scholarly journals Water Demand Scenarios for Electricity Generation at the Global and Regional Levels

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2482
Author(s):  
Julia Terrapon-Pfaff ◽  
Willington Ortiz ◽  
Peter Viebahn ◽  
Ellen Kynast ◽  
Martina Flörke
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Energy Scenario ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
The Impact

Electricity generation requires water. With the global demand for electricity expected to increase significantly in the coming decades, the water demand in the power sector is also expected to rise. However, due to the ongoing global energy transition, the future structure of the power supply—and hence future water demand for power generation—is subject to high levels of uncertainty, because the volume of water required for electricity generation varies significantly depending on both the generation technology and the cooling system. This study shows the implications of ambitious decarbonization strategies for the direct water demand for electricity generation. To this end, water demand scenarios for the electricity sector are developed based on selected global energy scenario studies to systematically analyze the impact up to 2040. The results show that different decarbonization strategies for the electricity sector can lead to a huge variation in water needs. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) does not necessarily lead to a reduction in water demand. These findings emphasize the need to take into account not only GHG emission reductions, but also such aspects as water requirements of future energy systems, both at the regional and global levels, in order to achieve a sustainable energy transition.

scholarly journals The Role of Electric Power Sector in China’s Global Economic Expansion

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 188-202
Author(s):  
R. A. Epikhina
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Economic Expansion ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses some of the major characteristics and trends of China’s economic expansion in the global power industry. It argues that by investing in electricity infrastructure China creates prerequisites for long-term dominance in one of the key sectors in a number of countries and regions. Deals in the power sector are mainly implemented by state-owned companies and facilitated by state-owned financial institutions. In terms of structure and geography, foreign investment in the electricity sector is dominated by traditional types of generation in developing countries. However, China has been diversifying into renewables, nuclear power and grids and entering markets of the developed countries. The creation of a special international organization (GEIDCO) should facilitate its expansion in the electricity sector abroad. It is worth noting that foreign economic expansion plays an important role in supporting China’s slowing economy amid the transformation of its growth model. It allows China to adopt advanced technologies and best management practices in developed countries while forming alternative value chains, as well as promoting its own equipment and standards (especially in ultra-high voltage power transmission) in the developing countries. However, given the impact of the trade war, increasing securitization of the Chinese foreign investments, Chinese authorities’ control over capital outflows and the rising environmental concerns in developing countries, further expansion of the Chinese capital in the global electricity industry is likely to be held back, while competition from non-Chinese electricity companies is likely to grow.

scholarly journals Does Combined Heat and Power Play the Role of a Bridge in Energy Transition? Evidence from a Cross-Country Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo-Jin Kim ◽  
Jeong-Joon Yu ◽  
Seung-Hoon Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Parameter Estimate ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Impact

In an era of energy transition involving an increase in renewable energy and a reduction in coal-fired power generation and nuclear power generation, the role of combined heat and power (CHP) as a bridging energy is highly emphasized. This article attempts to look empirically into the impact of increasing the share of renewable energy in total electricity generation on CHP share in total electricity generation in a cross-country context. Data from 35 countries during the period 2009–2015 were used, and the least absolute deviations estimator was applied to obtain a more robust parameter estimate. The results showed that a 1%p increase in the share of renewable energy significantly increased the CHP share by 0.87%p. Therefore, the hypothesis that CHP serves as bridge energy in the process of energy transition was established.

scholarly journals Effects of a Delayed Expansion of Interconnector Capacities in a High RES-E European Electricity System

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 3098
Author(s):  
Ritter ◽  
Meyer ◽  
Koch ◽  
Haller ◽  
Bauknecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Electricity Trading ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
System A ◽  
The Impact

In order to achieve a high renewable share in the electricity system, a significant expansion of cross-border exchange capacities is planned. Historically, the actual expansion of interconnector capacities has significantly lagged behind the planned expansion. This study examines the impact that such continued delays would have when compared to a strong interconnector expansion in an ambitious energy transition scenario. For this purpose, scenarios for the years 2030, 2040, and 2050 are examined using the electricity market model PowerFlex EU. The analysis reveals that both CO2 emissions and variable costs of electricity generation increase if interconnector expansion is delayed. This effect is most significant in the scenario year 2050, where lower connectivity leads roughly to a doubling of both CO2 emissions and variable costs of electricity generation. This increase results from a lower level of European electricity trading, a curtailment of electricity from a renewable energy source (RES-E), and a corresponding higher level of conventional electricity generation. Most notably, in Southern and Central Europe, less interconnection leads to higher use of natural gas power plants since less renewable electricity from Northern Europe can be integrated into the European grid.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Electricity Demand and Generation in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10836
Author(s):  
Kelly D’Alessandro ◽  
Andrew Chapman ◽  
Paul Dargusch
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Exponential Smoothing ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Smoothing Method ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Domestic Energy ◽  
Exponential Smoothing Method ◽  
The Impact

This research considered changes in monthly electricity generation and demand in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Observed network electricity demand and generation type for the January–June 2020 period were compared to forecast values (using a triple exponential smoothing method) based on trends established from 2016 to 2019. Regional level electricity demand data showed little variation from expected trends for domestic energy users, but lower than expected business and industrial network demand, particularly in the 50–2000 kW cohort. Electricity demand was most likely to deviate from existing trends in May 2020, which is in-line with the voluntary lockdown activities. These results are consistent with observed patterns from other international studies into the impact of COVID-19 on electricity demand. Generation was found to be reduced in May and June of 2020, without significant impacts to the generation makeup, largely due to Japan’s positioning within a broader energy transition context. These findings validate previous studies and add to the broader discussions on drivers and the rationale for electricity demand behaviors between user scales. Previous studies examined the electricity demand reductions of full and partial lockdowns. This analysis adds to this discourse by documenting the impacts of a voluntary lockdown.

