scholarly journals The Role of Forests in Climate Change Regarding Carbon, Nitrogen, and Water: A Case Study of Pinus densiflora

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3050
Author(s):  
Dong Kook Woo ◽  
Wonseok Do
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Pinus Densiflora ◽  
Biogeochemical Model ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Rcp Scenarios ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Use Efficiency

We examined the influence of climate change on the dynamics of Pinus densiflora, the most dominant tree species in South Korea, to explore its potential for climate change mitigation. We considered changes in precipitation, temperature, and CO2 under four representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios separately and in combination to evaluate the responses of Pinus densiflora to climate change. A well-tested ecohydrological and biogeochemical model, ecosys, was used to study the Gwangneung Experimental Forest in South Korea. Results showed that the positive effects of CO2 fertilizer on gross primary productivity (GPP) and net primary productivity (NPP) outweighed the negative effects caused by changes in precipitation and temperature. In particular, NPP improvements of 3.79%, 13.44%, 18.26%, and 28.91% were modeled under RCP values of 2.6, 4.5, 6.5, and 8.5, respectively, compared to the baseline. We found that nitrogen leaching and N2O flux reduced as climate change become severe due to increases in nutrient uptake, leading to reduced soil nitrogen losses. Although evapotranspiration increased as the intensity of climate change increased, reductions in the stomatal opening improved the water use efficiency of Pinus densiflora. These results indicated that Pinus densiflora could serve as an environmentally friendly option to minimize climate change consequences.

scholarly journals Effects of Climate Change and Ozone Concentration on the Net Primary Productivity of Forests in South Korea

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Park ◽  
Dong Lee ◽  
Jianbang Gan ◽  
Chan Park ◽  
Songyi Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Ozone Concentration ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Carbon Fluxes from Bamboo Forests and their Response to Climate Change Based on a BEPS Model in China

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 366
Author(s):  
Fangfang Kang ◽  
Xuejian Li ◽  
Huaqiang Du ◽  
Fangjie Mao ◽  
Guomo Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Carbon Fluxes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The North ◽  
Boreal Ecosystem ◽  
Beps Model

Carbon flux is the main basis for judging the carbon source/sink of forest ecosystems. Bamboo forests have gained much attention because of their high carbon sequestration capacity. In this study, we used a boreal ecosystem productivity simulator (BEPS) model to simulate the gross primary productivity (GPP) and net primary productivity (NPP) of bamboo forests in China during 2001–2018, and then explored the spatiotemporal evolution of the carbon fluxes and their response to climatic factors. The results showed that: (1) The simulated and observed GPP values exhibited a good correlation with the determination coefficient (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), and absolute bias (aBIAS) of 0.58, 1.43 g C m−2 day−1, and 1.21 g C m−2 day−1, respectively. (2) During 2001–2018, GPP and NPP showed fluctuating increasing trends with growth rates of 5.20 g C m−2 yr−1 and 3.88 g C m−2 yr−1, respectively. The spatial distribution characteristics of GPP and NPP were stronger in the south and east than in the north and west. Additionally, the trend slope results showed that GPP and NPP mainly increased, and approximately 30% of the area showed a significant increasing trend. (3) Our study showed that more than half of the area exhibited the fact that the influence of the average annual precipitation had positive effects on GPP and NPP, while the average annual minimum and maximum temperatures had negative effects on GPP and NPP. On a monthly scale, our study also demonstrated that the influence of precipitation on GPP and NPP was higher than that of the influence of temperature on them.

scholarly journals Effects of climatic factors on the net primary productivity in the source region of Yangtze River, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Yuan ◽  
Yongqiang Wang ◽  
Jijun Xu ◽  
Zhiguang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Primary Reason ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Increasing Trend

AbstractThe ecosystem of the Source Region of Yangtze River (SRYR) is highly susceptible to climate change. In this study, the spatial–temporal variation of NPP from 2000 to 2014 was analyzed, using outputs of Carnegie–Ames–Stanford Approach model. Then the correlation characteristics of NPP and climatic factors were evaluated. The results indicate that: (1) The average NPP in the SRYR is 100.0 gC/m2 from 2000 to 2014, and it shows an increasing trend from northwest to southeast. The responses of NPP to altitude varied among the regions with the altitude below 3500 m, between 3500 to 4500 m and above 4500 m, which could be attributed to the altitude associated variations of climatic factors and vegetation types; (2) The total NPP of SRYR increased by 0.18 TgC per year in the context of the warmer and wetter climate during 2000–2014. The NPP was significantly and positively correlated with annual temperature and precipitation at interannual time scales. Temperature in February, March, May and September make greater contribution to NPP than that in other months. And precipitation in July played a more crucial role in influencing NPP than that in other months; (3) Climatic factors caused the NPP to increase in most of the SRYR. Impacts of human activities were concentrated mainly in downstream region and is the primary reason for declines in NPP.

