scholarly journals Vehicle-to-Water (V2W) Concept for Disaster Relief to Ensure Safe Access to Freshwater and Electricity—A Proposed System Where Electric Vehicles Power the Desalination Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Jennifer Leijon ◽  
Olof Lindahl
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Water Energy Nexus ◽  
Innovative System ◽  
Safe Access ◽  
New System

In this paper, the concept of vehicle-to-water is proposed for disaster relief. This, along with a presentation of a new system including an electric vehicle of van type, with roof-mounted solar panels and a desalination system installed in its cargo hold. The system can be used for transportation and water and electricity supply, with zero tailpipe emissions. The mobile electric vehicle and desalination system are expected to be beneficial for communities with an urgent need for freshwater while also lacking electricity, such as during natural disasters or societal crises in coastal regions. It is related to the water–energy nexus and is an interdisciplinary project. The electric vehicle would have to be charged from a grid-connected charging infrastructure, and the desalination system would require an inlet of seawater and would generate freshwater and brine. The presentation of the innovative system is followed by a brief case study, estimating the amount of freshwater that could be generated and the amount of people that could benefit from such a system. It is estimated that one system could produce up to 29,333 L of freshwater daily, suggesting that around 1466 people could fulfill their personal daily freshwater need of 20 L during a disaster.

scholarly journals Optimized Strategic Planning of Future Norwegian Low-Voltage Networks with a Genetic Algorithm Applying Empirical Electric Vehicle Charging Data

Electricity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-109
Author(s):  
Julian Wruk ◽  
Kevin Cibis ◽  
Matthias Resch ◽  
Hanne Sæle ◽  
Markus Zdrallek
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Network Planning ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Vehicle Charging ◽  
The Impact

This article outlines methods to facilitate the assessment of the impact of electric vehicle charging on distribution networks at planning stage and applies them to a case study. As network planning is becoming a more complex task, an approach to automated network planning that yields the optimal reinforcement strategy is outlined. Different reinforcement measures are weighted against each other in terms of technical feasibility and costs by applying a genetic algorithm. Traditional reinforcements as well as novel solutions including voltage regulation are considered. To account for electric vehicle charging, a method to determine the uptake in equivalent load is presented. For this, measured data of households and statistical data of electric vehicles are combined in a stochastic analysis to determine the simultaneity factors of household load including electric vehicle charging. The developed methods are applied to an exemplary case study with Norwegian low-voltage networks. Different penetration rates of electric vehicles on a development path until 2040 are considered.

scholarly journals Simulation of Future Electric Vehicle Charging Behavior—Effects of Transition from PHEV to FEV

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igna Vermeulen ◽  
Jurjen Rienk Helmus ◽  
Mike Lees ◽  
Robert van den Hoed
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Subsidy Scheme ◽  
Infrastructure Performance ◽  
Charging Stations

The Netherlands is a frontrunner in the field of public charging infrastructure, having one of the highest number of public charging stations per electric vehicle (EV) in the world. During the early years of adoption (2012–2015), a large percentage of the EV fleet were plugin hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) due to the subsidy scheme at that time. With an increasing number of full electric vehicles (FEVs) on the market and a current subsidy scheme for FEVs only, a transition of the EV fleet from PHEV to FEV is expected. This is hypothesized to have an effect on the charging behavior of the complete fleet, and is reason to understand better how PHEVs and FEVs differ in charging behavior and how this impacts charging infrastructure usage. In this paper, the effects of the transition of PHEV to FEV is simulated by extending an existing agent-based model. Results show important effects of this transition on charging infrastructure performance.

scholarly journals Studying the Formation of the Charging Session Number at Public Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5571
Author(s):  
Anastasia Gorbunova ◽  
Ilya Anisimov ◽  
Elena Magaril
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Preliminary Calculation ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Charging Stations

The energy industry is a leader of introduction and development of energy supply technologies from renewable energy sources. However, there are some disadvantages of these energy systems, namely, the low density and inconsistent nature of the energy input, which leads to an increase in the cost of the produced electric energy in comparison to the traditional energy complexes using hydrocarbon fuel resources. Therefore, the smart grid technology based on preliminary calculation parameters of the energy system develops in cities. This area should also be used to organize the charging infrastructure of electric vehicles, as the electrification of road transport is one of the global trends. As a result, a current task of the transport and energy field is the development of scientifically based approaches to the formation of the urban charging infrastructure for electric vehicles. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the application flow formation for the charge of the electric vehicle battery. The results obtained provide a basis for building a simulation model for determining the required number of charging stations in the city, taking into account the criteria of minimizing operating costs for electric vehicle owners and energy companies.

scholarly journals Future Policy and Technological Advancement Recommendations for Enhanced Adoption of Electric Vehicles in South Africa: A Survey and Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12535
Author(s):  
Mokhele Edmond Moeletsi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Electric Vehicle Adoption ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
High Level ◽  
Alternative Propulsion Systems

