10 mM ammonium acetate buffer as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. Various ceramides, DAGs were detected with a triple quadrupol system in multiple reaction monitoring mode, which is based on a soft positive electrospray ionization. The usual sample preparation process was shortened by the application of pure methanol for the extraction instead of the widely used methanol/chloroform mixture. C17:0 ceramide which does not occur in the cell samples, was used as an internal standard. The sample preparation process was optimized and the methodology was tested on a human hepatocarcinoma cell culture. Our results clearly showed accumulation of some ceramides and DAGs in the cells treated with BSA-conjugated palmitate for 8 hours. Since both ceramides and DAGs are important lipid intermediates and signal messengers, alteration in their cellular levels have major impact on cell functions, and thus our novel analytic method can be widely used in lipotoxicity research. The presented technique can be further developed to measure other intermediates of ceramide synthesis and other derivatives of DAGs as well.

scholarly journals Fate of Ergot Alkaloids during Laboratory Scale Durum Processing and Pasta Production

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl Tittlemier ◽  
Dainna Drul ◽  
Mike Roscoe ◽  
Dave Turnock ◽  
Dale Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ergot Alkaloid ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Food And Feed

The fate of ergot alkaloids during the milling of durum and subsequent production and cooking of pasta was examined. Durum samples containing varying amounts of ergot sclerotia (0.01–0.1% by mass) were milled, and all milling product was analyzed for 10 ergot alkaloids using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Spaghetti was prepared from the semolina obtained during milling. Ergocristine, ergocristinine, and ergotamine were the predominant ergot alkaloids observed in the milling fractions and spaghetti. Approximately 84% of the total ergot alkaloid mass of the whole grain durum resided in the milling product fractions associated with the outer kernel layers (bran, shorts, feeds). No consistent loss of ergot alkaloids was observed during the production or cooking of spaghetti. However, changes in the ratio of R- to S-enantiomers occurred during the milling and cooking of spaghetti. Products containing bran, shorts, and feeds, as well as cooked spaghetti, contained a higher proportion of the less biologically active S-enantiomers. The results of this study emphasize the need to monitor R- and S-enantiomers, and to consider food and feed products, as opposed to whole grain, when assessing any exposure of consumers to ergot alkaloids.

High Throughput Residue Analysis of Indaziflam and its Metabolites in Palm Oil Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 1237-1242
Author(s):  
Norizah Halim ◽  
Ainie Kuntom ◽  
Raviraj Shinde ◽  
Kaushik Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

Abstract Background Indaziflam (IND) is a herbicide that is used in palm oil plantations for broad spectrum management of weeds. Until now, no validated method has been available for residue estimation of this herbicide in palm oil products. Objective In this study, we report a rapid method for the residue analysis of IND and its metabolites, viz., IND-carboxylic acid, diaminotriazine, and triazine indanone in a wide range of palm oil matrices using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Method The optimized sample preparation workflows included two options: (1) acetonitrile extraction (QuEChERS workflow), followed by freezing at −80°C and (2) acetonitrile extraction, followed by cleanup through a C18 solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge. The optimized LC runtime was 7 min. All these analytes were estimated by LC-MS/MS multiple reaction monitoring. Results Both sample preparation methods provided similar method performance and acceptable results. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of IND, IND-carboxylic acid, and triazine indanone was 0.001 mg/kg. For diaminotriazine, the LOQ was 0.005 mg/kg. The method accuracy and precision complied with the SANTE/12682/2019 guidelines of analytical quality control. Conclusions The potentiality of the method lies in a high throughput analysis of IND and its metabolites in a single chromatographic run with high selectivity and sensitivity. Considering its fit-for-purpose performance, the method can be implemented in regulatory testing of IND residues in a wide range of palm oil matrices that are consumed and traded worldwide. Highlights This work has provided a validated method for simultaneous residue analysis of indaziflam and its metabolites in crude palm oil and its derived matrices with high sensitivity, selectivity, and throughput.

Compositional Analysis of Organosolv Poplar Lignin by Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/High-resolution Multi-stage Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jifa Zhang ◽  
Yuan Jiang ◽  
Leah F Easterling ◽  
Anton Anster ◽  
Wanru Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Process

Organosolv treatment is an efficient and environmentally friendly process to degrade lignin into small compounds. The capability of characterizing the individual compounds in the complex mixtures formed upon organosolv treatment...

Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2015-2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Berthiller ◽  
C. Brera ◽  
M.H. Iha ◽  
R. Krska ◽  
V.M.T. Lattanzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Mycotoxin Analysis

This review summarises developments in the determination of mycotoxins over a period between mid-2015 and mid-2016. Analytical methods to determine aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids, fumonisins, ochratoxins, patulin, trichothecenes and zearalenone are covered in individual sections. Advances in proper sampling strategies are discussed in a dedicated section, as are methods used to analyse botanicals and spices and newly developed liquid chromatography mass spectrometry based multi-mycotoxin methods. This critical review aims to briefly discuss the most important recent developments and trends in mycotoxin determination as well as to address limitations of presented methodologies.

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