scholarly journals Water Quality and Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Some Karst Water Sources in Apuseni Mountains, Romania

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 857
Author(s):  
Maria-Alexandra Hoaghia ◽  
Ana Moldovan ◽  
Eniko Kovacs ◽  
Ionut Cornel Mirea ◽  
Marius Kenesz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Karst Water ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Apuseni Mountains ◽  
Karst Waters

Human activities and natural factors determine the hydrogeochemical characteristics of karst groundwaters and their use as drinking water. This study assesses the hydrogeochemical characteristics of 14 karst water sources in the Apuseni Mountains (NW Romania) and their potential use as drinking water sources. As shown by the Durov and by the Piper diagrams, the chemical composition of the waters is typical of karst waters as it is dominated by HCO3− and Ca2+, having a circumneutral to alkaline pH and total dissolved solids ranging between 131 and 1092 mg L−1. The relation between the major ions revealed that dissolution is the main process contributing to the water chemistry. Limestone and dolostone are the main Ca and Mg sources, while halite is the main Na and Cl source. The Gibbs diagram confirmed the rock dominance of the water chemistry. The groundwater quality index (GWQI) showed that the waters are of excellent quality, except for two waters that displayed medium and good quality status. The quality of the studied karst waters is influenced by the geological characteristics, mainly by the water–rock interaction and, to a more limited extent, by anthropogenic activities. The investigated karst waters could be exploited as drinking water resources in the study area. The results of the present study highlight the importance of karst waters in the context of good-quality water shortage but also the vulnerability of this resource to anthropogenic influences.

Establishment of groundwater baseline using end-member mixing analysis in the groundwater flow system approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Rodriguez Padilla ◽  
Selene Olea Olea ◽  
Oscar Escolero Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Groundwater Flow System ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Groundwater Sampling ◽  
Flow Components

<p>The aim of this research is to establish the groundwater baseline in a sub-basin located in the southwest of Mexico City, an area affected by anthropogenic activities.</p><p>The methodology consists of groundwater sampling in 40 sites to measure major ions and physicochemical parameters as temperature, pH, Eh, and total dissolved solids. The end-member mixing analysis was applied using the groundwater flow system approach. The groundwater baseline was established using flow components that were defined.</p><p>The main results are: to found four groundwater flow components: 1) local, 2) intermediate, 3) cold regional, and 4) hot regional; to established a groundwater baselines; to relate the anomalous concentrations of nitrate and sulfate due to anthropogenic activities in the area; to associate the fertilizer use, wastewater, and the canal leaching black waters as the principal sources of these concentrations.</p><p>The conclusions show the importance to use the groundwater flow system approach to differentiate natural processes as hydrochemical evolution due to water-rock interaction of the anthropogenic influence. In the context where groundwater is extracted without knowing its baseline and the anthropological implications, the groundwater flow system approach to permit generated best management and administration strategies.</p>

Major ions, δD, δ18O and microbial characterization of drinking water sources along the West Coast of Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amban B. Sanga ◽  
Bijingsi Melisa ◽  
Wilson Y. Fantong ◽  
Hycinth S. Banseka ◽  
Samuel N. Ayonghe
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
The West ◽  
Drinking Water Sources ◽  
Microbial Characterization

Toxic Chemical Survey of Municipal Drinking Water Sources in Atlantic Canada 1985-1988

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-732
Author(s):  
H.J. O’Neill ◽  
T.L. Pollock ◽  
C.L. Brun ◽  
J.A. Doull ◽  
D.A. Léger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Atlantic Canada ◽  
Municipal Water Supply ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Aesthetic

Abstract During the period of 1985 to 1988, municipal water supply sources in Atlantic Canada were sampled and analyzed for various compounds including major ions, nutrients, heavy metals, pesticides and synthetic organic chemicals. Both surface and ground water sources were sampled. Ninety-eight percent of supply sources were within the health-related maximum acceptable concentrations of the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality (Health and Welfare Canada 1987), and eighty-five percent within the aesthetic guidelines. A geographic information system was used to classify the municipal sources by surrounding land-use and comparisons made to nitrate-N. All samples reported as 1.0 mg.L−1 or greater were from ground water supplies in areas classed as high agricultural use. Though a direct input from agriculture was established for two wells, the source of nitrate-N at the remaining sites was attributed to soil-N and/or fertilizer-N.

