scholarly journals Wickerhamomyces Yeast Killer Toxins’ Medical Applications

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Laura Giovati ◽  
Tecla Ciociola ◽  
Tiziano De Simone ◽  
Stefania Conti ◽  
Walter Magliani
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Idiotypic Network ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Wickerhamomyces Anomalus ◽  
Killer Toxins ◽  
Yeast Killer ◽  
Direct Use ◽  
Derivatives Of

Possible implications and applications of the yeast killer phenomenon in the fight against infectious diseases are reviewed, with particular reference to some wide-spectrum killer toxins (KTs) produced by Wickerhamomyces anomalus and other related species. A perspective on the applications of these KTs in the medical field is provided considering (1) a direct use of killer strains, in particular in the symbiotic control of arthropod-borne diseases; (2) a direct use of KTs as experimental therapeutic agents; (3) the production, through the idiotypic network, of immunological derivatives of KTs and their use as potential anti-infective therapeutics. Studies on immunological derivatives of KTs in the context of vaccine development are also described.

A Comprehensive Review on the Therapeutic Versatility of Imidazo [2,1-b]thiazoles

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (40) ◽  
pp. 6864-6887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Adil Shareef ◽  
Irfan Khan ◽  
Bathini Nagendra Babu ◽  
Ahmed Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Thiazole Derivatives ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Derivatives Of

Background:: Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole, a well-known fused five-membered hetrocycle is one of the most promising and versatile moieties in the area of medicinal chemistry. Derivatives of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole have been investigated for the development of new derivatives that exhibit diverse pharmacological activities. This fused heterocycle is also a part of a number of therapeutic agents. Objective:: To review the extensive pharmacological activities of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives and the new molecules developed between 2000-2018 and their usefulness. Method:: Thorough literature review of all relevant papers and patents was conducted. Conclusion:: The present review, covering a number of aspects, is expected to provide useful insights in the design of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-based compounds and would inspire the medicinal chemists for a comprehensive and target-oriented information to achieve a major breakthrough in the development of clinically viable candidates.

Potential Antimicrobial Peptides Elucidation From The Marine Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adyasa Barik ◽  
Pandiyan Rajesh ◽  
Manthiram Malathi ◽  
Vellaisamy Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Unnatural Amino Acids ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
The World ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide Resistance ◽  
Significant Attention

: In recent years, over use of antibiotics has been raising its head to a serious problem all around the world as pathogens become drug resistant and create challenges to the medical field. This failure of most potent antibiotics that kill pathogens increases the thirst for research to look further way of killing pathogens. It has been led to the findings of antimicrobial peptide which is the most potent peptide to destroy pathogens. This review gives special emphasis to the usage of marine bacteria and other microorganisms for antimicrobial peptide (AMP) which are eco friendly as well as a developing class of natural and synthetic peptides with a wide spectrum of targets to pathogenic microbes. Consequently, a significant attention has been paid mainly to (i) the structure and types of anti microbial peptides and (ii) mode of action and mechanism of antimicrobial peptide resistance to pathogens. In addition to this, the designing of AMPs has been analysed thoroughly for reducing toxicity and developing better potent AMP. It has been done by the modified unnatural amino acids by amidation to target the control of biofilm and persister cell.

Yeast Killer Toxins Technology Transfer

2009 ◽  
pp. 275-290
Author(s):  
Walter Magliani ◽  
Stefania Conti ◽  
Laura Giovati ◽  
Luciano Polonelli
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Killer Toxins ◽  
Yeast Killer

scholarly journals Unusual Regularity in GC Retention of Simple Amino Acid Derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor G. Zenkevich ◽  
Nino G. Todua ◽  
Anzor I. Mikaia
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Retention Index ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Elution Order ◽  
Alkyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Direct Use ◽  
Derivatives Of

Background: Application of simple regularities and general principles along with direct use of reference gas chromatography retention index data for reliable structure determination of compounds can be enhanced by determination of new regularities that are specific to certain structural elements. Objective: Revelation and interpretation of an anomaly in the elution order of alkyl esters of alkoxycarbonyl derivatives of glycine and alanine on standard and semi-standard non-polar phases. Method: Preliminary derivatization of amino acids to alkyl esters of N-alkoxycarbonyl analogs and interpretation of their gas chromatographic characteristics. Results: Alkyl esters of N-alkoxycarbonyl derivatives of alanine (Alkyl = C2H5, n- and iso-C3H7) elute prior to the same derivatives of glycine, despite the presence of an additional methyl group at C(2) in the molecule. Elution order is reversed for methyl esters of N-methoxycarbonyl derivatives. Conclusion: It is established that the peculiar behavior of alkyl esters of N-alkoxycarbonyl derivatives of glycine and alanine agrees with the concepts of gas chromatography and the known retention index regularities of organic compounds. A decrease of retention index values is a result of an introduction of an additional methyl group to a carbon atom connected to two polar fragments in a molecule like CH2XY. The dependence of the difference of retention index values for homologs of the types of CH3-CHXY and CH2XY vs. the total mass of fragments (X + Y) is similar to those for other sub-groups of analytes.

