Statistical analysis of trends in the role of agriculture in the Russian economy in the context of digital transformations

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Maria Vyacheslavovna Kagirova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Domestic Markets ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Social Divide

The multifunctionality of modern agriculture defines this industry as the base for both the traditional and digital economy. At the same time, the need for overall use of digital technologies creates for agricultural production a number of promising opportunities for increasing the efficiency of activities and transition to a new stage of development, but also a number of threats and risks of increasing disparity in relation to the industry in the distribution of incomes and the digital social divide of urban and rural areas, as well as a decrease in the competitiveness of the industry in the global and domestic markets. The paper analyzes changes in the position of agriculture in the country’s economy in various qualitatively unique periods from 2002 to 2018 for a number of characteristics, including ensuring food independence, employment, value added production, participation in building the country’s export potential using methods of mechanical and analytical alignment of time series. The directions of specifying the system of indicators for monitoring digitalization processes in agriculture are given.

scholarly journals NEW TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND PRIORITIES OF AGRICULTURAL POLICY IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 230 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-284
Author(s):  
A.V. PETRIKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Agricultural Employment ◽  
Agrarian Policy

The article analyzes the role of agriculture in the Russian economy, the main trends and problems of its development for 2014-2020. There is a decrease in the average annual indices of agricultural production for 2018-2020 compared to 2015-2017, an increase in anthropogenic pressure on the natural environment, an imbalance between the reduction of agricultural employment and the creation of alternative jobs in rural areas, uneven technological development of various categories of farms. The article substantiates the main measures of agrarian policy that ensure economic growth in agriculture, solving environmental and social problems in rural areas: improving state support for agriculture, priority development of small and medium-sized businesses, creating a modern innovation system in the agro-industrial complex.

The magic bullet for rural development? Exploring the impacts of community telecenters in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 026666692199750
Author(s):  
Noore Alam Siddiquee ◽  
Md Gofran Faroqi
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Magic Bullet ◽  
Government Information ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Marginalized Groups

This paper explores the impacts of Bangladesh’s Union Digital Centers (UDCs) as government information and service delivery hubs in rural areas. Drawing on user-surveys and semi-structured individual interviews it demonstrates that the UDCs have produced generally positive yet modest impacts on governance of service delivery. It shows that the UDCs are at an early stage of development, and that they offer only a limited set of services. While they helped extend ICT-enabled services to sections of population that would otherwise have missed them, the UDCs do not have much to do with rural livelihoods and empowerment of the poor and marginalized groups. These findings point to current inadequacies and pitfalls of the UDC approach to development. We argue that enhanced viability and effectiveness of the UDC experiment would warrant embedding more value-added governmental services and further strengthening of their capacity, mandate, and connectivity with government agencies at various levels, among others.

subsistence production (where in the colonial period mainly extra-economic factors such as forced cultivation or forced labour caused the integration of the peasantry in the market exchange). Socialist development was there-fore strongly identified with modernising through the rapid expansion of the state sector, that is, nationalisation and mechanisation on an ever-increasing scale. The peasantry would be gradually absorbed within this expanding sector, and hence, at first, the role of the peasantry was seen as essentially passive with its transformation mainly centring on social aspects. As such, the policy of communal villages became virtually a habitational concept (and was in actual fact the responsibility of the national directorate of housing): a question of social infrastructures (water supplies, schools, etc.) within a concept of communal life without concerning production and its transformation. This view conflicted heavily with the objective conditions in the rural areas characterised by a deep involvement of the peasantry in market relationships and their dependence on it either as suppliers of labour power or as cash crop producers. This contradiction became more obvious, when the balance of payments became a real constraint (in 1979) and, hence, the question of financing accumulation cropped up more strongly in practice. The peasantry as suppliers of cash crops, of food and of labour power to the state sectors occupied a crucial position in production and accumulation. However, the crucial question then becomes whether the peasantry only performs the role of supplying part of the accumulation fund or whether the peasantry itself is part and parcel of the process of transformation and hence that accumulation embraces as an integral part the transformation of peasant agriculture into more socialised forms of production. In other words, it poses the question whether the strategy is based on a primitive socialist accumulation on the basis of the peasantry (transferring the agrarian surplus to the develop-ment of the state sector), or whether accumulation includes the transformation of peasant agriculture. Clearly, the way this question is posed in practice will influence heavily the nature of the organisation of the exchange between the state sector and the peasantry. The proposition that the state sector can develop under its own steam (with or without the aid of external borrowing) cannot bypass this crucial question since, on the one hand, a considerable part of foreign exchange earnings and of the food supply to the towns depended on peasant production and, on the other, the very conditions of productivity and profitability in the agrarian state sector depended heavily on the organic link that existed.between labour supply and family agriculture. The monetary disequilibrium originating from the state sector has a severe impact on the organisation of the exchange between the state sector and the peasantry. First, the imbalance between the demand for and the supply of consumer commodities affected rural areas differently from urban areas. The reason was that in urban areas the rationing system guaranteed to each family a minimum quantity of basic consumer necessities at official prices. In the rural areas the principal form of rationing remained the queue! Hence, forced savings were distributed differently over urban and rural areas. Furthermore, the concentration of resources on the state sector also implied that the peasants'

