scholarly journals Assessing Community Disaster Resilience in Flood-Prone Areas of Bangladesh: From a Gender Lens

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Musabber Ali Chisty ◽  
Md. Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
Nesar Ahmed Khan ◽  
Syeda Erena Alam Dola
Keyword(s):  
Data Representation ◽  
Concept Development ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Gender Lens ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Community Disaster Resilience

The main purpose of this study was to assess the level of community flood resilience with a special focus on gender. A gender perspective ensures the representation of diversified voices in the study. From concept development to data representation, all the steps were completed ensuring gender-based inclusion. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to conduct the study. A total of 402 responses were analyzed as the sample. A linear structured questionnaire was developed by using a five-point Likert scale to collect quantitative data. As part of the qualitative tool, in-depth observation was used in the study. The study found that female members of the community lag in terms of disaster resilience comparing to their male counterparts. The scores in different components of resilience assessment framework indicate that there are gaps in terms of level of resilience from the gender perspective. The same disaster can create a disproportionate level of impact on women and men due to an unequal level of resilience. The study indicates that assessing community disaster resilience and introducing resilience enhancement interventions should focus on a gender-based approach.

Digital governance in Mongolia and Taiwan: A gender perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-210
Author(s):  
Battulga Buyannemekh ◽  
Tzuhao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Country Report ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Digital Governance ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Official Sources ◽  
Gender Lens

The objective of this country report is to apply a gender lens to examine the development of digital governance in two democratic countries in the Asia-Pacific: Mongolia and Taiwan. By studying various contextual factors and presenting interpretations associated with gender and the process of digital transformation in these two countries, this research underscores the gender-based differences in ICT usage based on the available data from governmental and other official sources. The paper concludes with possible e-government practices that can help mitigate digital gender divide and transition to gender-sensitive, evidence-based policymaking that serves both genders.

Violence Against Women and Children Following the 2011 Great East Japan Disaster: Making the Invisible Visible Through Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 862-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieko Yoshihama ◽  
Tomoko Yunomae ◽  
Azumi Tsuge ◽  
Keiko Ikeda ◽  
Reiko Masai
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Unwanted Sexual Contact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
The Invisible

This study reports on 82 unduplicated cases of violence against women and children after the Great East Japan Disaster of March 2011. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from informants who worked with the disaster-affected populations. In addition to domestic violence, reported cases involved sexual assault and unwanted sexual contact, including quid pro quo assault perpetrated by nonintimates. Perpetrators often exploited a sense of fear, helplessness, and powerlessness and used threats to force compliance with sexual demands in exchange for life-sustaining resources. Findings point to the urgent need to develop measures to prevent and respond to postdisaster gender-based violence.

scholarly journals Professional Development in Mathematics Education—Evaluation of a MOOC on Outdoor Mathematics

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
pp. 2975
Author(s):  
Eugenia Taranto ◽  
Simone Jablonski ◽  
Tomas Recio ◽  
Christian Mercat ◽  
Elisabete Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Task Design ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Message Board ◽  
Digital Tool ◽  
Massive Open Online Course ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Teachers Professional Development ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we examine the impact of a massive open online course (MOOC) in the context of outdoor mathematics on the participating teachers’ professional development. We firstly introduce the theoretical background on outdoor mathematics, focusing on math trails with the digital tool MathCityMap and professional development to be accomplished using MOOCs. By taking into account the MOOC “Task Design for Math Trails”, with 93 finalists, we analyze the learning progress of 19 selected case studies from different nations and learning levels by taking into account their answers in a pre- and post-questionnaire and their posts on a specific communication message board, with a special focus on the MOOC’s topics’ task design for outdoor mathematics and the digital tool MathCityMap. The analysis is performed using different quantitative and qualitative approaches. The results show that the teachers studied have benefited from professional development, which is evident in the expansion/evolution of their knowledge from a content, pedagogical, and technological perspective. Finally, we formulate consequences for professional development in STEM education, and conclude the paper with limitations to be drawn and a perspective for further research.

scholarly journals Efficient Collection and Representation of Preverbal Data in Typical and Atypical Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian B. Pokorny ◽  
Katrin D. Bartl-Pokorny ◽  
Dajie Zhang ◽  
Peter B. Marschik ◽  
Dagmar Schuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Audio Signal ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Typical Development ◽  
Audio Analysis ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Atypical Development

Abstract Human preverbal development refers to the period of steadily increasing vocal capacities until the emergence of a child’s first meaningful words. Over the last decades, research has intensively focused on preverbal behavior in typical development. Preverbal vocal patterns have been phonetically classified and acoustically characterized. More recently, specific preverbal phenomena were discussed to play a role as early indicators of atypical development. Recent advancements in audio signal processing and machine learning have allowed for novel approaches in preverbal behavior analysis including automatic vocalization-based differentiation of typically and atypically developing individuals. In this paper, we give a methodological overview of current strategies for collecting and acoustically representing preverbal data for intelligent audio analysis paradigms. Efficiency in the context of data collection and data representation is discussed. Following current research trends, we set a special focus on challenges that arise when dealing with preverbal data of individuals with late detected developmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder or Rett syndrome.

scholarly journals Measurement of Social Networks for Innovation within Community Disaster Resilience

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Wilkin ◽  
Eloise Biggs ◽  
Andrew Tatem
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Policy Planning ◽  
Critical Methodology ◽  
Research And Policy ◽  
Community Disaster Resilience

Disaster risk reduction (DRR) research has long recognised that social networks are a vital source of support during and after a shock. However, the quantification of this social support, primarily through its recognition as social capital, has proven problematic as there is no singular method for its measurement, invalidating the credibility of studies that try to correlate its effects with community disaster resilience. Within the wider resilience field, research that specifically utilises social networks as the focus of analysis is evolving. This paper provides a critical synthesis of how this developing discourse is filtering into community disaster resilience, reviewing empirical case studies from the Global South within DRR that use social network analysis and connectivity measurement. Our analysis of these studies indicates that a robust methodology utilising social network analysis is emerging, which offers opportunity for research cross-comparability. Our review also finds that without this bottom-up mapping, the implementation of top-down preparedness policy and procedures are likely to fail, resulting in the advocation of social network analysis as a critical methodology in future resilience research and policy planning.

scholarly journals Benchmarking Community Disaster Resilience in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanam K. Aksha ◽  
Christopher T. Emrich
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Recovery Capacity ◽  
Community Disaster Resilience

Building disaster resilience is a stated goal of disaster risk reduction programs. Recent research emphasizes a need for a greater understanding of community disaster response and recovery capacity so that communities can absorb shocks and withstand severe conditions and progress through the recovery period more efficiently. Nepal, which is prone to a multitude of hazards and having recently experienced a large earthquake in 2015, provides a unique opportunity for exploring disaster resilience in the developing world context. To date, no study investigating community disaster resilience across the entire country of Nepal exists. This study quantifies disaster resilience at Nepal’s village level, primarily using census data. Guided by the Disaster Resilience of Place (DROP) model, 22 variables were selected as indicators of social, economic, community, infrastructure, and environmental resilience. Community resilience was assessed for 3971 village development communities (VDCs) and municipalities while using a principal component analysis. Additionally, a cluster analysis was performed to distinguish spatial patterns of resilience. Analyses reveal differential community disaster resilience across the country. Communities in the capital city Kathmandu and in the western and far western Hill are relatively resilient. While the entire Tarai region, which holds the greatest proportion of Nepal’s population, exhibits relatively low levels of resilience when compared to the rest of the county. The results from this analysis provide empirical evidence with the potential to help decision-makers in the allocation of scarce resources to increase resilience at the local level.

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