Tendencias del cambio climático en la Demarcación Hidrográfica de Manabí

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Campos Cedeño Antonio Fermín ◽  
Mendoza Álava Junior Orlando
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Monthly Distribution ◽  
Index Terms

Abstract— The Manabí Hydrographic Demarcation (DHM) is characterized as the only one that does not receive input from Andes Mountains, therefore, its water network is fed exclusively by the rainfall that occurs in the rainy season and that the warm current of El Niño plays a fundamental role in its production. In order to have technical information, important for the planning, control and development of the water resources of the DHM, in this research is made a temporal analysis of the monthly precipitation for 55 years, period 1963-2017. The National Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology of Ecuador (INAMHI) in station M005, located in the Botanical Garden of the Technical University of Manabí (Universidad Técnica de Manabí) in Portoviejo, obtained these records. An analysis is made of the monthly and annual patterns, establishing that the El Niño events that occurred in 1983, 1997 and 1998, have set guidelines for the change in rainwater production at the intensity and temporal distribution levels, increasing the months of drought, while the levels of rainfall increase, concentrating in fewer months, basically in February and March. This is a situation that increases the water deficit especially when there is not enough infrastructure of hydraulic works for the storage and regulation of runoff.   Index Terms— Hydrology, rainfall, monthly distribution, annually distribution, climate change, El Niño phenomenon

Assessing the factors driving the changes in the spatio‐temporal distribution of Hepatus pudibundus (Decapoda, Brachyura) over a 20‐year interval in a region under the influence of El Niño (ENSO)

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeniffer Natalia Teles ◽  
Fernando Luis Mantelatto ◽  
Antonio Leão Castilho ◽  
Adilson Fransozo ◽  
Giovana Bertini
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Precipitação na América do Sul: Médias Climáticas e Padrões da Variabilidade no Período entre 1979 e 2008

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 032
Author(s):  
Éder Leandro Maier ◽  
Juliana Costi ◽  
Sandra Barreira ◽  
Jefferson Cardia Simões
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
The North ◽  
North Atlantic Variability

Este artigo discute os principais padrões médios e anômalos da precipitação sobre a América do Sul no período 1979–2008. Para isso foram manipulados dados mensais da precipitação observada em 890 estações meteorológicas localizadas na Argentina, Bolívia, Brasil, Paraguai e Uruguai ao longo desse período de trinta anos. As médias climáticas foram subtraídas das amostras, originando as anomalias, as quais foram agrupadas por meio da Análise das Componentes Principais em dois modos. No modo T se identificou 6 componentes principais, que explicam 35% da variância e representam 12 padrões espaciais anômalos originados, principalmente, pelo fenômeno El Niño–Oscilação Sul (ENOS) e pela variabilidade do Atlântico Norte. No modo S foram identificadas 8 zonas em que a variabilidade temporal das séries anômalas é semelhante, sendo que o ENOS prevalece no controle das anomalias nas zonas situadas na região equatorial e extratropical, além disso, a variabilidade do Atlântico Norte pode maximizar ou minimizar os impactos do ENOS. A frequência de recorrência desses estresses hídrico variam entre 20 e 60 meses.  This article discusses mean and anomalous rainfall patterns over South America in the period 1979–2008. For that we handled monthly precipitation data observed at 890 meteorological stations located in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay over this thirty years period. Climatic means were subtracted from the data, resulting in anomalies that were grouped by Principal Component Analysis in two modes. We identified 6 main components in the T mode, which explain 35% of the variance and represent 12 anomalous spatial patterns originated mainly by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon and the North Atlantic variability. In mode S, we identified eight zones where the series temporal variability is also anomalous, and the ENOS prevails as the anomalies controller in the equatorial and extra tropical regions. Further, North Atlantic variability may maximize or minimize the ENSO impact. The frequency of these recurrent water stresses range from 20 to 60 months. Keywords: Precipitation, South America, PCA  

scholarly journals Precipitação em Rio Grande – RS (1913 – 2016): Análise descritiva e da variabilidade