There are major concerns globally on the increasing population of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles and their environmental impact. The initiatives for the advancement of alternative propulsion systems, such as electric motors, have great opportunities, but are marked by a number of challenges that require major changes in policies and serious investment on the technologies in order to make them viable alternative mobility sources around the world. South Africa has struggled a lot in adopting electric vehicles among all the emerging countries. This is mostly attributed to a non-conducive environment for electric vehicle adoption. This study administered a survey consisting of Likert-scale questions in the Gauteng Province to gather information on people’s views on some of the major concerns around electric vehicle technology. The survey results demonstrated that Gauteng residents perceive electric vehicle price as the main constraint towards adoption of the technology and introduction of government policy towards addressing this challenge would be helpful. Some of the suggested interventions, such as the rollout of purchasing subsidies and tax rebates, received a high level of satisfaction among the respondents. Future initiatives that tackle issues of charging infrastructure network also received high satisfaction. Thus, there is a need for all stakeholders in the South African automotive industry to improve the enabling environment for the adoption of electric vehicles.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES

2012 ◽  
pp. 292-298
Author(s):  
VARUN. M ◽  
CHAITRA KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel Cell ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Main Concept ◽  
Technical Journal ◽  
Electric Automobile ◽  
Different Types

Electric vehicles are the transportation machines which uses electric energy as power source for movement. The objective of this technical journal is to propose an idea to solve the electric automobile problems which are causing the backlog for sales and demand of electric automobiles in the Indian market. This is a technical journal consisting of a case study of electric vehicle problems in India, applications and advantages of electric vehicles, simple analysis of problems one by one based on common thinking abilities, disadvantages in electric vehicles, discussion of preferable solutions for the electric vehicle problems and its disadvantages, field survey, listing the situation in order systematically, different types of batteries that can be used, motors that can be preferred for electric automobiles, preferred solution discussion including result discussion with an example of electric automobile and finally conclusions. We have discussed on batteries and motors that are suitable for electric vehicles. We have tried to solve the problems of electric vehicles after listing the problems that can be faced in electric vehicles one by one. The main concept of this paper is having the battery exchange stations to exchange the charge dried batteries to fully charged batteries. In battery exchange stations, a customer using electric vehicles should pay some amount and can exchange his used batteries to fully charged batteries. We have discussed the way of working of battery exchange stations. Hydrogen fuel cell concepts are also detailed in this paper.

scholarly journals The Evolution of the E-Vehicle Industry and its Path Towards Setting up Dominance in Automobile Industry - A Case Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Anantha Murthy ◽  
Nethravathi P. S.
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Government Legislation

Background/Purpose: The electric vehicle (EV) has gained a lot of attention from researchers in the twenty-first century as a green travel tool, leading to a series of in-depth studies. With the advancement of high-capacity batteries and electric vehicles, the value of electric vehicles will skyrocket, posing new problems to the power grid's safe and stable operation. This article briefly discusses a certain area of electric vehicles, such as government legislation, employability options, market trends, problems, and solutions to connected issues. Objective: The growth of the vehicle industry and its progress toward the government of India's "Make in India" mission for electric vehicles, as part of the National Electric Mobility Mission Plan to set up dominance in the automobile industry. Design/Methodology/Approach: Presentation of information collected from various scholarly articles, web articles, and analysis using the SWOC framework. Findings/Results: Based on the analysis of facts and figures and also by looking at the various scenarios of expansion of the electric vehicle industry in India, it is seen that this industry has seen considerable growth and progress in various avenues such as creating employment opportunities and country's economy. Few recommendations are also suggested to take the concept further. Research limitations/implications: The study is limited to the electric vehicle industry, though a total of 25 Industry sectors have been identified under ‘Make in India’. Originality/Value: This paper focuses on the growth of the electric vehicle industry and the factors that helped towards making ‘Make in India’ a reality. It also talks about the support given by Government to achieve the same. Paper Type: A Research Case study paper on the growth and dominance of the electric vehicle Industry and realization of the ‘Make in India’ concept.

scholarly journals A Reference Architecture for Interoperable Reservation Systems in Electric Vehicle Charging

Smart Cities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1405-1427
Author(s):  
Robert Basmadjian ◽  
Benedikt Kirpes ◽  
Jan Mrkos ◽  
Marek Cuchý
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Reference Architecture ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Reservation System ◽  
Stakeholder Requirements

The charging infrastructure for electric vehicles faces the challenges of insufficient capacity and long charging duration. These challenges decrease the electric vehicle users’ satisfaction and lower the profits of infrastructure providers. Reservation systems can mitigate these issues. We introduce a reference architecture for interoperable reservation systems. The advantages of the proposed architecture are: it (1) considers the needs of the most relevant electric mobility stakeholders, (2) satisfies the interoperability requirements of existing technological heterogeneity, and (3) provides a classification of reservation types based on a morphological methodology. We instantiate the reference architecture and verify its interoperability and fulfillment of stakeholder requirements. Further, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept by instantiating and implementing an ad-hoc reservation approach. Our validation was based on simulations of real-world case studies for various reservation deployments in the Netherlands. We conclude that, in certain high demand situations, reservations can save significant time for electric vehicle trips. The findings indicate that a reservation system does not directly increase the utilization of the charging infrastructure.

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