Temporal Changes in Flow Regime along the River Vistula

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 2840
Author(s):  
Ewa Bogdanowicz ◽  
Emilia Karamuz ◽  
Renata Julita Romanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Flow Regime ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Precipitation Characteristics ◽  
Dry Spell ◽  
Spell Length

The flow regime in the River Vistula is influenced by climatic and geographical factors and human intervention. In this study, we focus on an analysis of flow and precipitation variability over time and space following the course of the River Vistula. Multi-purpose statistical analyses of a number of runoff and precipitation characteristics were performed to present a general overview of the temporal and spatial changes. Since the important feature of the hydrological regime of Polish rivers is the seasonality of runoff associated with the occurrence of cold (winter) and warm (summer) seasons within a hydrological year, a seasonal approach is applied to describe specific seasonal features that can be masked when using annual data. In general, the results confirm popular impressions about changes in winter season runoff characteristics, i.e., significantly decreasing daily maxima, increasing daily minima and a decrease in concentration, and so a bigger uniformity of winter daily flows. An interesting behaviour of minimum flows in the summer has been revealed, which is contrary to social perceptions and the alarming changes taking place in the other parts of the world. Additionally, precipitation indexes related to the formation of droughts show no trends, e.g., the mean value of the maximum dry spell length.

scholarly journals CECHY REŻIMU ODPŁYWU RZEK KOTLINY KŁODZKIEJ

1970 ◽  
pp. 65-83
Author(s):  
ADAM PERZ
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Flow Regime ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Groundwater Runoff ◽  
Flow Variability ◽  
Total Runoff ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gauging Station

This paper seeks to identify the features of the flow regime of the rivers in Kłodzka Valley in terms of the runoff, the structure and the spatiotemporal variabilities. The analysis was carried out on the basis of data provided by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management from the period of 1971–2015 and obtained from 8 gauging stations located in 5 rivers. The research embraced the Nysa Kłodzka river and its main tributaries to the gauging station in Kłodzko. The runoff conditions in the analysed sub-basins are different. As a result, the rivers in Kłodzka Valley have different regime features. Due to the regularities in their flow variability, they can be classified into 2 types of hydrological regime: nival and nival-pluvial. There are significant differences in the total runoff, from 375 mm in Kłodzko to above 700 mm in the Wilczka river. The differences also occur in terms of the groundwater runoff and its contribution to the total runoff which ranges between 31% and 53%. All of the analysed basins have contributions to groundwater runoff below the mean value for the entire country (55%). In terms of viabilities of discharges, in general there are differences between the upper Nysa Kłodzka and its eastern tributaries and the western part of the basin.

MEASUREMENT OF RADON SOIL GAS IN AND AROUND BHARATHINAGARA, MANDYA DISTRICT

2019 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
T S Shashikumar ◽  
S Revanna ◽  
M N Ramachandra ◽  
G V Ashok ◽  
C Ningappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Soil Gas ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
The World

Abstract Radon activity concentration in soil gas has been studied in and around Bharathinagara, Mandya district (12° 13|| N and 77° 20|| E) using Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors with Twin cup dosimeter. The activity concentration of 222Rn in soil gas was studied at two depths. Radon in soil gas was found to increase with depth and decrease with increase in moisture content of the soil. Radon in soil gas was found to be higher in winter season which varies from 0.22 ± 0.01 to 1.31 ± 0.01 kBq/m3 with a Geometric mean value of 0.56 ± 0.01 kBq/m3 in 1 m depth and lower radon soil gas was found to be 0.16 ± 0.01 to 0.60 ± 0.01 kBq/m3 with a Geometric mean value of 0.30 ± 0.01 kBq/m3 in 0.5 m depth during summer season. The activity concentrations of radon soil gas from in and around Bharathinagara are lower compared to those in other parts of the world.

scholarly journals Assessing baseflow index vulnerability to variation in dry spell length for a range of catchment and climate properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (16) ◽  
pp. 2496-2509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Longobardi ◽  
Anne Frederike Van Loon
Keyword(s):  
Dry Spell ◽  
Spell Length

Projected changes in extreme precipitation intensity and dry spell length in Côte d’Ivoire under future climates

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 871-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assi Louis Martial Yapo ◽  
Adama Diawara ◽  
Benjamin K. Kouassi ◽  
Fidèle Yoroba ◽  
Mouhamadou Bamba Sylla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Precipitation Intensity ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Dry Spell ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
Spell Length

scholarly journals SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF SNOW DEPTH ON FIRST-YEAR ICE BASED ON FY3B/MWRI IN THE ARCTIC

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B3-2020 ◽  
pp. 881-885
Author(s):  
L. Li ◽  
H. Chen ◽  
L. Guan
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analysis ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
First Year ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Distribution Features ◽  
The Stability