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 537
Author(s):  
Tamires Da Rosa Silva ◽  
Ítalo Reis ◽  
Eliana Klering ◽  
Eder Bayer Maier
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Precipitation Variability ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
La Nina

O objetivo desse artigo é analisar a variabilidade temporal da precipitação em Rio Grande – RS, no período entre 1913 e 2016. Para isso foram utilizadas técnicas estatísticas descritivas e inferencial para caracterizar a distribuição da precipitação em diferentes escalas de tempo e para identificar os ciclos temporais da ocorrência de secas e chuvas acima da média e suas relações com os fenômenos remotos. As análises mostram que a precipitação mensal em Rio Grande varia entre 0,3mm e 551,8mm, com uma média de 102,1 mm e desvio padrão de 66,1 mm; o total anual da precipitação variou entre 625 mm e 2.261,9 mm, com uma média de 1.226 mm; a média mensal tem uma amplitude de 71,2 mm e 126,7 mm, sendo as médias de dezembro e setembro, respectivamente; e são os meses do verão e o outono que apresentaram maior e menor variabilidade da precipitação. Os ciclos temporais da ocorrência de secas e chuvas acima da média ocorreram predominantemente na escala interanual e está associado predominantemente aos fenômenos ENOS e ODP, sendo mais comum a ocorrência de chuvas acima da média/secas concomitantes ao El Niño/La Niña. Não sendo raro a ocorrência de secas e chuvas acima da média, visto que foram identificados 219 meses de seca e 210 meses de chuvas excessivas no período entre 1913 e 2016, adotando um limiar de |56,4 mm| da anomalia da precipitação.Palavras-chave: Precipitação, variabilidade, wavelet, Rio Grande.                                                                                                                                 Precipitation in the city of Rio Grande – RS (1913 – 2016): Descriptive and variability analysis A B S T R A C T The aim was to analyze the temporal variability of rainfall in Rio Grande - RS, during the years 1913-2016, in order to understand the temporal distribution, using descriptive statistical techniques to characterize the monthly and annual total, the monthly averages, the anomalies, the occurrence of extreme events and inferential techniques in order to characterize the main remote factors controlling precipitation variability. The results of these descriptive analyzes show that the monthly rainfall in Rio Grande varies between 0.3mm and 551.8mm with an average of 102.1mm and standard deviation of 66.1mm; the total annual precipitation indicated a variation between 625 mm (minimum) and 2,261.9 mm (maximum), with an average annual accumulation of 1,226 mm; the monthly average varies between 71.2 mm and 126.7 mm, referring to the months of December and September, respectively; estimation of standard deviation showed summer and autumn as the months with the highest and lowest variations, respectively. Temporal variability occurred at the interannual and interdecenal scales and are predominantly associated with the ENSO/ODP phenomenon, with more than average rainfall occurrin /droughts concomitant with El Niño/La Niña.  Anomalies above | 56.4 mm | were considered extreme precipitation events and was identified with the technique of quartiles, 219 months of drought and 210 months of excessive rainfall in the period between 1913 and 2016.Keywords: Precipitation, variability, wavelet, Rio Grande.

scholarly journals Anomalías de vegetación asociadas con el fenómeno del ENOS en el valle geográfico del río Cauca, Colombia

2017 ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Valencia ◽  
C. E. García ◽  
D. Montero
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
La Nina ◽  
The Impact

<p>The main factors affecting the production and yield of sugarcane are variety, agronomic management, soil type and climate, of which the first three there is some control, while the climate is one factor of which you cannot have any control, therefore, it should be monitored. Colombia, being located in the equatorial pacific, is affected by two atmospheric oceanic phenomena known as “El Niño” and “La Niña”, which make up the climatic phenomenon of ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) and affect the quantity and the number of days with rainfall and influences the production of sugarcane. The objective of this work is to identify spatially and temporally the zones with greater and lower impact of the ENSO phenomenon in the cultivation of sugarcane in Colombia through the use of the Standard Vegetation Index (SVI) and the Rainfall Anomally Index (RAI) using EVI/MODIS images and precipitation data from meteorological stations on a quarterly basis for the period 2000-2015. A similar trend was found between both indices in the “El Niño” and “Neutral” seasons, while in the “La Niña” season the RAI tended to rise while the SVI decreased when the RAI was very high, this tendency being much more marked in areas with floods caused by the overflow of the main rivers. In addition, a comparison was made between the SVI index and a productivity anomaly index (IAP), finding a direct correlation between both (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.4, p&lt;0.001). This work showed that through the use of vegetation indexes, a temporal analysis of the impact of climate on an agricultural crop can be carried out, especially with ENSO conditions.</p>

