scholarly journals Optimal Operation Model of Drainage Works for Minimizing Waterlogging Loss in Paddy Fields

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 2811
Author(s):  
Zhenyang Liu ◽  
Yujiang Xiong ◽  
Juzeng Xu ◽  
Shihong Yang ◽  
Zewei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
River System ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Adaptive Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events

The risk of flood or waterlogging in irrigation districts has increased due to global climate change and intensive human activities. A Model of Optimal Operation of Drainage Works (MOODW) for flat irrigation district was established by incorporating the hydrological model of waterlogging process and waterlogging loss estimation, which was solved by an optimization method of genetic algorithm. The model of waterlogging process was built based on a modified Tank model and hydrodynamic model for the ditch-river system. The waterlogging loss is calculated under the condition of inconstant inundated depth by linear interpolation. The adaptive genetic algorithm with the global optimization function was selected to solve the model. With an extreme rainfall events in Gaoyou irrigation district as cases, results showed that operation time and numbers of pumps increased; thus, operating costs were 1.4 times higher than before, but the yield loss of rice decreased by 35.4% observably. Finally, the total waterlogging loss was reduced by 33.8% compared with the traditional operation of waterlogging work. The most significant improvement was found in units with high waterlogging vulnerability. The MOODW can provide the waterlogging information visually and assist the district manager in making a reasonable decision.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal, influenza-like illness and dermatological complaints following exposure to floodwater: a cross-sectional survey in The Netherlands

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (7) ◽  
pp. 1445-1454 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. DE MAN ◽  
L. MUGHINI GRAS ◽  
B. SCHIMMER ◽  
I. H. M. FRIESEMA ◽  
A. M. DE RODA HUSMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Influenza Like Illness ◽  
Pluvial Flooding ◽  
Gp Visits

SUMMARYExtreme rainfall events may cause pluvial flooding, increasing the transmission of several waterborne pathogens. However, the risk of experiencing clinically overt infections following exposure to pluvial floodwater is poorly estimated. A retrospective cross-sectional survey was performed to quantify the occurrence of self-reported gastrointestinal, influenza-like illness (ILI) and dermatological complaints, and the frequency of visits to the general practitioner (GP), during a 4-week observation period following pluvial flooding at seven locations in The Netherlands. Questionnaires were sent to 817 flooded households, 149 (17%) of which returned the questionnaire reporting information for 199 participants. Contact with floodwater was significantly associated with increased occurrence of gastrointestinal [odds ratio (OR 4·44)], ILI (OR 2·75) and dermatological (OR 6·67) complaints, and GP visits (OR 2·72). Having hand contact with floodwater was associated with gastrointestinal and dermatological complaints, whereas ILI complaints were associated with being engaged in post-flooding cleaning operations and having walked/cycled through floodwater. This study shows that floodwater-associated diseases occur in urban settings following extreme rainfall events in a high-income country. As pluvial floods are expected to escalate in the future due to global climate change, further research is warranted to determine the disease burden of pluvial flooding and to assess the effect of different interventions, including raising awareness among stakeholders.

Derivation of Monthly Operating Rules for Cascade Hydropower Stations Based on SVM

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 1673-1676
Author(s):  
Ting Zhou ◽  
Chang Ming Ji ◽  
Bi Kui Zhao
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Operating Rules ◽  
Hydropower Stations ◽  
System Power

In order to promote the efficiency of actual hydropower system operation under limited inflow forecast, an Implicit Stochastic Optimization method using Support Vector Machine (SVM) theory is proposed in this paper to derive long-term optimal operating rules. By applying the model to the Jinsha-Yangtze river system which is the largest hydropower base in China, fitting performance of operating rules is explained and evaluated. System simulation results are given and compared to deterministic optimal operation. Power output processes comparison shows that the average annual system power generation in two scenarios are 395TWh and 392TWh, and the overall operation processes are in well accordance with explicable inconsistency, which proves the efficiency of SVM in operating rules derivation for hydropower stations.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variability studies of precipitation considering the future climate scenarios, with emphasis on extreme events

