scholarly journals Effects of Irrigation Water Salinity on Maize (Zea may L.) Emergence, Growth, Yield, Quality, and Soil Salt

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li ◽  
Chen ◽  
Jin ◽  
Wang ◽  
Du
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Soil Salt ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Mulched Drip Irrigation

Freshwater shortage is becoming one of the major limiting factors for the sustainable development of agriculture in arid and semi-arid areas of north China. A two-year field experiment about mulched drip irrigation on maize was conducted in Hetao Irrigation District with five irrigation water salinity levels (total dissolved solids; 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 g·L−1). The effects of irrigation water salinity on maize emergence, growth, yield, grain quality, and soil salt were determined. The results indicated that with the soil matric potential of -20 kPa and irrigation quota for each application of 22.5 mm, the irrigation water salinity showed negative influence on maize emergence and maize morphological characteristics (plant height, leaf area index, stem diameter, and dry matter), as irrigation water salt concentrations exceeded 3 g·L−1. The water use efficiency decreased linearly with the irrigation water salinity raised from 1 g·L−1 to 5 g·L−1, while maize grain protein increased and starch content decreased with the increase of irrigation water salt contents. Additionally, both the vertical radius and horizontal radius of salt isoline by mulched drip irrigation reduced with the irrigation water salt concentrations, when the irrigation water salinity was above 3 g·L−1. Summarily, irrigation water salinity of 3 g·L−1 was recommended for maize mulched drip irrigation in this study.

scholarly journals MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF COWPEA GENOTYPES TO IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1008
Author(s):  
JOÃO PEDRO ALVES DE AQUINO ◽  
ANTÔNIO AÉCIO DE CARVALHO BEZERRA ◽  
FRANCISCO DE ALCÂNTARA NETO ◽  
CARLOS JOSÉ GONCALVES DE SOUZA LIMA ◽  
RAYLSON RODRIGUES DE SOUSA
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Cowpea is broadly cultivated worldwide, especially in semi-arid or arid regions where soil or irrigation water salt contents can negatively influence the species’ productive capacity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphophysiological responses of cowpea genotypes to irrigation water salinity. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, under a completely randomized design with nine replications and in a 5x3 factorial scheme. Treatments consisted of five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - EC (EC0: 0.55; EC1: 1.60; EC2: 3.20; EC3: 4.80 and EC4: 6.40 dS m-1), applied from the 15th day after sowing (DAS), and three cowpea genotypes (G1: BRS Imponente; G2: MNC04-795F-168 and G3: MNC04-795F-159). EC increases at 35 DAS promoted stem diameter reductions of 8.0% (G1), 11.4% (G2), and 7.7% (G3), indicating different resistance to salinity by each genotype. Leaf area reductions at 25 and 38 DAS were 30.9% and 38.8% for EC0 and EC4, respectively. The BRS Imponente cultivar presented a performance superior to those of G2 and G3 in relation to stem diameter and stem dry matter at 25 DAS, and root-shoot and root-leaf ratios at 38 DAS.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY ON SWEET PEPPER YIELD AND ITS WATER PRODUCTIVITY UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (2.1) ◽  
pp. 385-404
Author(s):  
FAWZIA A. NAGM AL DEEN ◽  
MOHAMED Y. . El ANSARY ◽  
MONTASER A. AWAAD ◽  
WAEL M. SOLTAN
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity

scholarly journals Effects of Irrigation Water Salinity on Soil Properties, N2O Emission and Yield of Spring Maize under Mulched Drip Irrigation

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenchen Wei ◽  
Fahu Li ◽  
Peiling Yang ◽  
Shumei Ren ◽  
Shuaijie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Salinity Levels

Brackish water has been widely used to irrigate crops to compensate for insufficient freshwater water supply for agricultural use. The goal of this research was to determine an efficient brackish water use method to increase irrigation efficiency and reduce N2O emission. To this end, we conducted a field experiment with four salinity levels of irrigation water (1.1, 2.0, 3.5, and 5.0 g·L−1 with drip irrigation) at Hetao Irrigation District (Inner Mongolia, China) in 2017 and 2018. The results show that irrigation with 3.5–5.0 g·L−1 water salinity increased the soil salinity compared with irrigation using 1.1–2.0 g·L−1 water salinity. The soil water content with 5.0 g·L−1 brackish water irrigation was significantly higher than with 1.1–3.5 g·L−1 water salinity due to the effect of salinity on crop water uptake. The overall soil pH increased with the increase in irrigation water salinity. Saturated soil hydraulic conductivity decreased with the increase in irrigation water salinity. These results indicate that brackish water irrigation aggravates the degree of soil salinization and alkalization. The soil N2O cumulative flux resulting from irrigation with 5.0 g·L−1 water salinity was 51.18–82.86% higher than that resulting from 1.1–3.5 g L−1 water salinity in 2017, and was 32.38–44.79% higher than that resulting from 1.1–2.0 g·L−1 in 2018. Irrigation with brackish water reduced maize yield, and the reduction in yield in 2018 was greater than that in 2017, but irrigation with 2.0 g·L−1 brackish water did not significantly reduce maize yield in 2017. These results suggest that reducing the salinity of irrigation water may effectively reduce soil N2O emission, alleviate the degree of soil salinization, and increase crop yield.

