scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of Beach Well Intake as Pre-Treatment for a Desalination Plant

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2420
Author(s):  
Omar Alagha ◽  
Osama Abuhajar
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Filtration Step

Pre-treatment of seawater plays a critical role in removing colloidal particles, algae, sediment, and microbes, which could adversely affect the desalination process. This study focused on the utilization of the natural process of infiltration by beach wells to pre-treat the intake water for the desalination process. The scope of the study was achieved by drilling two beach wells at Al-Khobar and Jubail sites at the Arabian Gulf of Saudi Arabia at 50 m depth each. In addition to that, a total of eight monitoring wells were drilled for pump testing. Numerical modeling was conducted using SEEP/W to investigate the properties of well water flux at the beach wells. The comprehensive physio-chemical parameters such as cation, silt density index (SDI), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), salinity, and alkalinity were analyzed for a quality assessment concerning the actual seawater. Preliminary experimental results show a reduction of the targeted parameters and indicate that beach well sand filtration in the Eastern Province would be a valuable pre-filtration step in reverse osmosis (RO)-based drinking water production systems. The water flux values for both sites were 0.0197 and 0.0208 m3/s/m2, respectively, which corresponds to 72 m3/h/m2 and 1356.48 m3/h/m2. In terms of the rate of pumping flow, the model suggests production can be increased by 20 and 53 times the measured production of the Jubail and Al-Khobar sites, respectively. The experimental results of water parameters, such as cation, SDI, TDS, TSS, etc., indicate that beach well sand filtration in the Eastern Province would be a valuable pre-filtration step in reverse osmosis drinking water production systems.

Biofilm bacteria inactivation by citric acid and resuspension evaluations for drinking water production systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 463-472
Author(s):  
Y.P. Tsai ◽  
T.Y. Pai ◽  
J.Y. Hsin ◽  
T.J. Wan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Bacteria Inactivation ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Biofilm Bacteria

The study investigates the inactivation of biofilm bacteria colonized on the surface of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes delivering either groundwater or treated wastewater. It does so using a citric acid (C6H8O7) solution. The results of the study showed that the optimal conditions of the biofilm bacteria inactivation were over 10,000 mg/L citric acid concentration and 60 minutes of contact time at least. Under these conditions, the removal efficiency could reach above 99.999% for heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria and 99.95% for coliform bacteria. The study also showed that the biofilm bacteria were the major sources of planktonic bacteria resuspended into water purified by drinking water production systems (DWPS).

Pilot plant trials: management of membrane concentrate

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-599
Author(s):  
N. Vigneron-Larosa ◽  
A.-S. Lescourret ◽  
A. Bignon ◽  
C. Breda ◽  
B. Bozkaya-Schrotter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Plant Trials

In surface water nanofiltration (NF) for drinking water production, 15 to 25% of the feed is rejected by the membranes. Two complementary approaches are investigated in order to manage concentrates. On one hand, an additional NF stage allows an increase in the yield of drinking water production from 85 to 94%. Thirty-days filtration cycles are achieved. Conductivity, natural organic matter (NOM) and micropollutant contents of permeate fully satisfy drinking water standards. On the other hand removal of phosphonates, micropollutants and NOM is investigated in order to treat the concentrate before disposal. Phosphorus is removed by adsorption on pre-treatment sludge: removal reaches 82% with 100 ppm of suspended solids. To eliminate pesticides and NOM, adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC) is studied with pilot scale fixed bed columns. Within 20 minutes contact time, selected pesticides are completely eliminated. NOM removal is approximately 30% with wood based GAC.

scholarly journals Contribution of Numerical Modeling to a Drinking Water Production Plan

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 724-733
Author(s):  
A. Giunti ◽  
M. Giannetti ◽  
B. Sani ◽  
G. Vincenti ◽  
M. Bellatalla
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Production Plan ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Drinking Water Production

Pilot study on arsenic removal from groundwater using a small-scale reverse osmosis system—Towards sustainable drinking water production

2016 ◽  
Vol 318 ◽  
pp. 671-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan-André Schmidt ◽  
Ephraim Gukelberger ◽  
Mario Hermann ◽  
Florian Fiedler ◽  
Benjamin Großmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Drinking Water Production

Coagulation/flocculation/ultrafiltration for natural organic matter removal in drinking water production

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Costa ◽  
M.N. de Pinho
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Membranes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drinking Water Production

Membrane fouling by natural organic matter (NOM), namely by humic substances (HS), is a major problem in water treatment for drinking water production using membrane processes. Membrane fouling is dependent on membrane morphology like pore size and on water characteristics namely NOM nature. This work addresses the evaluation of the efficiency of ultrafiltration (UF) and Coagulation/Flocculation/UF performance in terms of permeation fluxes and HS removal, of the water from Tagus River (Valada). The operation of coagulation with chitosan was evaluated as a pretreatment for minimization of membrane fouling. UF experiments were carried out in flat cells of 13.2×10−4 m2 of membrane surface area and at transmembrane pressures from 1 to 4 bar. Five cellulose acetate membranes were laboratory made to cover a wide range of molecular weight cut-off (MWCO): 2,300, 11,000, 28,000, 60,000 and 75,000 Da. Severe fouling is observed for the membranes with the highest cut-off. In the permeation experiments of raw water, coagulation prior to membrane filtration led to a significant improvement of the permeation performance of the membranes with the highest MWCO due to the particles and colloidal matter removal.

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