scholarly journals Dinâmica Temporo-Espacial da Precipitação na Região Centro-Sul do Paraná (Temporal and Space Dynamic of the Precipitation in the Center-South Region of Paraná)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1399
Author(s):  
Aparecido Ribeiro de Andrade ◽  
Adriane Aparecida Pereira
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Rainfall Anomaly ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Monthly Distribution ◽  
Anomaly Index

O presente trabalho objetivou identificar o padrão de variabilidade e os períodos anômalos de precipitação na Região Centro-Sul do Paraná, analisando seus dados mensais, anuais e sazonais no período de 1988 a 2017. Os dados pluviométricos foram obtidos junto ao Instituto de Águas do Paraná e avaliados com auxílio da estatística clássica (médias, desvios e coeficiente de variação) e com o cálculo do Índice de Anomalia da Chuva – IAC na planilha eletrônica Microsoft Excel 2016. A representação espacial foi feita pelo método da interpolação por meio do Software Surfer, versão 13.0. Os resultados alcançados demonstraram que a região de estudo tem baixa dispersão para a variabilidade interanual, entretanto a distribuição mensal apresenta uma dispersão bastante elevada, mas, de forma geral vai de normal a úmido, o qual se sobressai em relação a períodos de estiagem e que a grande maioria dos eventos, principalmente com precipitação acima da média histórica, podem ser relacionada ao El Niño Oscilação Sul (ENOS).  A B S T R A C TThe present study aimed to identify variability and anomalous precipitation periods in the Center-South Region of Paraná, analyzing month-to-month and inter yearly variability in the period from 1988 to 2017. Rainfall data were obtained from the Instituto de Águas do Paraná and evaluated using the basic statistical (mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation) and Rainfall Anomaly Index - RAI in the Microsoft Excel 2016 spreadsheet. The spatial representation was done by the interpolation method through Software Surfer, version 13.0. The obtained results display that the region of study has low variability for year-to-year variability, but the monthly distribution has a high dispersion, but in general has a sample of normal to humid, which exceed in relation to periods of drought and the vast majority of events, mostly with precipitation above the historical average, can be related to the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO).Keywords: RAI, ENSO, Pluviometric Anomaly, Pluviometric Variability.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal analysis of the droughts in Cali, Colombia and their primary relationships with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) between 1971 and 2011

Atmósfera ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilmar Loaiza Cerón ◽  
◽  
Yesid Carvajal-Escobar ◽  
Rita Valeria Andreoli de Souza ◽  
Mary Toshie Kayano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
El Niño Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation ◽  
Primary Relationships ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Análise Temporal do Balanço Hídrico na Bacia do Rio das Pedras, Guarapuava, PR (Temporal Analysis of the Hydrous Balance of the Pedras River Basin, Guarapuava, PR)

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013
Author(s):  
Marcia Cristina da Cunha ◽  
Éderson Dias de Oliveira ◽  
Edivaldo Lopes Thomaz ◽  
Leandro Redin Vestana
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
River Basin ◽  
El Niño ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Annual Discharge

