scholarly journals Maternal Left Ventricular Diastolic and Systolic Function during Normal Pregnancy in Saint Bernard Dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
Luís Lobo ◽  
Joana Esteves-Guimarães ◽  
Pedro Oliveira ◽  
Luís Salazar ◽  
André Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Transmitral Flow ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Early Diastole ◽  
Echocardiographic Evaluation ◽  
Atrial Contraction ◽  
Saint Bernard

This study aimed to evaluate maternal left ventricular (LV) systo-diastolic function using conventional and TDI echocardiography and included 10 healthy Saint-Bernard pregnant bitches. M-mode, peak transmitral flow velocities during early diastole (E) and atrial contraction (A), aortic and pulmonic flow, myocardial performance index (MPI), TDI studies (peak myocardial velocities during early diastole (E’), atrial contraction (A’) and peak systole (S’)), and blood pressure were measured at 21 to 28 (T1), 40 (T2) and 60 (T3) days of gestation and four to eight weeks postpartum (T4). Cardiac output and heart rate were 20% and 9% higher at T3, respectively, compared to T4 (p < 0.01). Lateral S’ was 36% higher at T3 than at T1 (p < 0.05). Changes in diastolic function were demonstrated by 10% lower E wave and 15% A wave at T1, compared to T4 (p < 0.05). E’ and A’ were 23% and 42% higher at T3 compared to T4 (p < 0.01). Both lateral E/E’ and E’/A’ were 6% and 19% lower at T3 compared to T1 (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). At T3, MPI was 51% and 34% lower when compared to T1 or T2 (p < 0.05). The echocardiographic evaluation of maternal cardiac function is important, as structural, and functional changes occur throughout pregnancy.

Effect of overweight and obesity on the left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in patients with acute myocardial infarction

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Poyraz ◽  
Murat Turfan ◽  
Sinan A. Kocaman ◽  
Huseyin U. Yazici ◽  
Nihat Sen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Normal Weight Group ◽  
Diastolic Functions

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a association exits among overweight and obesity and left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in patients admitted with first ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: The present study was performed on 451 consecutive patients diagnosed with first STEMI (376 men, 75 women; mean age 56.1±10.8 years). The patients were classified into three groups based on their body mass index (BMI) as normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2), overweight (BMI: 25-29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2). Echocardiographic features were evaluated and compared among the three groups. Results: Mitral annulus E velocities were higher in obese individuals than normal weight group (p < 0.01). In contrast, mitral A velocities were lower (p =0.03); consequently, E\A and E'\A' ratios were lower (both p =0.01) in the obese group with respect to normal weight group. When the correction of entire variations existing among the groups were performed using multivariate linear regressions analyses, it turned out that BMI was independently associated with E/A (β= -0.19, p =0.044) and with E'/A' (β= -0.016, p=0.021). Ejection fraction, wall motion score index and myocardial S velocities were comparable among the study groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that while obesity has no adverse effect on the left ventricular systolic function, it has unfavorable consequences on the left ventricular diastolic function in the patients with first STEMI. In contrast, no unfavorable effects of overweight on the left ventricular systolic and diastolic function were detected.

scholarly journals Arrest of atherosclerosis progression after interruption of GH replacement in adults with congenital isolated GH deficiency

2012 ◽  
Vol 166 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa P Araujo ◽  
Manuel H Aguiar-Oliveira ◽  
Joselina L M Oliveira ◽  
Hertaline M N Rocha ◽  
Carla R P Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Carotid Imt ◽  
Gh Replacement