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Marchezan Bezerra ◽  
Ana Maria Heuminski de Avila ◽  
Vânia Rosa Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) affirms that in future climate scenarios, the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events may intensify as a result of changes in the global climate, causing negative impacts on the population and natural ecosystems. Therefore, the impacts caused by these events will require adaptations which, in turn, will be based on future projections carried out through simulations of various global and regional models. Thus, this scientific initiation project had the objective of studying the frequency and spatial variability of extreme rainfall events in the city of Campinas, through simulations carried out using the regional model ETA-HADGEM2-ES and surface meteorological data, considering present and future scenarios.

scholarly journals Índices de Detecção de Mudanças Climáticas Derivados da Precipitação Pluviométrica e das Temperaturas em Recife-PE (Detection Indexes Derived from Climate Change Rainfall and Temperatures in Recife-PE)

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werônica Meira Souza ◽  
Pedro Vieira Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Daily Data

Este trabalho objetiva verificar as tendências dos índices de detecção de mudanças climáticas derivados da precipitação pluviométrica e das temperaturas máximas e mínimas em Recife, a partir do software RClimdex, com o propósito de averiguar se houve mudanças no comportamento dos elementos climáticos analisados. Foram utilizados dados diários da precipitação pluviométrica e das temperaturas (máximas e mínimas) no período de 1961 a 2008 em Recife, cedidos pelo INMET. Os resultados derivados da precipitação não apresentaram tendências significativas de redução. Por outro lado, diagnosticou-se aumento da frequência de eventos extremos de chuvas a partir da década de 80, com chuvas diárias superiores a 100 mm. Em relação aos índices associados às temperaturas, todos apontam tendências positivas, indicando aumento das temperaturas máximas e mínimas em torno de 1oC nos 47 anos analisados, com aumento da frequência de dias e noites mais quentes, constatando-se aumento de ondas de calor na região. Apesar dos resultados apresentarem mudanças nos índices climáticos, estas alterações não necessariamente estão associadas a uma mudança climática global, mas principalmente as ações antropogências através da modificação do espaço. Palavras-chave: Mudança climática, precipitação pluviométrica, temperaturas, RClimdex.  Detection Indexes Derived from Climate Change Rainfall and Temperatures in Recife-PE  ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the detection rates of climate change derived from rainfall and maximum and minimum temperatures in Recife, through the RClimdex software, with the purpose of investigate whether there were changes in the behavior of climatic elements analyzed. It used daily data of rainfall and temperatures (maximum and minimum) in the period 1961 to 2008 in Recife, assigned by INMET. The results derived from the precipitation did not show significant trends of reduction. On the other hand, was diagnosed with increasing frequency of extreme rainfall events from the 1980, with daily rainfall exceeding 100 mm. Compared to the temperatures associated with, all indicate positive trends, indicating an increase of the maximum and minimum temperatures around 1 °C in 47 years analyzed, with increased frequency of hot days and nights, it noted the increase in heat waves in the region . Although the results present changes in climate indices, these changes are not necessarily associated with global climate change, but mainly through the actions of anthropogenic modification of the space. Keywords: Climate change, rainfall, temperatures, RClimdex.

scholarly journals Analysis of Climate Change and 24-Hour Design Storm Depths for a Range of Return Periods Across South Carolina

2015 ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Derek Hutton ◽  
Nigel B. Kaye ◽  
William D. Martin
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Return Period ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
The State ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Total Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Design Storm

A warming climate leads to a moister atmosphere and more rapid hydrologic cycle. As such, many parts of the country are predicted to experience more total rainfall per year and more frequent extreme rainfall events. Most regions of the country have stormwater systems designed to a standard that matches outflow rates to pre-development values for specified return period storms. Increases in these return period storm depths, as predicted by many global climate models, will stress existing stormwater infrastructure. This paper examines how rainfall patterns will change over the remainder of the century across the state of South Carolina. Rainfall simulations from 134 realizations of 21 global climate models were analyzed across the state of South Carolina through 2099. Results show that there will be increases in both annual total rainfall (ATR) and 24-hour design storm depth for a range of return period storms. Across South Carolina, ATR is predicted to increase by approximately 2.3-4.0 inches over the forecast period while the 100 year design storm depth is predicted to increase by 0.5-1.2 inches depending on location. However there are significant regional variations with the Savannah River Basin experiencing smaller increases in ATR compared to the rest of the state.

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