Substantiation for vitamin D supplementation in the elderly

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Natalya Mamylina
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Neutrophil Granulocytes ◽  
Blood Neutrophil ◽  
Peripheral Blood Neutrophil ◽  
Cytokine Balance ◽  
Sf 36

Role of vitamin D in the formation of pathogenic changes related to factors of innate immunity and cytokine status has been studied in 105 non-working women aged 61.0±1.25 years. Prior to the study, the quality of life has been determined using the SF-36 questionnaire, as well as decrease in total vitamin D content, violation of functional and metabolic status of peripheral blood neutrophil granulocytes, imbalance in subpopulation of lymphocytes, and production of Th1/Th2 cytokines have been revealed. Presence of direct correlation between the qualitative composition and oxygen-dependent metabolism of peripheral blood neutrophil granulocytes, vitamin D content, and cytokine balance has been proved. Vitamin D supplementation in a daily dose of 1000 reduced the severity of immune disorders in the patients, which confirms the need for vitamin D supplementation in the elderly with a vitamin D deficiency confirmed by laboratory tests.

scholarly journals A possible role of vitamin D in the treatment of COVID-19 disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-48
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Alexandra STANESCU ◽  
◽  
Anca Angela SIMIONESCU ◽  
Ioana Veronica GRAJDEANU ◽  
Mira FLOREA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Infections

Vitamin D has antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities playing an essential role as an adjuvant treatment to reduce the incidence and severity of various conditions, including influenza and recurrent respiratory infections. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are reported by many countries, especially in the elderly population, requiring intervention by vitamin D supplementation even before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. From the beginning of the pandemic, it was considered that vitamin D has a role in preventing and treating COVID-19. The few available studies show a perspective of vitamin D therapy in preventing and early treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The role of vitamin D in metabolic and reproductive disturbances of polycystic ovary syndrome: A narrative mini-review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Daniela Menichini ◽  
Gianpiero Forte ◽  
Beatrice Orrù ◽  
Giuseppe Gullo ◽  
Vittorio Unfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Beneficial Role

Abstract. Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone that plays a pivotal role in several metabolic and reproductive pathways in humans. Increasing evidence supports the role of vitamin D deficiency in metabolic disturbances and infertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Indeed, supplementation with vitamin D seems to have a beneficial role on insulin resistance and endometrial receptivity. On the other hand, exceedingly high levels of vitamin D appear to play a detrimental role on oocytes development and embryo quality. In the current review, we summarize the available evidence about the topic, aiming to suggest the best supplementation strategy in women with PCOS or, more generally, in those with metabolic disturbances and infertility. Based on the retrieved data, vitamin D seems to have a beneficial role on IR, insulin sensitivity and endometrial receptivity, but high levels and incorrect timing of administration seem to have a detrimental role on oocytes development and embryo quality. Therefore, we encourage a low dose supplementation (400–800 IU/day) particularly in vitamin D deficient women that present metabolic disturbances like PCOS. As far as the reproductive health, we advise vitamin D supplementation in selected populations, only during specific moments of the ovarian cycle, to support the luteal phase. However, ambiguities about dosage and timing of the supplementation still emerge from the clinical studies published to date and further studies are required.

scholarly journals Does vitamin D supplementation prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in military personnel? Review of the evidence

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001686
Author(s):  
Iain T Parsons ◽  
R M Gifford ◽  
M J Stacey ◽  
L E Lamb ◽  
M K O'Shea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Military Studies ◽  
Vitamin D Receptors ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Military Populations ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Recruit Training

For most individuals residing in Northwestern Europe, maintaining replete vitamin D status throughout the year is unlikely without vitamin D supplementation and deficiency remains common. Military studies have investigated the association with vitamin D status, and subsequent supplementation, with the risk of stress fractures particularly during recruit training. The expression of nuclear vitamin D receptors and vitamin D metabolic enzymes in immune cells additionally provides a rationale for the potential role of vitamin D in maintaining immune homeostasis. One particular area of interest has been in the prevention of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). The aims of this review were to consider the evidence of vitamin D supplementation in military populations in the prevention of ARTIs, including SARS-CoV-2 infection and consequent COVID-19 illness. The occupational/organisational importance of reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2, especially where infected young adults may be asymptomatic, presymptomatic or paucisymptomatic, is also discussed.

