scholarly journals Metatranscriptomic Sequencing Suggests the Presence of Novel RNA Viruses in Rice Transmitted by Brown Planthopper

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2464
Author(s):  
Shufen Chao ◽  
Haoran Wang ◽  
Qing Yan ◽  
Long Chen ◽  
Guoqing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Small Rna Sequencing ◽  
Virus Species ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Rice Plants

Viral pathogens are a major threat to stable crop production. Using a backcross strategy, we find that integrating a dominant brown planthopper (BPH) resistance gene Bph3 into a high-yield and BPH-susceptible indica rice variety significantly enhances BPH resistance. However, when Bph3-carrying backcross lines are infested with BPH, these BPH-resistant lines exhibit sterile characteristics, displaying panicle enclosure and failure of seed production at their mature stage. As we suspected, BPH-mediated viral infections could cause the observed sterile symptoms, and we characterized rice-infecting viruses using deep metatranscriptomic sequencing. Our analyses revealed eight novel virus species and five known viruses, including a highly divergent virus clustered within a currently unclassified family. Additionally, we characterized rice plant antiviral responses using small RNA sequencing. The results revealed abundant virus-derived small interfering RNAs in sterile rice plants, providing evidence for Dicer-like and Argonaute-mediated immune responses in rice plants. Together, our results provide insights into the diversity of viruses in rice plants, and our findings suggest that multiple virus infections occur in rice plants.

A new locus for resistance to brown planthopper identified in the indica rice variety DV85

2005 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Su ◽  
J. Wan ◽  
H. Q. Zhai ◽  
C. M. Wang ◽  
L. H. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indica Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Planthopper

scholarly journals Genetic Dissection of the Breakdown of Durable Resistance in Indica Rice Variety PTB33 to Brown Planthoppers Nilaparvata Lugens (Stål)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shusaku Tabata ◽  
Yoshiyuki Yamagata ◽  
Daisuke Fujita ◽  
Sachiyo Sanada-Morimura ◽  
Masaya Matsumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Resistance Qtls

Abstract BackgroundTo avoid and delay the resistance breakdown of varieties against pathogens and insect pests, broad-spectrum and durable resistance by multiple genes pyramiding are expected to be one of the practical approaches. The indica rice variety PTB33 (Oryza sativa L.) shows high and durable resistance to the brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens Stål). However, this variety gradually lost its resistance against the recent virulence development of BPH. However, breakdown processes are not fully elucidated by individual genetic loci. ResultsEffective QTLs were explored across the whole genomic region against four BPH populations collected in Japan in 1988, 1989, 1999, and 2013 using high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers obtained by genotyping-by-sequencing. Among seven genomic regions of PTB33 likely conferring BPH resistance, four QTLs, qFSA4a, qFSA6, qFSA11, and qFSA12 on chromosomes 4, 6, 11, and 12, respectively, were validated as BPH resistance QTLs. The PTB33 alleles at the four QTLs positively contributed to BPH resistance. Infestation of monogenic segregating lines showed that the PTB33 alleles at qFSA11, qFSA12, and qFSA4a lost resistance effects at least in 1989, 1999, and 2013, respectively. ConclusionThis study showed breakdown of durable resistance in PTB33 was explained by step-by-step losses of genetic effects at each resistance locus and probably multiple acquisitions of virulence genes in BPH in a gene-by-gene specific manner.

scholarly journals Agro-Nanotechnology as an Emerging Field: A Novel Sustainable Approach for Improving Plant Growth by Reducing Biotic Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2282
Author(s):  
Masudulla Khan ◽  
Azhar U. Khan ◽  
Mohd Abul Hasan ◽  
Krishna Kumar Yadav ◽  
Marina M. C. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Plant Disease Management

In the present era, the global need for food is increasing rapidly; nanomaterials are a useful tool for improving crop production and yield. The application of nanomaterials can improve plant growth parameters. Biotic stress is induced by many microbes in crops and causes disease and high yield loss. Every year, approximately 20–40% of crop yield is lost due to plant diseases caused by various pests and pathogens. Current plant disease or biotic stress management mainly relies on toxic fungicides and pesticides that are potentially harmful to the environment. Nanotechnology emerged as an alternative for the sustainable and eco-friendly management of biotic stress induced by pests and pathogens on crops. In this review article, we assess the role and impact of different nanoparticles in plant disease management, and this review explores the direction in which nanoparticles can be utilized for improving plant growth and crop yield.

scholarly journals Whole Genome Sequencing and Analysis of Godawee, a Salt Tolerant Indica Rice Variety

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeewa Singhabahu ◽  
Chathura Wijesinghe ◽  
Dilini Gunawardana ◽  
Muditha D Senarath Yapa ◽  
Madushani Kannangara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Salt Tolerant

scholarly journals Characteristics of growth and quality, and factors contributing to high yield in newly developed rice variety ‘Akidawara’

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Yoshinaga ◽  
Hisanori Heinai ◽  
Akihiro Ohsumi ◽  
Masami Furuhata ◽  
Tsutomu Ishimaru
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
High Yield

scholarly journals The Resistances to Rice Stripe Virus and Small Brown Planthopper in Rice Variety, IR 50.

1994 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Nemoto ◽  
Kouichi Ishikawa ◽  
Eiji Shimura
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Rice Stripe Virus ◽  
Small Brown Planthopper

scholarly journals Transcriptomic and proteomic responses to herbivory in cultivated, Bt-transgenic and wild rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongbo Liu ◽  
Weiqing Wang ◽  
Yonghua Li ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Weijuan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Rice ◽  
Wild Rice ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Itraq Analysis ◽  
Go Terms

Abstract Background: Strategies are still employed to decrease insect damage in crop production, including conventional breeding with wild germplasm resources and transgenic technology with the insertion of foreign genes, while the insect-resistant mechanism of these strategies remains unclear. Results: Under the feeding of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), cultivated rice (WT) showed less DEGs (568) and DAPs (4) than transgenic rice (2098 and 11) and wild rice CL (1990 and 39) and DX (1932 and 25). Hierarchical cluster of DEGs showed gene expression of CL and DX were similar, slightly distinct to GT, and clearly different from WT. DEGs assigned to the GO terms were less in WT rice than GT, CL and DX, and “Metabolic process”, “cellular process”, “response to stimulus” were dominant. Wild rice CL significantly enriched in KEGG pathways of “Metabolic pathways”, “biosynthesis of secondary metabolites”, “plant-pathogen interaction” and “plant hormone signal transduction”. The iTRAQ analysis confirmed the results of RNA-seq, which showing the least GO terms and KEGG pathways responding to herbivory in the cultivated rice. Synthesize conclusions: This study demonstrated that similarity in the transcriptomic and proteomic response to herbivory for the wild rice and Bt-transgenic rice, while cultivated rice lack of enough pathways in response to herbivory. Our results highlighted the importance of conservation of crop wild species.

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