scholarly journals Polyacrylate–Peptide Antigen Conjugate as a Single-Dose Oral Vaccine against Group A Streptococcus

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Omer Faruck ◽  
Lili Zhao ◽  
Waleed M. Hussein ◽  
Zeinab G. Khalil ◽  
Robert J. Capon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Oral Vaccine ◽  
Cell Epitope ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Oral Immunization ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Group A ◽  
Mucosal Immune Responses

Group A Streptococcus (GAS)-associated rheumatic heart disease is a leading cause of death caused by GAS infection. While antibiotics can treat the infection in most cases, growing antibiotic resistance, late medical intervention, and recurrent infection are major obstacles to the effective treatment of GAS-associated diseases. As GAS infection typically originates from the bacterial colonization of mucosal tissue in the throat, an oral vaccine that can generate both systemic and mucosal immune responses would solve problems associated with traditional medical interventions. Moreover, orally delivered vaccines are more easily administered and less expensive for mass immunization. In this study, the B-cell epitope J8, derived from GAS M protein, and universal T-helper Pan HLA-DR-binding epitope peptide (PADRE), were conjugated to poly (methyl acrylate) (PMA) to form a self-assembled nanoparticle vaccine candidate (PMA-P-J8). Strong systemic and mucosal immune responses were induced upon single oral immunization of mice with the conjugate. The antibodies generated were opsonic against GAS clinical isolates as measured after boost immunization. Thus, we developed a simple conjugate as an effective, adjuvant-free oral peptide-based vaccine.

scholarly journals Mucosal immune responses induced by oral administration recombinant Bacillus subtilis expressing the COE antigen of PEDV in newborn piglets

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialu Wang ◽  
Lulu Huang ◽  
Chunxiao Mou ◽  
En Zhang ◽  
Yongheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Oral Vaccine ◽  
Oral Immunization ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Antigen Delivery ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Mucosal Immune Responses ◽  
Recombinant Bacillus Subtilis

Abstract Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious disease in newborn piglets and causes substantial economic losses in the world. PED virus (PEDV) spreads by fecal–oral contact and can be prevented by oral immunization. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an effective oral vaccine against PEDV infection. Currently, Bacillus subtilis as recombinant vaccine carrier has been used for antigen delivery and proved well in immune effect and safety. The present study evaluated the immunogenicity of recombinant Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis-RC) in piglets via oral administration. After oral immunization in piglets, B. subtilis-RC significantly increased the local mucosal immune responses. Oral administration with B. subtilis-RC significantly improved the level of specific mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies against PEDV infection, through enlarging the area of Peyer’s patches (PPs) and increasing the number of ileum IgA+ secreting (SIgA) cells. In the meantime, B. subtilis-RC remarkably increased the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs). We also observed that oral administration of B. subtilis-RC significantly increased CD3+T lymphocytes’ numbers and up-regulated the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, high titers of specific serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) revealed satisfactory systemic immune response against PEDV infection. In summary, our study demonstrated that oral administration of B. subtilis-RC could trigger a high level of local and systemic immune responses and would be a promising candidate vaccine against PEDV infection in piglets.

scholarly journals Development of Polyelectrolyte Complexes for the Delivery of Peptide-Based Subunit Vaccines against Group A Streptococcus

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Zhao ◽  
Wanli Jin ◽  
Jazmina Gonzalez Cruz ◽  
Nirmal Marasini ◽  
Zeinab G. Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Subunit Vaccine ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Vaccine Delivery ◽  
Surface Charges ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Anionic Polymers ◽  
Group A

Peptide subunit vaccines hold great potential compared to traditional vaccines. However, peptides alone are poorly immunogenic. Therefore, it is of great importance that a vaccine delivery platform and/or adjuvant that enhances the immunogenicity of peptide antigens is developed. Here, we report the development of two different systems for the delivery of lipopeptide subunit vaccine (LCP-1) against group A streptococcus: polymer-coated liposomes and polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). First, LCP-1-loaded and alginate/trimethyl chitosan (TMC)-coated liposomes (Lip-1) and LCP-1/alginate/TMC PECs (PEC-1) were examined for their ability to trigger required immune responses in outbred Swiss mice; PEC-1 induced stronger humoral immune responses than Lip-1. To further assess the adjuvanting effect of anionic polymers in PECs, a series of PECs (PEC-1 to PEC-5) were prepared by mixing LCP-1 with different anionic polymers, namely alginate, chondroitin sulfate, dextran, hyaluronic acid, and heparin, then coated with TMC. All produced PECs had similar particle sizes (around 200 nm) and surface charges (around + 30 mV). Notably, PEC-5, which contained heparin, induced higher antigen-specific systemic IgG and mucosal IgA titers than all other PECs. PEC systems, especially when containing heparin and TMC, could function as a promising platform for peptide-based subunit vaccine delivery for intranasal administration.