2013 ◽  
pp. 205-205
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The State ◽  
State Sector ◽  
Crucial Question ◽  
Peasant Agriculture ◽  
Forced Labour ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Labour Power

630 kilometres by bicycle: observations of English in urban and rural Finland

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (228) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikko Laitinen
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Quantitative Survey ◽  
Regional Centre ◽  
English Usage ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

AbstractThis article discusses selected observations of English usage in signage in Finland, a Nordic nation in which the significance of English has become more pronounced in recent decades. The background for this study comes from a large quantitative survey, carried out in 2007, charting the role of English in the Finnish society. One of the topic areas in this survey deals with people's encounters with English and its visibility in their daily life, and this article aims to add a qualitative angle to these results. The observations discussed here were collected in 2009 during a six-day bicycle trip from Helsinki to the regional centre of Oulu. The analysis moves from mere quantitative recording of signs to a more nuanced analysis of interpretations of their situated meanings in public spaces. These observations show that the presence of English in both urban and rural areas of the country is far from a simple phenomenon, and illustrate how charting signs in space provide valuable information on language contact situations.

Rural Tourism and Rural Development under the Integrated Planning Background - Huangtuling Village Tourist Plans in Laiyuan, Baoding

2014 ◽  
Vol 1044-1045 ◽  
pp. 1533-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Chao Wang ◽  
Ning Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Urban And Rural Residents ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Village

The urban-rural integration is a new stage of urbanization,which is the process of the development of productive forces and promoting the production of urban and rural residents, is the process that has the characteristics of resources between urban and rural areas of mutual integration, mutual resources, mutual market, mutual service, and which will gradually reach rural coordination between the development process. Rural tourism is derived from the developed countries of advanced concepts, with the tourism planning and designing tools of Laiyuan Huangtuling, we put the native village of the existing land, ancient architecture, historical and cultural resources together. and using the designing tools to make travel, leisure, culture, food , and other node element for redesigning, excavating the existing resources within the village, both to highlight the local characteristics, and good protection of the natural environment, and embodies the essence of the role of urban-rural integration.

scholarly journals The Role of State Corporations in the Russian Economy (as in the Case of “Rosatom” and “Rostec” State Corporations)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-315
Author(s):  
Akmaljon S. Ergashev ◽  
Elena V. Maslennikova
Keyword(s):  
International Standards ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Short Period ◽  
State Corporation ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

The article is devoted to the study of the role of state corporations in the economy of the Russian Federation as in the case of Rosatom and Rostec. The authors analyze the existing concept of state corporation, Russian and foreign practices. The article presents the results of the research of economic features based on reports published on official website of Russian state corporation, as well as prospects of Russian state corporations are identified. At the present stage of development and operation of Russian state corporations, society increasingly sees their products, but it doesnt even suspect that these are domestic products that meet all international standards, which are also exported to many countries of the world. Products, goods and services are exported to North and South America, Europe, Central and South-East Asia, and Africa. In a relatively short period of existence and operation, Russian state corporations have increased their revenues and have made a significant contribution to the prosperity of countrys economy.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of inappropriate antibiotic dispensing at private drug retail outlets in urban and rural areas of Indonesia: a mixed methods study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. e004993
Author(s):  
Luh Putu Lila Wulandari ◽  
Mishal Khan ◽  
Marco Liverani ◽  
Astri Ferdiana ◽  
Yusuf Ari Mashuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Standardised Patients ◽  
Drug Sellers

IntroductionThe aim of this mixed-method study was to determine the extent and determinants of inappropriate dispensing of antibiotics by licensed private drug retail outlets in Indonesia.MethodsStandardised patients (SPs) made a total of 495 visits to 166 drug outlets (community pharmacies and drug stores) between July and August 2019. The SPs presented three clinical cases to drug outlet staff: parent of a child at home with diarrhoea; an adult with presumptive tuberculosis (TB); and an adult with upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). The primary outcome was the dispensing of an antibiotic without prescription, with or without the client requesting it. We used multivariable random effects logistic regression to assess factors associated with the primary outcome and conducted 31 interviews with drug outlet staff to explore these factors in greater depth.ResultsAntibiotic dispensing without prescription occurred in 69% of SP visits. Dispensing antibiotics without a prescription was more likely in standalone pharmacies and pharmacies attached to clinics compared with drug stores, with an OR of 5.9 (95% CI 3.2 to 10.8) and OR of 2.2 (95% CI 1.2 to 3.9); and more likely for TB and URTI SP-performed cases compared with child diarrhoea cases, with an OR of 5.7 (95% CI 3.1 to 10.8) and OR of 5.2 (95% CI 2.7 to 9.8). Interviews revealed that inappropriate antibiotic dispensing was driven by strong patient demand for antibiotics, unqualified drug sellers dispensing medicines, competition between different types of drug outlets, drug outlet owners pushing their staff to sell medicines, and weak enforcement of regulations.ConclusionThis study shows that inappropriate dispensing of antibiotics by private drug retail outlets is widespread. Interventions will need to address not only the role of drug sellers, but also the demand for antibiotics among clients and the push from drug outlet owners to compete with other outlets.

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