ObjectiveGH replacement therapy (GHRT) in adult-onset GH deficiency (AOGHD) reduces carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and increases myocardial mass, with improvement of systolic and diastolic function. These observations have reinforced the use of GHRT on AOGHD. Conversely, we have previously reported that in adults with lifetime congenital and severe isolated GH deficiency (IGHD) due to a mutation in GHRH receptor gene (GHRHR), a 6-month treatment with depot GH increased carotid IMT, caused the development of atherosclerotic plaques, and an increase in left ventricular mass index (LVMI), posterior wall, and septal thickness and ejection fraction. Such effects persisted 12 months after treatment (12-month washout – 12mo).MethodsWe have studied the cardiovascular status (by echocardiography and carotid ultrasonography) of these subjects 60 months after completion of therapy (60-month washout – 60mo).ResultsCarotid IMT reduced significantly from 12 to 60mo, returning to baseline (pre-therapy) value. The number of individuals with plaques was similar at 12 and 60mo, remaining higher than pre-therapy. LVMI, relative posterior wall thickness, and septum thickness did not change between 12 and 60mo, but absolute posterior wall increased from 12 to 60mo. Systolic function, evaluated by ejection fraction and shortening fraction, was reduced at 60mo in comparison with 12mo returning to baseline levels. The E/A wave ratio (expression of diastolic function) decreased at 60mo compared with both 12mo and baseline.ConclusionsIn adults with lifetime congenital IGHD, the increase in carotid IMT elicited by GHRT was transitory and returned to baseline 5 years after therapy discontinuation. Despite this, the number of subjects with plaques remained stable at 60mo and higher than at baseline.

P901 Left ventricular diastolic and systolic functions are compromised in patients with hypothyroidism

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Tafarshiku ◽  
M Y Henein ◽  
V Berisha-Muharremi ◽  
I Bytyci ◽  
P Ibrahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Lv Diastolic Function

Abstract Background and Aim Long standing hypothyroidism may impair myocardial relaxation, but its effect on systolic myocardial function is still controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function in patients with hypothyroidism. Methods This study included 81 (age 42 ± 13 years, 92% female) patients with hypothyroidism, and 22 age and gender matched controls. All subjects underwent a detailed clinical examination followed by a complete biochemical blood analysis including thyroid function assessment and anthropometric parameters measurements. LV function was assessed by 2 dimensional, M-mode and Tissue-Doppler Doppler echocardiographic examination performed in the same day. Results Patients had lower waist/hip ratio (p &lt; 0.001), higher urea level (p = 0.002) and lower white blood cells (p = 0.011), compared to controls. All other clinical, biochemical and anthropometric data did not differ between the two groups. Patients had impaired LV diastolic function (lower E wave [p &lt; 0.001], higher A wave [p = 0.028], lower E/A ratio [p &lt; 0.001], longer E wave deceleration time [p = 0.01], and higher E/e’ ratio [p &lt; 0.001]), compared with controls. Although LV global systolic function did not differ between groups, LV longitudinal systolic function was compromised in patients (lateral mitral annular plane systolic excursion - MAPSE [p = 0.005], as were lateral and septal TDI s’ [p &lt; 0.001 for both]). Conclusion In patients with hypothyroidism, in addition to compromised LV diastolic function, LV longitudinal systolic function is also impaired compared to healthy subjects of the same age and gender. These findings suggest significant subendocardial function impairment, reflecting potentially micro-circulation disease, that requires optimum management.

scholarly journals Genetic inhibition of calcineurin induces diastolic dysfunction in mice with chronic pressure overload

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (5) ◽  
pp. H1814-H1819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo J. Gelpi ◽  
Shumin Gao ◽  
Peiyong Zhai ◽  
Lin Yan ◽  
Chull Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Aortic Banding ◽  
Lv Systolic Function ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibition ◽  
Lv Diastolic Function ◽  
Isovolumic Relaxation