O conhecimento do balanço hídrico é de suma importância no gerenciamento de recursos hídricos. Neste contexto, o presente estudo avaliou o balanço hídrico na bacia do Rio das Pedras, localizada no município de Guarapuava, região centro-sul do Estado do Paraná. O método utilizado foi o do balanço hídrico simplificado. Os dados utilizados foram de precipitação pluvial e vazão diária do período de 1985 a 2009. Os meses de junho e agosto foram os que apresentaram os menores déficits hídricos, enquanto que janeiro e outubro os maiores. A evapotranspiração real média anual foi de 960,37 mm, o que representoucerca de 51% das precipitações pluviais médias anuais. Os elevados valores de evapotranspiração demonstram serem necessários significativos volumes de água para a manutenção ambiental na bacia do Rio das Pedras. A descarga fluvial do período apresentou uma média anual de 919,67 mm e a pluviosidade de 1.880,4 mm. Na bacia do Rio das Pedras os anos que apresentaram maiores pluviosidade e descarga líquida foram os anos sobre influencia do fenômeno El Niño. Palavras-chaves: disponibilidade hídrica, pluviosidade, debito fluvial, evapotranspiração.  Temporal Analysis of the Hydrous Balance of the Pedras River Basin, Guarapuava, PR  ABSTRACTThe hydric balance knowledge is of paramount importance in water resources management. This study evaluated the hydric balance in the Rio das Pedras watershed, which is located in Guarapuava, Parana-Brazil. The simplified water balance method was applied. The data analyses were: daily rainfall and river discharge for the period of 1985 to 2009. June and August were the months that had the lowest water deficit. While, January and October, displayed the highest water deficit. The actual annual average evapotranspiration was 960.37 mm, which is around of 51% of the annual rainfall average. The high evapotranspiration values ​​ were significant; and it indicates that high volumes of water are needed for environmental maintenance in the Rio das Pedras watershed. The watershed showed the river annual discharge average of 919.67 mm and rainfall of 1880.40 mm. In the Rio das Pedras watershed the years that had a clear higher precipitation and discharge were correlated to El Niño influences. Keywords: water availability, rainfall, river discharge, evapotranspiration.  

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of drought levels in Bantimurung District, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Mina Senjani ◽  
Eko Kusratmoko ◽  
Yoanna Ristya
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Long Time

Drought is an event that almost occurs every year in several regions of Indonesia. Drought events are often associated with the El Nino phenomenon, namely the lack of rainfall over a certain period of time in a reasonably long time. In 2015, Indonesia experienced drought in several parts of Indonesia, one of which was Bantimurung District in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province. This study aimed to map the level of drought in Bantimurung District. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) based meteorological and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were used to determine the spatial-temporal distribution of drought. Then, the NDVI values of weak (2014) and very strong (2015) El Nino year were correlated with SPI. The results show that Bantimurung District experienced drought in 2015 with near normal (July-September) to moderately dry (October-November) drought levels. In 2014, the drought was not so severe compared to 2015 because the level of drought was near normal and moderately wet. In 2014, the moderately wet area was located in the east district including Leang-leang and Kalabbirang villages. In 2015, villages Minasa Baji, Mattoangin, Alangtae, Baruga, Tukamasea, Mangeloreng, west of Kalabbirang and Leang Leang were located in western of the district have moderately dry drought level.

scholarly journals Hydroclimatic variables associated with El Nino and La Nina events at the Curuá-Una hydroelectric reservoir, Central Amazonia

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roseilson Souza do VALE ◽  
Ana Carla dos Santos GOMES ◽  
Raoni Aquino Silva de SANTANA ◽  
Júlio TÓTA ◽  
Scott Dennis MILLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Hydroelectric Reservoir ◽  
Positive Tendency ◽  
La Nina ◽  
Hydroclimatic Variables

ABSTRACT The anomalies of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) influence rainfall and therefore the regime of the rise and fall in the level of the rivers in the Amazon region. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on hydroclimatic variables and identify the existence of trends on these variables in the Curuá-Una hydroelectric reservoir in the West of the State of Pará. It was used 27 years of monthly precipitation and water flow data to identify possible trends using a non-parametric test (Mann Kendall, p<0.05), and the standardized precipitation index (SPI) was also calculated. The results indicate a positive tendency of the influence of the ENSO on hydroclimatic variables, although it was observed that the rainfall did not increase over the period of 1977 to 2004. The SPI indicates that extreme events of precipitation are related to El Nino and La Nina and that lower precipitation periods were more intense in the decades of the 80´s and 90's. The results show that El Nino events can directly affect the water balance at the micro-watershed of Curuá-Una, as was observed in 2015.

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