Herpesviruses in Head and Neck Cancers

Head and neck cancers arise in the mucosa lining the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, sinonasal tract, and nasopharynx. The etiology of head and neck cancers is complex and involves many factors, including the presence of oncogenic viruses. These types of cancers are among the most common cancers in the world. Thorough knowledge of the pathogenesis of viral infections is needed to fully understand their impact on cancer development.

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Herpesviruses in Head and Neck Cancers

10.20944/preprints201911.0320.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Mikołaj Wołącewicz ◽

Rafał Becht ◽

Ewelina Grywalska ◽

Paulina Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Viral Infection ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Head And Neck Cancers ◽

Sinonasal Tract ◽

Cancer Development ◽

Oncogenic Viruses ◽

The World

Head and neck cancers arise from mucosa lining the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, sinonasal tract, and nasopharynx and the etiology of head and neck cancers is complex and involves many factors, among which oncogenic viruses are also enumerated. Nevertheless, this type of cancers are among the most common cancers around the world. The thorough knowledge of the pathogenesis of viral infection is needed to fully understand its impact on cancer development.

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Oral Cancer: Integration of Studies for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Precision

Advances in Dental Research ◽

10.1177/0022034519877388 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 45-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

N.J. D’Silva ◽

J.S. Gutkind

Keyword(s):

Oral Cancer ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Head And Neck Cancers ◽

Mechanistic Studies ◽

Nerve Tumor ◽

Personalized Approach ◽

Key Pathways

Head and neck cancers are among the 10 most common cancers in the world and include cancers of the oral cavity, hypopharynx, larynx, nasopharynx, and oropharynx. At least 90% of head and neck cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). This summary discusses the integration of clinical and mechanistic studies in achieving diagnostic and therapeutic precision in the context of oral cancer. Specifically, based on recent mechanistic studies, a subsequent study reevaluated current diagnostic criteria of perineural invasion in patients with oral cavity SCC showing that overall survival could be associated with nerve-tumor distance; validation of the findings of this study from a small group of patients could lead to a personalized approach to treatment selection in patients with oral cavity SCC. Moreover, delineation of key pathways in SCC revealed novel treatment targets that can be exploited to develop personalized treatment strategies to achieve long-term remission.

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Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations and head and neck cancers risk

Oral Oncology ◽

10.1016/j.oraloncology.2016.11.012 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 64 ◽

pp. 59-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Francesca Bravi ◽

Jerry Polesel ◽

Werner Garavello ◽

Diego Serraino ◽

Eva Negri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Research ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Head And Neck Cancers ◽

Research Fund ◽

American Institute ◽

The World ◽

Research Recommendations

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B. Aerodigestive Neoplasms of the Head and Neck: Cancers of the Lip and Oral Cavity

Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.1055/b-0034-80040 ◽

2013 ◽

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Head And Neck Cancers

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76Past dental visits and incidence of head and neck cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyab168.249 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Bhawna Gupta

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Head And Neck Cancers ◽

Public Health Burden ◽

Dental Visits ◽

Oral Cancers ◽

Incident Cases

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to conduct a quantitative assessment of any independent association between past dental visits/check-ups and incidence of cancers of HN/upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) and oral cavity worldwide. Methods PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases were searched for all observational studies published until August 2017 that assessed an association of past dental visits/dental check-ups among the incident cases of HNC/UADT cancers. Three different meta-analyses were conducted: two based on the incident cancer reported in the studies (HNCs/cancers of UADT and oral cavity); another included all studies irrespective of the type of cancer reported with the frequency of past dental visits as subgroups. Results Sixty-two articles were reviewed in full, but only 38 were eligible for inclusion. Under the random effects model, odds of past never/irregular/ not frequent dental visits were greater in HNC cases and oral cancer cases as compared to the hospital based/ population-based controls [HNCs-unadjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.89 to 2.65) and (oral cancers—OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.47 to 2.52]. There was no publication bias in our study. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that individuals with never/irregular/not frequent dental visits are more likely to be incident cases of HNCs/UADT cancers. Key message Regular/frequent dental visits, at least annually, can aid in reducing the public health burden of head and neck cancers (HNCs) by facilitating earlier detection of the disease.