scholarly journals Vitamin D supplementation, COVID-19 and disease severity: a meta-analysis

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Shah ◽  
D Saxena ◽  
D Mavalankar
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Objective: Current meta-analysis aims to understand the effect of oral supplementation of vitamin D on intensive care unit (ICU) requirement and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Methods: Databases PubMed, preprint servers, and google scholar were searched from December 2019 to December 2020. Authors searched for the articles assessing role of vitamin D supplementation on COVID-19. Cochrane RevMan tool was used for quantitative assessment of the data, where heterogeneity was assessed using I2 and Q statistics and data was expressed using odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Results: Final meta-analysis involved pooled data of 532 hospitalized patients (189 on vitamin D supplementation and 343 on usual care/placebo) of COVID-19 from three studies (Two randomized controlled trials, one retrospective case-control study). Statistically (p<0.0001) lower ICU requirement was observed in patients with vitamin D supplementation as compared to patients without supplementations (odds ratio: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.210-0.626). However, it suffered from significant heterogeneity, which reduced after sensitivity analysis. In case of mortality, vitamin D supplements has comparable findings with placebo treatment/usual care (odds ratio: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.413-2.113; p=0.87). The studies did not show any publication bias and had fair quality score. Subgroup analysis could not be performed due to limited number of studies and hence dose and duration dependent effect of vitamin D could not be evaluated. Conclusions: Although the current meta-analysis findings indicate potential role of vitamin D in improving COVID-19 severity in hospitalized patients, more robust data from randomized controlled trials are needed to substantiate its effects on mortality.

scholarly journals Normal peripheral blood neutrophil numbers accompanying ELANE whole gene deletion mutation

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (16) ◽  
pp. 2470-2473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall S. Horwitz ◽  
Mercy Y. Laurino ◽  
Siobán B. Keel
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Gene Deletion ◽  
Deletion Mutation ◽  
Blood Neutrophil ◽  
Normal Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Neutrophil ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Patient Reported

Key Points The patient reported here, along with collective observations in the literature, suggest that ELANE deletion does not cause neutropenia. Potential therapeutic genome editing involving knockout of the mutant ELANE allele is therefore not expected to produce neutropenia.

The role of vitamin D and related compounds in the treatment of bone disease in the elderly

Bone ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Kanis ◽  
C. Cooper ◽  
R. Francis ◽  
N. Hamdy ◽  
P. Selby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Related Compounds

scholarly journals Using genetic variants to evaluate the causal effect of serum vitamin D concentration on COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and hospitalization traits: a Mendelian randomization study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Cui ◽  
Yun Tian
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Global Test ◽  
Serum Vitamin D

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has struck globally and is exerting a devastating toll on humans. The pandemic has led to calls for widespread vitamin D supplementation in public. However, evidence supporting the role of vitamin D in the COVID-19 pandemic remains controversial. Methods We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to analyze the causal effect of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration on COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and hospitalization traits by using summary-level GWAS data. The causal associations were estimated with inverse variance weighted (IVW) with fixed effects (IVW-fixed) and random effects (IVW-random), MR-Egger, weighted edian and MR Robust Adjusted Profile Score (MR.RAPS) methods. We further applied the MR Steiger filtering method, MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) global test and PhenoScanner tool to check and remove single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were horizontally pleiotropic. Results We found no evidence to support the causal associations between the serum 25(OH)D concentration and the risk of COVID-19 susceptibility [IVW-fixed: odds ratio (OR) = 0.9049, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8197–0.9988, p = 0.0473], severity (IVW-fixed: OR = 1.0298, 95% CI 0.7699–1.3775, p = 0.8432) and hospitalized traits (IVW-fixed: OR = 1.0713, 95% CI 0.8819–1.3013, p = 0.4878) using outlier removed sets at a Bonferroni-corrected p threshold of 0.0167. Sensitivity analyses did not reveal any sign of horizontal pleiotropy. Conclusions Our MR analysis provided precise evidence that genetically lowered serum 25(OH)D concentrations were not causally associated with COVID-19 susceptibility, severity or hospitalized traits. Our study did not provide evidence assessing the role of vitamin D supplementation during the COVID-19 pandemic. High-quality randomized controlled trials are necessary to explore and define the role of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

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