Calcineurin is a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase that induces myocardial growth in response to several physiological and pathological stimuli. Calcineurin inhibition, induced either via cyclosporine or genetically, can decrease myocardial hypertrophy secondary to pressure overload without affecting left ventricular (LV) systolic function. Since hypertrophy can also affect LV diastolic function, the goal of this study was to examine the effects of chronic pressure overload (2 wk aortic banding) in transgenic (Tg) mice overexpressing Zaki-4β (TgZ), a specific endogenous inhibitor of calcineurin, on LV diastolic function. As expected, in the TgZ mice with calcineurin inhibitor overexpression, aortic banding reduced the degree of LV hypertrophy, as assessed by LV weight-to-body weight ratio (3.5 ± 0.1) compared with that in non-Tg mice (4.6 ± 0.2). LV systolic function remained compensated in both groups with pressure overload. However, the LV end-diastolic stress-to-LV end-diastolic dimension ratio, an index of diastolic stiffness and LV pressure half-time and isovolumic relaxation time, two indexes of isovolumic relaxation, increased significantly more in TgZ mice with aortic banding. Protein levels of phosphorylated phospholamban (PS16), sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2a, phosphorylated ryanodine receptor, and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger were also reduced significantly ( P < 0.05) in the banded TgZ mice. As expected, genetic calcineurin inhibition inhibited the development of LV hypertrophy with chronic pressure overload but also induced LV diastolic dysfunction, as reflected by both impaired isovolumic relaxation and increased myocardial stiffness. Thus genetic calcineurin inhibition reveals a new mechanism regulating LV diastolic function.

scholarly journals Structural and Functional Changes in Maternal Heart during Pregnancy: An Echocardiographic Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 072-076
Author(s):  
Sunanda Kasula ◽  
Sumalatha Beeram ◽  
Ramakrishna Janapati ◽  
Indrani Garre
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Pregnancy is associated with profound physiologic alterations in the maternal cardiovascular system. This study aimed to investigate maternal cardiac performance during normal pregnancy by two-dimensional echocardiography parameters and various functional and structural alterations. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 100 normal pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic, and all participants had clinical history, physical examination, and 12-lead electrocardiogram. Two-dimensional, M-mode, and Doppler echocardiography was done. Echocardiographic parameters were compared with normal age-matched controls from previously published studies. Results The mean age of the study group was 23.35 ± 3.05 years, mean systolic blood pressure was 110.5 ± 8.69 mm Hg, and mean diastolic blood pressure was 71.6 ± 6.77 mm Hg. There was an increase in left atrial (LA) diameter, left ventricular end diastolic diameter, and interventricular septum (IVS) thickness as gestational age advanced. There was a gradual decrease in E-wave velocity, and E/A ratio increased during the second trimester and decreased during the third trimester. The E-wave deceleration time increased with gestational age There was no statistically significant difference between IVS thickness and E/A ratio (p = 1.000). Conclusion Cardiac chamber dimensions, LV wall thickness, and LA size, most indices of systolic function although within normal range, were significantly higher in pregnant Asian Indian women than in the controls. This study shows that the subtle reduction in myocardial compliance appears as an adaptive response to changes of preload, afterload, and LV geometry.

scholarly journals P282 Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic type 2 diabetes mellitus with preserved systolic function

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mouadili ◽  
M Sebani ◽  
C Mbauchy ◽  
M El Hattaoui ◽  
S El Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels

Abstract The involvement of diabetes in the occurrence of an alteration of the diastolic function of LV is well established. The objective of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of diastolic dysfunction in Type II diabetic patients in light of the latest 2016 recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography and to identify its associated factors. It was a cross-sectional observational study with a descriptive and analytic focus spread over a 6-month period from July to December 2017.The study included 66 asymptomatic type II diabetic patients, with a normal ECG and a negative stress test ischemia. All hypertensive subjects with an ejection fraction &lt;50%, or those with myocardial, valvular or rhythm disorder, were excluded. The mean age of our patients, was 42 years ± 9 years with extremes ranging from 39 to 84 years, we noted a female predominance (68%) with a sex ratio of 2.14. The prevalence of diastolic dysfunction was 27%. Factors associated with this change in diastolic function were advanced age (p &lt;0.0001), age of diabetes&gt; 10 years (p &lt;0.0001), glycemic imbalance with HbA1c&gt; 7% (p &lt;0) , 0001) and elevated fasting glucose levels (p = 0.039), obesity (p &lt;0.0001), dyslipidemia (p &lt;0.0001) and menopause (p = 0.002). Diastolic dysfunction affects a significant percentage of patients with type II diabetes. Therefore, we propose strict glycemic control in these patients, an early cardiographic echo screening in at-risk subjects, in order to improve their management, and to limit their progression to more serious complications.

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