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Incidence of Head and Neck Cancers before and after 9/11 in New York City and New York State

ORL ◽

10.1159/000519840 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Rosalie Machado ◽

Tristan Tham ◽

Daniel Zhu ◽

Amanda Wong ◽

David Hiltzik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Nasal Cavity ◽

Head And Neck ◽

New York State ◽

Head And Neck Cancers ◽

York State ◽

Subset Analysis ◽

Before And After

Introduction: The incidence of cancers in New York State (NYS) before and after 9/11 including lung, colorectal, and renal cancers has been previously described. To date, the incidence of head and neck cancers (HNCs) before and after 9/11 has not been described. Methods: Cancers involving the oral cavity and oropharynx; the nose, nasal cavity, nasopharynx, and middle ear; larynx; and thyroid were identified using the New York State Cancer Registry (NYSCR). Age-adjusted incidence and rates per 100,000 residents from 1987 to 2015 were analyzed using joinpoint regression. Trends in incidence using annual percent changes are presented. Results: The overall rate of HNC increased slightly by 0.7% (p < 0.001) from 1987 to 2003 in NYS. From 2003 to 2008, the rate increased by 5.73% (p < 0.001), and from 2008 to 2015, the rate increased by 1.68% (p < 0.001). The rate of thyroid cancer increased by 6.79% (p < 0.001) from 1987 to 2003, by 9.99% (p < 0.001) from 2003 to 2009, and by 2.41% (p = 0.001) from 2009 to 2015. The rate of thyroid cancer was higher in women at all time points. In a subset analysis of HNCs excluding thyroid cancer, the rate decreased by 2.02% (p < 0.001) from 1991 to 2001, followed by a nonsignificant increase of 0.1% (p = 0.515) from 2001 to 2015. The rate of oropharyngeal (OP) cancer significantly increased from 1999 to 2015 (2.65%; p < 0.001). The rate of oral cavity cancer significantly decreased from 1987 to 2003 (1.97%; p < 0.001), with no significant change after 2003. The rate of laryngeal cancer decreased significantly by 2.43% (p < 0.001) from 1987 to 2015, as did the rate of nasal cavity/nasopharyngeal cancer (0.33%; p = 0.03). Conclusions: In NYS, OP cancer and thyroid cancer rates increased significantly during the study period. The rate of thyroid cancer was higher in women. The rate of combined HNC increased significantly after 9/11 compared to before 9/11; however, in a subset analysis of all HNC patients excluding thyroid cancer, the rate decreased significantly prior to 9/11 and then nonsignificantly increased afterward. This suggests that the increase in thyroid cancer accounts for the increase in combined HNC in NYS. The impact of 9/11 on rates of HNC requires further research.

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Head and Neck Cancers Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network ◽

10.6004/jnccn.2005.0019 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 316 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Head And Neck ◽

The United States ◽

Head And Neck Cancers ◽

Second Primary ◽

Second Primary Neoplasms ◽

Tobacco Abuse ◽

Primary Neoplasms ◽

Recent Version ◽

Supraglottic Larynx

The NCCN Head and Neck Cancers guidelines address tumors arising in the lip, oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, glottic and supraglottic larynx, paranasal (ethmoid and maxillary) sinuses, nasopharynx, and salivary glands, as well as occult primary cancer. Approximately 39,250 new cases of oral cavity, pharyngeal, and laryngeal cancers will occur in 2005, which accounts for about 3% of new cancer cases in the United States. An estimated 11,090 deaths from head and neck (H&N) cancers will occur in 2005. Alcohol and tobacco abuse are common etiologic factors in cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx. Moreover, because the entire aerodigestive tract epithelium may be exposed to these carcinogens, patients with H&N cancer are at risk for developing second primary neoplasms of the H&N, lung, and esophagus. For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org

