scholarly journals Assessment of Agricultural Water Productivity in Arid China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161
Author(s):  
Nana Yan ◽  
Bingfang Wu ◽  
Weiwei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Similar Factor ◽  
Statistical Survey

The water crisis has become increasingly serious, particularly in arid and semiarid areas. Agricultural water productivity (AWP) is an important indicator for evaluating water use efficiency and agricultural water management. This study uses water consumption derived from satellite data, combined with statistical survey information, to analyze the spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of AWP at the region and county scales over the past 15 years (2002–2015) in the Turpan region (China). The results showed the increasing change trends of AWP throughout Turpan and its three counties. A multiple regression analysis was applied to evaluate AWP, agricultural production and water consumption with driving factors. The contribution of agricultural factors (fertilizer amount, pesticide use and irrigation area) was 86.3% for change of production and 93.3% for change of water consumption in Turpan. The synchronous changes associated with the similar factor contributions resulted in a nonsignificant change in AWP for the whole region. However, the significant increase in AWP in Toksun County was caused by a weakened effect of synchronous changes due to the difference between the largest contributing factors (irrigation area for production at 29.3% and temperature for water consumption at 35.4%). The different change trends of the AWP at regional and county levels indicated that agricultural planting structure adjustment could be an effective way to improve water productivity. This paper provides objective and new information to understand the effects of AWP changes at regional and county scales, which is beneficial for irrigation agriculture development in Turpan.

scholarly journals WATER FOOTPRINT OF CROP PRODUCTION IN TEHRAN PROVINCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Rezaei Kalvani ◽  
Amir Hamzah Sharaai ◽  
Latifah Abd Manaf ◽  
Amir Hossein Hamidian
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Blue Water ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Severe Water Stress ◽  
Tehran Province

Evaluation of supply chain of water consumption contributes toward reducing water scarcity, as it allows for increased water productivity in the agricultural sector. Water Footprint (WF) is a powerful tool for water management; it accounts for the volume of water consumption at high spatial and temporal resolution. The objective of this research is to investigate the water footprint trend of crop production in Tehran from 2008 to 2015 and to assess blue water scarcity in the agricultural sector. Water consumption of crop production was evaluated based on the WF method. Evapotranspiration was evaluated by applying the CROPWAT model. Blue water scarcity was evaluated using the blue water footprint-to-blue water availability formula. The results demonstrate that pistachio, cotton, walnut, almond, and wheat have a large WF, amounting to 11.111 m3/kg, 4,703 m3/kg, 3,932 m3/kg, 3,217 m3/kg, and 1.817 m3/kg, respectively. Agricultural blue water scarcity amounted to 0.6 (severe water stress class) (2015–2016). Agricultural water consumption in Tehran is unsustainable since it contributes to severe blue water scarcity. Tehran should reduce agricultural water scarcity by reducing the water footprint of the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals WATER FOOTPRINT OF CROP PRODUCTION IN TEHRAN PROVINCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Rezaei Kalvani ◽  
Amir Hamzah Sharaai ◽  
Latifah Abd Manaf ◽  
Amir Hossein Hamidian
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Blue Water ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Severe Water Stress ◽  
Tehran Province

Evaluation of supply chain of water consumption contributes toward reducing water scarcity, as it allows for increased water productivity in the agricultural sector. Water Footprint (WF) is a powerful tool for water management; it accounts for the volume of water consumption at high spatial and temporal resolution. The objective of this research is to investigate the water footprint trend of crop production in Tehran from 2008 to 2015 and to assess blue water scarcity in the agricultural sector. Water consumption of crop production was evaluated based on the WF method. Evapotranspiration was evaluated by applying the CROPWAT model. Blue water scarcity was evaluated using the blue water footprint-to-blue water availability formula. The results demonstrate that pistachio, cotton, walnut, almond, and wheat have a large WF, amounting to 11.111 m3/kg, 4,703 m3/kg, 3,932 m3/kg, 3,217 m3/kg, and 1.817 m3/kg, respectively. Agricultural blue water scarcity amounted to 0.6 (severe water stress class) (2015–2016). Agricultural water consumption in Tehran is unsustainable since it contributes to severe blue water scarcity. Tehran should reduce agricultural water scarcity by reducing the water footprint of the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals Evolution of Groundwater in Yinchuan Oasis at the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River after Water-Saving Transformation and Its Driving Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1304
Author(s):  
Lina Mi ◽  
Juncang Tian ◽  
Jianning Si ◽  
Yuchun Chen ◽  
Yinghai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Irrigation Period