scholarly journals Proteomic Analysis and Identification of Streptococcus pyogenes Surface-Associated Proteins

2006 ◽  
Vol 189 (5) ◽  
pp. 1514-1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly Severin ◽  
Elliott Nickbarg ◽  
Joseph Wooters ◽  
Shakey A. Quazi ◽  
Yury V. Matsuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Cell Enzyme ◽  
Specific Antisera ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Surface Localization

ABSTRACT Streptococcus pyogenes is a gram-positive human pathogen that causes a wide spectrum of disease, placing a significant burden on public health. Bacterial surface-associated proteins play crucial roles in host-pathogen interactions and pathogenesis and are important targets for the immune system. The identification of these proteins for vaccine development is an important goal of bacterial proteomics. Here we describe a method of proteolytic digestion of surface-exposed proteins to identify surface antigens of S. pyogenes. Peptides generated by trypsin digestion were analyzed by multidimensional tandem mass spectrometry. This approach allowed the identification of 79 proteins on the bacterial surface, including 14 proteins containing cell wall-anchoring motifs, 12 lipoproteins, 9 secreted proteins, 22 membrane-associated proteins, 1 bacteriophage-associated protein, and 21 proteins commonly identified as cytoplasmic. Thirty-three of these proteins have not been previously identified as cell surface associated in S. pyogenes. Several proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli, and the purified proteins were used to generate specific mouse antisera for use in a whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The immunoreactivity of specific antisera to some of these antigens confirmed their surface localization. The data reported here will provide guidance in the development of a novel vaccine to prevent infections caused by S. pyogenes.

scholarly journals The first in situ synthesis of 1,3-dioxan-5-one derivatives and their direct use in Claisen-Schmidt reactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Javad Poursharifi ◽  
Mohammad M. Mojtahedi ◽  
M. Saeed Abaee ◽  
Mohammad M. Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Aromatic Aldehydes ◽  
In Situ Synthesis ◽  
Stepwise Procedures ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Direct Use ◽  
Derivatives Of

AbstractA method is developed for in situ generation of 1,3-dioxan-5-one derivatives 2. These compounds are simple precursors for accessing carbohydrate structures and previously had to be produced via stepwise procedures using excessive amounts of reagents. In the present work, three different derivatives of 2 were synthesized via the reaction of trialkoxyalkanes with dihydroxyacetone dimer 1 in the presence of acetic acid as the catalyst. In the same pot, derivatives of 2 were reacted with aromatic aldehydes and 30 mol% of pyrrolidine to obtain high yields of the respective bischalcones 3 within short time periods.

scholarly journals Natural Sesquiterpene Lactones as Potential Trypanocidal Therapeutic Agents: A Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana V. Muschietti ◽  
Jerónimo L. Ulloa
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Allergic Contact

Chagas’ disease and Human African Trypanosomiasis are parasitic diseases that remain major health problems, mainly among the poorest and the most marginalized communities from Latin America and Africa. The scarcity of effective chemotherapy, due to the low investment in the research and development (R&D) of new drugs, together with a high incidence of side effects, and the emergence of drug resistance phenomena emphasize the urgent need for new prophylactic and therapeutic agents. Over the ages, humans have employed natural products to treat a wide spectrum of diseases. Recently, the pharmaceutical industry has focused on plant research and a large body of evidence has been collected to demonstrate the immense potential of medicinal plants as a source of bioactive compounds and lead molecules. In the field of parasitic diseases, drug development from plants has been successful for the sesquiterpene lactone (STL) artemisinin, which is employed as an antimalarial agent. STLs are a large group of naturally occurring terpenoids derived from plants that mostly belong to the Asteraceae family which exhibit a variety of skeletal arrangements and are the largest and most diverse category of natural products with an α-methylene-λ-lactone motif. STLs display a broad spectrum of biological activities such as antitumor, cytotoxic, antibacterial, anthelmintic, uterus contracting, antimalarial, neurotoxic, antiprotozoal and allergic (contact dermatitis) activities. In this context, the purpose of the present review is to provide an overview of the trypanocidal activity reported for STLs against Trypanosoma cruzi and T. brucei rhodesiense over the period 1993–2015.

DNA repair defects sensitize cells to anticodon nuclease yeast killer toxins

2010 ◽  
Vol 285 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Klassen ◽  
Sabrina Wemhoff ◽  
Jens Krause ◽  
Friedhelm Meinhardt
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Killer Toxins ◽  
Yeast Killer
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