scholarly journals Simulating Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Sichuan Grassland Net Primary Productivity Using the CASA Model and In Situ Observations

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanjiang Tang ◽  
Xinyu Fu ◽  
Dong Jiang ◽  
Jingying Fu ◽  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Light Use Efficiency ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Casa Model ◽  
Use Efficiency

Net primary productivity (NPP) is an important indicator for grassland resource management and sustainable development. In this paper, the NPP of Sichuan grasslands was estimated by the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) model. The results were validated with in situ data. The overall precision reached 70%; alpine meadow had the highest precision at greater than 75%, among the three types of grasslands validated. The spatial and temporal variations of Sichuan grasslands were analyzed. The absorbed photosynthetic active radiation (APAR), light use efficiency (ε), and NPP of Sichuan grasslands peaked in August, which was a vigorous growth period during 2011. High values of APAR existed in the southwest regions in altitudes from 2000 m to 4000 m. Light use efficiency (ε) varied in the different types of grasslands. The Sichuan grassland NPP was mainly distributed in the region of 3000–5000 m altitude. The NPP of alpine meadow accounted for 50% of the total NPP of Sichuan grasslands.

scholarly journals Revival of traditional best practices for rangeland restoration under climate change in the dry areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 643-659
Author(s):  
Azaiez Ouled Belgacem ◽  
Farah Ben Salem ◽  
Mouldi Gamoun ◽  
Roukaya Chibani ◽  
Mounir Louhaichi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Dry Areas ◽  
Southern Tunisia ◽  
Grazing Systems

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the benefits of reintroducing traditional grazing systems practices for improving arid rangelands. Grazing is the most extensive land use in southern Tunisia, but the rangelands have suffered many decades of severe degradation due to profound socioeconomic changes and the emergence of an agro-pastoral society in place of the former pastoral one. Traditional grazing systems (gdel and herd mobility), which had historically allowed for grazing deferment and control of grazing livestock were abandoned. Yet grazing management strategies are important tools to sustain integrated livestock rangeland production systems in dry areas in the face of ongoing climate change and human pressure. Design/methodology/approach This study assesses the revival of traditional best practices of rangeland resting in a representative community. Total plant cover, species composition, flora richness and range production were determined in six rangeland sites subjected respectively to one, two and three years of rest; one and two years of light grazing after rest; and free grazing (control). Findings Results showed that dry rangelands keep their resilience to the negative effects of climate change once human pressure is controlled. A maximum of two years of rest is enough to sustainably manage the rangelands in southern Tunisia, as this protection showed considerable and positive effects on the parameters scored. Originality/value The revival of the traditional best practices under new arrangements adapted to current biophysical and socioeconomic conditions would be an excellent tool to mitigate the negative effects of frequent droughts and reduce the animal feed costs that poor farmers face.

Quantitatively assessing the effects of climate change and human activities on ecosystem degradation and restoration in southwest China

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Z. G. Sun ◽  
J. S. Wu ◽  
F. Liu ◽  
T. Y. Shao ◽  
X. B. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Ecosystem Degradation ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Degraded Ecosystem ◽  
Annual Means

Identifying the effects of climate change and human activities on the degradation and restoration of terrestrial ecosystems is essential for sustainable management of these ecosystems. However, our knowledge of methodology on this topic is limited. To assess the relative contribution of climate change and human activities, actual and potential net primary productivity (NPPa and NPPp respectively), and human appropriation of net primary productivity (HANPP) were calculated and applied to the monitoring of forest, grassland, and cropland ecosystems in Yunnan–Guizhou–Sichuan Provinces, southwest China. We determined annual means of 476 g C m–2 year–1 for NPPa, 1314 g C m–2 year–1 for NPPp, and 849 g C m–2 year–1 for HANPP during the period between 2007 and 2016. Furthermore, the area with an increasing NPPa accounted for 75.12% of the total area of the three ecosystems. Similarly, the areas with increasing NPPp and HANPP accounted for 77.60 and 57.58% of the study area respectively. Furthermore, we found that ~57.58% of areas with ecosystem restored was due to climate change, 23.39% due to human activities, and 19.03% due to the combined effects of human activities and climate change. In contrast, climate change and human activities contributed to 19.47 and 76.36%, respectively, of the areas of degraded ecosystem. Only 4.17% of degraded ecosystem could be attributed to the combined influences of climate change and human activities. We conclude that human activities were mainly responsible for ecosystem degradation, whereas climate change benefitted ecosystem restoration in southwest China in the past decade.

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