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Oral cavity and lip cancer in the world: An epidemiological review

Biomedical Research and Therapy ◽

10.15419/bmrat.v7i8.619 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 3898-3905

Author(s):

Hamid Salehiniya ◽

Mehdi Raei

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Viral Infections ◽

The United States ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Cancer Epidemiology ◽

Lip Cancer ◽

Oral Cancers ◽

Alcohol Control ◽

The World

Background: One of the most common cancers is squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck which is a serious health challenge worldwide. Considering the importance of knowledge of incidence, death and risk factors in prevention programs, this study was conducted to investigate the incidence, mortality and risk factors for oral cavity and lip cancer in the world. Methods: A search was performed in Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus. The search keywords included: oral cavity or lip cancer, epidemiology, incidence, mortality, risk factors, and a combination of these terms. Studies that referred to epidemiological aspects of oral cavity and lip cancer epidemiology and risk factors were included in the review. Results: The five countries with the highest number of cancer of the oral cavity and lip included India, the United States, China, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The standard incidence of these cancers in the world was 4 per 100,000 people (in men versus women, 5.5 and 2.5 per hundred thousand, respectively). The five countries with the highest number of deaths from oral cavity cancer were India, China, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Russia. In 2012, the standardized death rate for this type of cancer was 1.9 per 100,000 people in the world (2.7 vs. 1.2 in every 100,000 of men vs. women, respectively). The most important risk factors for oral and lip cancer include tobacco smoke, alcohol drinking, viral infections, exposure to sunlight, and socioeconomic status. Conclusion: In order to reduce the burden of this cancer, there are the strategies for preventing risk factors such as tobacco and alcohol control, and vaccination against HPV infection to prevent oral cancers. Also, early detection by screening high-risk populations for oral cancer as well as risk reduction through training programs for physician and patients are effective.

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Adverse reactions of radiotherapy for head and neck cancers. Treatment of radiation reactions in the oral cavity

Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna ◽

10.15557/pimr.2017.0005 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 53-62

Author(s):

Magdalena Czerżyńska ◽

◽

Paulina Orłow ◽

Magdalena Choromańska ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Head And Neck Cancers

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Oral cancer profile in a tertiary care center

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20171191 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 343

Author(s):

Nitin Arora ◽

Jai Lal Davessar ◽

Jyoti Singh

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Head And Neck Cancers ◽

Age Group ◽

Common Site ◽

Oral Cancers ◽

Age And Sex

Background: Head and neck cancers constitute around 5-50% of all cancers worldwide. Head and Neck Cancers constitute about 30% of all cancers that are found in India. It is the 8th most common cancer in the world. Oral cancer forms a major public health issue in India due to its rising incidence, especially in women and in younger age group. The purpose of our study was to evaluate, the epidemiologic profile of patients with oral cancer, its incidence according to age and sex, site distribution, risk factors involved and clinical stage at presentation.Methods: It is a prospective study done from January 2014 to November 2014, in a total of 100 patients in age group 21 to 70 years, irrespective of gender, with a proven malignancy confined to the oral cavity. Patients were observed for the age and sex distribution, tumour staging, location and metastasis, commonly associated risk factor and most common site. Results: Oral cavity cancers were more common in males, than females. It is most prevalent in age group of 51-60 years. Oral tongue is the most common site. Betel nut chewing is the most significant risk factor associated with oral cavity cancer.T1 and T2 is the most the most common primary T stage. Neck metastasis occurs most commonly at N2 stage. Most common neck node level involved is level 2.Conclusions: Oral cancers presents at advanced stage and age. It has also been seen in younger generations, which is due to increasing use of tobacco, its related products and alcohol. We see patient’s reports at advanced age and stage, which is increasing the morbidity and mortality related to oral cancers. Hence, today there is great need to create awareness about oral cancers. Preventive strategies must be designed in order to lessen the burden of Oral cancers.

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