Direct Tax Incentives to Power Sector in India: A Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-123
Author(s):  
Sanjiv Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Market Failure ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Direct Tax

The article examines in detail, as a test case, the impact of direct tax incentives on the power sector in India. The Indian power sector is regulated and has been the greatest beneficiary of the various tax incentives. Direct taxes foregone to the power companies alone are estimated to be ₹700,000 million during the fiscal year 2006–2007 to 2014–2015. The power companies in India have enjoyed profit-linked tax holidays (Section 80 IA), accelerated depreciation (Section 32), easy accessibility of external commercial borrowings and a low withholding tax of 5 per cent on overseas borrowing. The study does a ‘three-way examination’ of the impact of the tax incentives by examining: (i) macroeconomic indicators, (ii) firm level data and (iii) micro-indicators. The findings are that (i) there is no evidence of any real benefits accruing to the economy either in the form of increased foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to the sector, gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) in the sector or commensurate growth in electricity sector vis-à-vis other sectors of the economy or in the economy as a whole due to the several decades of direct tax incentives to the power sector in India; (ii) clearly, the loss of revenue from the tax incentives is real and substantial and (iii) the financial ratios of the three power companies (National Thermal Power Corporation [NTPC], Tata Power and Reliance Energy) indicate that they are capable of raising resources on their own and the theory of market failure may not apply to them.

scholarly journals AN APPRAISAL OF THE IMPACT OF THE ELECTRICITY POWER SECTOR REFORM PROJECT ON INDUSTRIALIZATION IN NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaddeus C. Eze
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Partial Privatization ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Billing System ◽  
Reform Project ◽  
Electricity Power ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the effect of the electricity power sector reform Act on industrialization in Nigeria. Power has been a recurring problem in Nigeria in what has been commonly referred to as the electricity gap. The federal government of Nigeria came up with a comprehensive legislation to boost power supply. The implementation of this legislation has led to a partial privatization of the hitherto fully state-owned parastatal that was responsible for electricity generation and supply. The paper examines the outcome of the Electricity Power Sector Reform Act (EPSRA), 2005 on the rate and level of industrialization in Nigeria. It was found that the Act has not, in any way, significantly improved electricity supply in Nigeria. Consequently, Nigerian industries are still groaning under increased cost of production occasioned largely by epileptic power supply. The absence of prepaid digital meters for the billing of many electricity consumers has also worsened the plight of industries that use electricity, and which are forced to pay for electricity supplied under an estimated billing system. The study adopted the doctrinal research approach.

Solar photovoltaics demand for the global energy transition in the power sector

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 505-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Breyer ◽  
Dmitrii Bogdanov ◽  
Arman Aghahosseini ◽  
Ashish Gulagi ◽  
Michael Child ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transition ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Solar Photovoltaics

scholarly journals Heterogeneous Impacts of Extreme Climate Risks on Global Energy Consumption Transition: An International Comparative Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4189
Author(s):  
Jiaying Peng ◽  
Yuhang Zheng ◽  
Ke Mao
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
Extreme Climate ◽  
The Impact

In response to the uncertainty of extreme climate change, energy consumption structure has been actively adjusted globally. Based on panel data of 101 countries or regions from 2006 to 2019, a panel data model with fixed effects is used to analyze the heterogeneous impacts of extreme climate risks on global consumption transition. The results show that extreme climate change has promoted the transition of the energy structure, reduced the consumption of fossil energy, and increased the consumption of renewable energy. Meanwhile, there are heterogeneous impacts of extreme climate change risks on the energy transition when different countries suffering from extreme weather conditions. Areas with high levels of economic development and coastal countries are more inclined to respond to climate change through energy transition. It is further confirmed that, under the impact of business cycle and oil price fluctuations, economic recession and falling oil prices will strengthen the correlation between climate risk and the global energy transition, and governments need to pay more attention to the impact of climate risks.

scholarly journals Unlocking Opportunities in Renewable Energy Technologies in Africa: The Role of Development Financial Institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-110
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Viyon Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
The Impact

Climate change and global warming are undeniably undermining global development with developing or emerging economies being the worse hit in this unfortunate development. In recent times, it has become necessary to adopt effective adaptation measures that mitigate the impact of climate change on the social, political, and economic environment. A global shift to low-carbon energy technologies through the gradual integration of renewable energy resources in the global energy mix has been generally proposed. Whilst legal and regulatory initiatives are indeed crucial in driving this global energy transition, it is equally imperative that the necessary capital is unlocked to finance the construction, development, and expansion of renewable energy projects in Africa. This paper focused on examining the impact of renewable energy technologies on climate change mitigation, and analysed the role of Development Financial Institutions (DFIs) in unlocking the vast opportunities associated with renewable energy technologies or projects, with a view to driving the clean energy transition in Africa.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document