scholarly journals Spatial Characteristics of Groundwater Chemistry in Unzen, Nagasaki, Japan

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Kei Nakagawa ◽  
Hiroki Amano ◽  
Ronny Berndtsson
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Nitrate Pollution ◽  
Groundwater Chemistry ◽  
Livestock Waste ◽  
Nitrate Sources ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Drinking Water Standard

Nitrate pollution in groundwater is a serious problem in Shimabara Peninsula, Nagasaki, Japan. A better understanding of the hydrogeochemical evolution of groundwater in vulnerable aquifers is important for health and environment. In this study, groundwater samples were collected at 12 residential and 57 municipal water supply wells and springs in July and August 2018. Nitrate (NO3−N) concentration at eight sampling sites (12%) exceeded Japanese drinking water standard for NO3 + NO2−N (10 mg L−1). The highest nitrate concentration was 19.9 mg L−1. Polluted groundwater is distributed in northeastern, northwestern, and southwestern areas, where land is used for intensive agriculture. Correlation analysis suggests that nitrate sources are agricultural fertilizers and livestock waste. Dominant groundwater chemistry is (Ca+Mg)−HCO3 or (Ca+Mg)−(SO4+NO3) type. Groundwater with higher nitrate concentration is of (Ca+Mg)−(SO4+NO3) type, indicating nitrate pollution affecting water chemistry. Principal component analysis extracted two important factors controlling water chemistry. The first principal component explained dissolved ions through water–rock interaction and agricultural activities. The second principal component explained cation exchange and dominant agricultural effects from fertilizers. Hierarchical cluster analysis classified groundwater into four groups. One of these is related to the dissolution of major ions. The other three represent nitrate pollution.

Hygiene Aspects of Drinking Water Sources Used in Primary Milk Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 311-317
Author(s):  
Nada Sasakova ◽  
Gabriela Gregova ◽  
Jan Venglovsky ◽  
Ingrid Papajova ◽  
Bozena Nowakowicz-Debek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Drinking Water Sources

Resorcinarene Cavitand Polymers for the Remediation of Halomethanes and 1,4-Dioxane

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Skala ◽  
Anna Yang ◽  
Max Justin Klemes ◽  
Leilei Xiao ◽  
William Dichtel
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Porous Polymer ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Executive Summary ◽  
Regulatory Limits

<p>Executive summary: Porous resorcinarene-containing polymers are used to remove halomethane disinfection byproducts and 1,4-dioxane from water.<br></p><p><br></p><p>Disinfection byproducts such as trihalomethanes are some of the most common micropollutants found in drinking water. Trihalomethanes are formed upon chlorination of natural organic matter (NOM) found in many drinking water sources. Municipalities that produce drinking water from surface water sources struggle to remain below regulatory limits for CHCl<sub>3</sub> and other trihalomethanes (80 mg L<sup>–1</sup> in the United States). Inspired by molecular CHCl<sub>3</sub>⊂cavitand host-guest complexes, we designed a porous polymer comprised of resorcinarene receptors. These materials show higher affinity for halomethanes than a specialty activated carbon used for trihalomethane removal. The cavitand polymers show similar removal kinetics as activated carbon and have high capacity (49 mg g<sup>–1</sup> of CHCl<sub>3</sub>). Furthermore, these materials maintain their performance in real drinking water and can be thermally regenerated under mild conditions. Cavitand polymers also outperform activated carbon in their adsorption of 1,4-dioxane, which is difficult to remove and contaminates many public water sources. These materials show promise for removing toxic organic micropollutants and further demonstrate the value of using supramolecular chemistry to design novel absorbents for water purification.<br></p>

A facile technique for automatically counting odor-producing algae (Pseudanabaena sp.) in drinking water sources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Boivin ◽  
Eri Hasegawa ◽  
Dabide Yamaguchi ◽  
Takahiro Fujioka
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Drinking Water Sources

The frequent analysis of the 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB)-generating algae, Pseudanabaena sp., for predicting odor occurrence in drinking water sources is a major challenge for many drinking water utilities. This study aims...

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