Abstract. As an important factor in the stability of the climate system in the northern hemisphere, the Arctic has recently attracted considerable attention. In the Arctic, most sea ice is covered by snow year-round, except in the snow-melting season. Given its high albedo and low thermal conductivity, snow cover on sea ice is considered a key component of amplified warming in the Arctic. However, in Arctic regions, the only products available are for snow depths on first-year ice. Therefore, this paper studies the temporal and spatial changes of snow depth on first-year ice in the Arctic using the snow depth on sea ice product determined from the Microwave Radiation Imager onboard the Feng Yun-3B satellite. We averaged the daily snow depth on first-year ice data to give monthly and annual values over the period 2011–2018, using flags for multiyear ice and melting points. Taking the 2012 data as an example, the analysis results show that the spatial distribution of snow depth in the monthly and annual data is similar over the whole first-year ice area. The snow depth basically decreases with latitude, and the distribution features exhibit little variation by month and year. The weekly mean snow depth on first-year ice begins to increase from October/November due to snowfall, and reaches a maximum value in late April/early May of the next year. There is no obvious law governing the inter-annual variation of snow depth in the Arctic from 2011–2018.

scholarly journals Water Balance Estimation Using Integrated GIS-Based WetSpass Model in the Birki Watershed, Eastern Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Esayas Meresa ◽  
Abbadi Girmay ◽  
Amare Gebremedhin
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Wetspass Model

This study aims to estimate long-term average annual and seasonal water balance components for Birki watershed using WetSpass model with the integrated geospatial modeling approach with ten years’ hydro-meteorological and biophysical data of the watershed. Both primary and secondary data were collected using both field survey and disk-based data collection methods. The WetSpass model was used for data analysis purposes. The finding showed that in the summer season the annual groundwater recharge is 24.1 mm year-1 (96.5%), winter season mean groundwater recharge is 0.8 mm year-1 (3.5%) and yearly mean groundwater recharge is 24.9 mm year-1, Surface runoff yearly mean value is 40.6 mm year-1, Soil evaporation yearly mean value is 10.8 mm year-1, Evapotranspiration yearly mean value is 60.8 mm year-1, Intersection loss yearly mean value is 17 mm year-1, and Transpiration loss yearly value is 6.8 mm year-1 in the entire watershed. The mean annual precipitation, which is 573 mm, is contributed to 7.4%, 7.1% and 85.5% recharge to the groundwater, to surface runoff, and evapotranspiration, respectively. Annually 1.1205 million m3 water recharges into the groundwater table as recharge from the precipitation on the entire watershed. The contribution of this study could be used as baseline information for regional water resource experts, policy makers and researchers for further investigation. It can also be concluded that integrated WetSpass and GIS-based models are good indicators for estimating and understanding of water balance components in a given watershed to implement an integrated watershed management plan for sustainable utilization and sustainable development.

scholarly journals Observed Trends in Summertime Precipitation over the Southwestern United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1937-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce T. Anderson ◽  
Jingyun Wang ◽  
Guido Salvucci ◽  
Suchi Gopal ◽  
Shafiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Southwestern United States ◽  
Storm Activity ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Precipitation Characteristics ◽  
Monsoon Area ◽  
Intense Storm ◽  
Dry Spell ◽  
Current Century

Abstract In this paper, the authors evaluate the significance of multidecadal trends in seasonal-mean summertime precipitation and precipitation characteristics over the southwestern United States using stochastic, chain-dependent daily rainfall models. Unlike annual-mean precipitation, trends during the summertime monsoon, covering the period 1931–2000, indicate an overall increase in seasonal precipitation, the number of rainfall events, and the coverage of rainfall events in peripheral regions north of the “core” monsoon area of Arizona and western New Mexico. In addition, there is an increasing trend in intense storm activity and a decreasing trend in extreme dry-spell lengths. Over other regions of the domain, there are no discernible trends found in any of the observed characteristics. These trends are robust to the choice of start dates and, in the case of seasonal-mean precipitation, appear to persist into the current century.

scholarly journals The response of precipitation characteristics to global warming from climate projections

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Giorgi ◽  
Francesca Raffaele ◽  
Erika Coppola
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Potential Predictability ◽  
Precipitation Characteristics ◽  
Dry Spell ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Light Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Events

Abstract. We revisit the issue of the response of precipitation characteristics to global warming based on analyses of global and regional climate model projections for the 21st century. The prevailing response we identify can be summarized as follows: increase in the intensity of precipitation events and extremes, with the occurrence of events of “unprecedented” magnitude, i.e., a magnitude not found in the present-day climate; decrease in the number of light precipitation events and in wet spell lengths; and increase in the number of dry days and dry spell lengths. This response, which is mostly consistent across the models we analyzed, is tied to the difference between precipitation intensity responding to increases in local humidity conditions and circulations, especially for heavy and extreme events, and mean precipitation responding to slower increases in global evaporation. These changes in hydroclimatic characteristics have multiple and important impacts on the Earth's hydrologic cycle and on a variety of sectors. As examples we investigate effects on potential stress due to increases in dry and wet extremes, changes in precipitation interannual variability, and changes in the potential predictability of precipitation events. We also stress how the understanding of the hydroclimatic response to global warming can provide important insights into the fundamental behavior of precipitation processes, most noticeably tropical convection.

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