scholarly journals A Novel Heme Transporter from the Energy Coupling Factor Family Is Vital for Group A Streptococcus Colonization and Infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilanjana Chatterjee ◽  
Laura C. C. Cook ◽  
Kristin V. Lyles ◽  
Hong Anh T. Nguyen ◽  
Darius J. Devlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Energy Coupling ◽  
Coupling Factor ◽  
Iron Complex ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACT Group A streptococcus (GAS) produces millions of infections worldwide, including mild mucosal infections, postinfection sequelae, and life-threatening invasive diseases. During infection, GAS readily acquires nutritional iron from host heme and hemoproteins. Here, we identified a new heme importer, named SiaFGH, and investigated its role in GAS pathophysiology. The SiaFGH proteins belong to a group of transporters with an unknown ligand from the recently described family of energy coupling factors (ECFs). A siaFGH deletion mutant exhibited high streptonigrin resistance compared to the parental strain, suggesting that iron ions or an iron complex is the likely ligand. Iron uptake and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) studies showed that the loss of siaFGH did not impact GAS import of ferric or ferrous iron, but the mutant was impaired in using hemoglobin iron for growth. Analysis of cells growing on hemoglobin iron revealed a substantial decrease in the cellular heme content in the mutant compared to the complemented strain. The induction of the siaFGH genes in trans resulted in the induction of heme uptake. The siaFGH mutant exhibited a significant impairment in murine models of mucosal colonization and systemic infection. Together, the data show that SiaFGH is a new type of heme importer that is key for GAS use of host hemoproteins and that this system is imperative for bacterial colonization and invasive infection. IMPORTANCE ECF systems are new transporters that take up various vitamins, cobalt, or nickel with a high affinity. Here, we establish the GAS SiaFGH proteins as a new ECF module that imports heme and demonstrate its importance in virulence. SiaFGH is the first heme ECF system described in bacteria. We identified homologous systems in the genomes of related pathogens from the Firmicutes phylum. Notably, GAS and other pathogens that use a SiaFGH-type importer rely on host hemoproteins for a source of iron during infection. Hence, recognizing the function of this noncanonical ABC transporter in heme acquisition and the critical role that it plays in disease has broad implications.

FbaA- and M protein-based multi-epitope vaccine elicits strong protective immune responses against group A streptococcus in mouse model

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 409-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuiqing Ma ◽  
Zheng Liu ◽  
Wenjian Li ◽  
Xuesong Qian ◽  
Song Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
M Protein ◽  
Epitope Vaccine ◽  
Group A

Induction of pneumococcal polysaccharide-specific mucosal immune responses by oral immunization

Vaccine ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. VanCott ◽  
Toshiya Kobayashi ◽  
Masafumi Yamamoto ◽  
Subramonia Pillai ◽  
Jerry R. McGhee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Oral Immunization ◽  
Mucosal Immune Responses

scholarly journals Nano and Microparticles as Potential Oral Vaccine Carriers and Adjuvants Against Infectious Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Davoud Jazayeri ◽  
Hui Xuan Lim ◽  
Kamyar Shameli ◽  
Swee Keong Yeap ◽  
Chit Laa Poh
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Oral Vaccine ◽  
Oral Immunization ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Mucosal Surfaces ◽  
Successful Vaccine

Mucosal surfaces are the first site of infection for most infectious diseases and oral vaccination can provide protection as the first line of defense. Unlike systemic administration, oral immunization can stimulate cellular and humoral immune responses at both systemic and mucosal levels to induce broad-spectrum and long-lasting immunity. Therefore, to design a successful vaccine, it is essential to stimulate the mucosal as well as systemic immune responses. Successful oral vaccines need to overcome the harsh gastrointestinal environment such as the extremely low pH, proteolytic enzymes, bile salts as well as low permeability and the low immunogenicity of vaccines. In recent years, several delivery systems and adjuvants have been developed for improving oral vaccine delivery and immunogenicity. Formulation of vaccines with nanoparticles and microparticles have been shown to improve antigen stability, availability and adjuvanticity as well as immunostimulatory capacity, target delivery and specific release. This review discusses how nanoparticles (NPs) and microparticles (MPs) as oral carriers with adjuvant characteristics can be beneficial in oral vaccine development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document