scholarly journals An advantageous level of irrigation water salinity for wheat cultivation

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Mojid ◽  
KFI Murad ◽  
SS Tabriz ◽  
GCL Wyseure
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Chloride Salt ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity

Response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Shatabdi) to irrigation water of five salinity levels was investigated at the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) farm with a view to search for a possible advantageous salinity level for the crop. The experiment comprised five treatments ? I1: irrigation by fresh water of background salinity 0.385 dS m?1 (control) and I2 ? I5: irrigation by synthetic saline water (prepared by mixing sodium chloride salt with fresh water) of electrical conductivity (EC) 4, 7, 10 and 13 dS m?1 (at 25oC), respectively. Wheat was grown under three irrigations applied at maximum tillering, booting and milking/grain filling stages, and with recommended fertilizer dose. Irrigation water of EC ?10 dS m?1 significantly (p = 0.05) suppressed most growth and yield attributes, and yield of wheat compared to irrigation by fresh water (I1). An attention-grabbing observation was that irrigation by saline water of 4 dS m?1 (I2) contributed positively to the crop attributes. Leaf area index (LAI), spike length, spikelets and grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and above ground dry matter (ADM) of wheat increased by 1.9?3.4, 0.9, 2.6, 7.4, 2.1 and 2.8?6.0%, respectively in I2 compared to the control. The improvement in the LAI and ADM in I2 was significant over I1. Because of the largest spike density, the utmost grain (3.85 t ha?1), straw (5.09 t ha?1) and biomass (8.93 t ha?1) yields of wheat were however obtained under I1. The proposition of the advantageous irrigation water salinity level of 4 dS m?1 thus warrants further investigation DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18225 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 141-146, 2013

scholarly journals Growth stage sensitivity of wheat to irrigation water salinity

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Mojid ◽  
MS Mia ◽  
AK Saha ◽  
SS Tabriz
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Booting Stage ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity

The effects of irrigation water salinity (12 dS m?1), imposed at maximum tillering (35?40 days after sowing, DAS) or booting (50?60 DAS) or grain filling (75?85 DAS) stage of wheat, on growth and yield of the crop was demonstrated. The experiment comprised four treatments – I1: irrigation by fresh water (FW) at all three growth stages (control), I2: irrigation by saline water (SW) at maximum tillering stage and by FW at other stages, I3: irrigation by SW at booting stage and by FW at other stages, and I4: irrigation by SW at grain filling stage and by FW at other stages. The experiment was set in a randomized complete block with three replications. Wheat was grown under three irrigations (each of 3 cm) and recommended fertilizer doses (120 kg N, 32 kg P, 62 kg K, 20 kg S, 3 kg Zn and 1 kg B ha?1). Salinity of irrigation water imposed, separately, at the three growth stages did not impart significant (p = 0.05) negative influence on plant height, spike density, spike length, spikelets and grains per spike and 1000-grain weight. It, however, significantly hindered leaf area index (LAI), above ground dry matter (ADM), grain and straw yields, grain-straw ratio and water productivity of the crop. The least grain (3.622 t ha?1) and straw (5.772 t ha?1) yields, LAI (1.24 and 2.18 at 50 and 70 DAS, respectively), ADM (0.80, 4.78 and 7.66 t ha?1) and water productivity (186.5 and 297.3 kg ha?1 cm?1) obtained under I3 implied that salinity of irrigation water imposed at booting stage exerted the maximum retarding effects on the growth and yield of wheat. Grain yield decreased by 13.4% in I3 over the control, I1. An increase in grain and biomass yields by 14.3 and 11.9%, respectively under I2 over I1 demonstrated a positive contribution of irrigation water salinity imposed at maximum tillering stage of wheat. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18226 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 147-152, 2013

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