In recent years, the amount of water diverted from the Yellow River has been decreasing year by year, which is the biggest problem for the development and utilization of water resources in Yinchuan Oasis (YCO). Through the implementation of the Agricultural Water-saving Transformation Project (AWSTP), water resource shortage in the YCO has been alleviated greatly, and ecological degradation problems, such as soil salinization, have also been effectively addressed. However, how the shallow groundwater in YCO has changed after the AWSTP remains unclear. This paper, based on a lot of statistical data and measured data, and by using statistical and geostatistical methods, reveals the evolution of shallow groundwater in YCO in the past 18 years (2000–2017), since the implementation of the AWSTP and its driving factors, from two aspects: groundwater dynamics and groundwater quality. The results show that compared with the initial stage of AWSTP, the amount of water diverted from the Yellow River for the YCO reduced by 36%, and accordingly, the average groundwater depth in the irrigation period increased from 0.98 m to 2.01 m, representing an increase of 1.03 m, and an average annual increase of 6cm. Moreover, the depth increase in the irrigation period is higher than that in the non-irrigation period, and that in the Northern Irrigation Area (NIA) is higher than that in the Southern Irrigation Area (SIA). Furthermore, the groundwater storage is decreasing at a rate of 855.6 × 104 m3·a−1, and the cumulative storage has reduced by nearly 1.54 × 108 m3, indicating that it is in a long-term negative equilibrium. In terms of temporal and spatial distribution of total dissolved solids (TDS) in groundwater, the TDS in SIA and NIA decreased from 1.41 g·L−1 and 1.84 g·L−1 to 1.15 g·L−1 and 1.77 g·L−1, respectively. The saline water area with a TDS above 5 g·L−1 and the freshwater area with a TDS below 1 g·L−1 decreased by 16.6 km2 and 334.4 km2, respectively, while the brackish water area with a TDS of 1~3 g·L−1 increased by 492 km2. The spatial and temporal distribution heterogeneity of TDS in groundwater is reduced and is in a slight desalinized trend overall. However, the groundwater in some areas, such as the Xingqing District, Jinfeng District, Xixia District, Yongning County, Helan County and Huinong District of Yinchuan Oasis, is at risk of further salinization. Due to the agricultural water-saving caused by the reduction of water amount diverted from the Yellow River, the groundwater recharge in YCO was reduced by 36.3%, which, together with measures such as drainage, groundwater exploitation, and industrial restructuring, drives the groundwater circulation in the YCO to a new equilibrium. This study can help us to understand the influencing process and mechanism of agricultural water-saving on groundwater systems in YCO and provide reference for efficient use and optimal allocation and management of agricultural water resources.

Interaction of Irrigation and Nitrogen on Water Consumption Characteristics and Yield in Oat Variety Longyan 3 in Northwest Oasis Irrigation Area

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Xue FENG ◽  
Ping MU ◽  
Gui-Qin ZHAO ◽  
Ji-Kuan CHAI ◽  
Huan LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Irrigation Area

Study on Calculation Methods of Agricultural Water Supply Cost in the Plain Irrigation Area of the Yellow River

2012 ◽  
Vol 212-213 ◽  
pp. 498-501
Author(s):  
Rui Guo ◽  
Sheng Le Cao
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Water Pricing ◽  
Water Price ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Agricultural Water Supply

Scientific and reasonable water price is the foundation of beneficial operation of water supply project, and water pricing is on the basis of per cubic meter water supply cost. According to characteristics of water supply project in the plain irrigation area of the Yellow River, a research on calculation methods of agricultural water supply cost is made. Calculation formulas of project lines are put forward and an example was given.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of sports consumption habits in Hungary, Poland and Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dávid Paár ◽  
Antal Kovács ◽  
Miklós Stocker ◽  
Márk Hoffbauer ◽  
Attila Fazekas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Sports Clubs ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Sports Consumption ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sports Venues ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The so-called sports consumption models are looking for the factors that influence the sports spending of households. This paper aims to examine the Hungarian, Polish and German households’ sports expenditures which can be an important indicator of physical activity and sporty lifestyle. Methods Surveying of households in three countries (Hungary, Poland and Germany) has been conducted with a self-designed questionnaire. We have used descriptive and bivariate non-parametric and parametric statistical methods: (1) χ2 test, Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test for checking the relationship between sociodemographic and physical activity variables and (2) independent sample t-test and ANOVA for checking the differences in sports expenditures. Results Our research concluded that men, especially previous athletes, exercise more than women and those who have no history as registered athletes. The choice of sports venues is obviously different between the countries in the sample. Members of the study population spend the most on sports services while they spend the least on sports equipment. German households have the highest spending rates compared to the other two countries. Conclusions Results are in line with our previous research findings and with other literatures. The difference in preferences of sports venues could have the reason of different supply of sports clubs or the different living standards too. It needs further researches to clear it. Material wealth, income level and sport socialisation can be a determining factor regarding the level of sports spending.

Policy for increasing feeder stock of Bali cattle (Bos javonicus domesticus) in Kupang District

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 235-248
Author(s):  
Maria Krova ◽  
◽  
M. F. Lalus ◽  
Markus M. Kleden ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Supply Management ◽  
Stock Management ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
Bali Cattle ◽  
The Difference

The scarcity of feeder stock of Bali cattle (Bos javonicus domesticus) in Kupang Regency is currently increasing. One of the contributing factors is the difference in management between the fattening business that produces beef cattle and the breeding business that produces feeders and heifers. The research aims to determine: the interaction between actors to increase the supply of feeder; the behavior of feeder population based on actual stock management, and the necessary policy interventions to increase the supply of feeder. The research was conducted by applying a dynamics systems approach. This modelling used ventana systems software. Data and mental models were collected through observation, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews with key informants. The results showed that the interaction between actors was limited to the marketing of cattle for both local and domestic markets. The actual feeders supply management shows that cattle population tends to decline due to low calving rate (70%), high calves mortality (35%), and the high slaughtering of productive females (80%). The necessary policy interventions are to implement various efforts to increase the calving rate to be 80%, reduce the mortality rate by applying 2% feed supplementation, and reduce the sales of productive females to be 50%. The actual supply management of Bali feeders needs to be engineered by increasing stakeholder services that coordinate synergistically for learning innovation and technology. It is necessary to establish a breeder cooperative to suppress the sale of productive cows as the cause of its high slaughtering

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