On the performance sound design of a stringed instrument by the control of the stiffness and mass of the component part

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (3) ◽  
pp. 3562-3570
Author(s):  
Ryoma Morisaki ◽  
Osamu Terashima ◽  
Toshiro Miyajima
Keyword(s):  
Sound Quality ◽  
Component Part ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Sound Design ◽  
Electric Guitar ◽  
Open Strings ◽  
Vibrational Acceleration ◽  
Vibrational Characteristics ◽  
Stringed Instrument ◽  
The Difference

This study investigates the difference of performance sounds of an electric guitar with a metal pickguard. The sounds of the open strings of the guitar are measured, showing that the damping time becomes shorter than that obtained with a commonly used plastic pickguard. Further, it was also found that the sounds of the 1 and 2 strings were distinct and those of the other strings were slightly suppressed when the metal pickguard was used. Therefore, the metal pickguard is effective in making sharp, clear, and distinct sounds. We changed the material of the pickguard from plastic to copper. In the experiments, simultaneous measurements of the vibrational acceleration of the peg, pickguard, and output voltage of the guitar with a constant plucking force of the strings were performed. It was found that the profile of the RMS value of the vibrational acceleration of the pickguard changed when the copper pickguard was used. Moreover, the vibrational modes of copper the pickguard were different than the others. In conclusion, it was determined that the sound quality is affected by the vibrational characteristics; thus, it can be adjusted by varying the means by which the pickguard is attached to the guitar body.

On the performance sound design of a stringed instrument by the control of the stiffness and mass of the component part

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020.57 (0) ◽  
pp. I021
Author(s):  
Taisei ITO ◽  
Ryoma MORISAKI ◽  
Osamu TERASHIMA ◽  
Hiroyuki YAMADA ◽  
Shota MIZUKAMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Component Part ◽  
Sound Design ◽  
Stringed Instrument

Perceptual Difference on HVAC Sound Quality between Electric and Conventional Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (2) ◽  
pp. 4189-4198
Author(s):  
Katsuya Yamauchi ◽  
Minori Dan ◽  
Federico Cioffi ◽  
Luigi Maffei ◽  
Massimiliano Masullo
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Sound Quality ◽  
Hvac System ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Vehicle Noise ◽  
The Difference

The heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) system is one of the most critical sources in in-vehicle noise environment, especially when cars are moving at low speed or at lower engine rotation. With the transition to electric vehicles (EV) from internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV), the contribution of powertrain becomes lower on the background noise inside car cabins. The authors have been conducting a collaborative research on HVAC sound quality inside car cabins. In this paper the results of a subjective evaluation of HVAC sound quality were presented, that attempted to compare the perceptual differences among the two groups, i.e. EVs and ICEVs. The result revealed the difference in the noise perception among the two types of vehicles especially softer air flow rate conditions.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of Vibrational Acceleration Spread and Comparison Using Three Citrus Canopy Shaker Shaking Tines

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian-Hu Liu ◽  
Reza Ehsani ◽  
Arash Toudeshki ◽  
Xiang-Jun Zou ◽  
Hong-Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Vibrational Acceleration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Canopy Shaker

The goal of this article is to experimentally study how the vibrational acceleration spreads along the branch shaken by PVC tine, steel tine, and nylon tine for citrus canopy shaking harvesting and to compare the difference. PVC tine and steel tine have potential to be used as shaking rod for citrus canopy shaking harvesting. Nylon tine is a commonly used shaking rod. A tractor-mounted canopy shaker was developed to do the trial. The shaking frequency was set at 2.5 and 5 Hz. Experimental results showed that the vibrational acceleration at the shaking spot is not the highest. Spreading from shaking spot to the stem, it increases evidently. When spreading from stems of the outside subbranch to stems of the nearest inside subbranch, its average decrease percentage is 42%. The overall vibrational acceleration of shaking at 5 Hz is 1.85 times as high as shaking at 2.5 Hz. The overall vibrational acceleration exerted by straight PVC tine and steel tine is 1.77 and 1.97 times as high as that exerted by straight nylon tine, respectively. It is indicated that replacing nylon tine with steel tine or PVC tine helps remove the fruits inside the canopy. Replacing with steel tine is more effective than with PVC tine.

Vibrational Spectroscopic Analysis of Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal MBOPDOB

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 847-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei He ◽  
Zhen Yin ◽  
Ming-Sheng Zhang ◽  
Ze-Xiang Shen ◽  
Hui-Fen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Ester Group ◽  
Phase Transition Point ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Vibrational Characteristics ◽  
Shape Changes

Raman spectra of ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) D-4-(2-methylbutoxy) phenyl 4-decyloxybenzoate (MBOPDOB) are recorded. All the vibrational modes are assigned, and their vibrational characteristics are studied. It is found that the s-cis and the s-trans conformers of the ester group coexist in the crystal phase at room temperature. By temperature-dependent measurements, the line shape changes due to the transition of the ester group conformation near the crystal-Sm C phase transition point are examined.

Sound Design of Vacuum Cleaner Based on Sound Quality Evaluation

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003.13 (0) ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
Susumu FUJIWARA ◽  
Daisuke SAKAI ◽  
Akihiro IWAHARA ◽  
Takeshi TOI
Keyword(s):  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Sound Quality ◽  
Sound Design ◽  
Vacuum Cleaner

Quantification Method of Diverse Kansei Quality for Emotional Design: Application of Product Sound Design

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyoshi Yanagisawa ◽  
Tamotsu Murakami ◽  
Shogo Noguchi ◽  
Koichi Ohtomi ◽  
Rika Hosaka
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Sound Quality ◽  
Conventional Approach ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Sound Design ◽  
Affective Design ◽  
Emotional Quality ◽  
Quantification Method ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Sensory Tests

This paper proposes a quantification method of a product’s emotional quality, which we call kansei quality, with attention paid to its diversity to support the affective design. The customer’s sensitivity towards such a quality differs from person to person due to perception gaps and ambiguity. The proposed method helps the designer to grasp such diverse sensitivities of customers. In contrast to the conventional approach that aims to generalize human sensitivity using average results of sensory tests, the proposed method divides an emotional quality based on differences among the customers’ sensitivity. We apply the proposed method for designing a machine sound in which the designer deals with the sound quality as a kansei quality. We carry out an impression evaluation experiment on human subjects using existing product sounds. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, we compare the proposed method with the conventional approach using experimental results. The comparison results show the advantages of the method, such as the avoidance of meaningless average data caused by canceling out multiple different sensitivities. Based on the proposed method, we developed a prototype system that enables the designer to evaluate the kansei qualities of a created sound without conducting a sensory test.

Darstellung und spektroskopische Charakterisierung von Tetrahalogenooxalato-Osmaten(IY) / Preparation and Spectroseopical Characterisation of Tetrahalooxalato-osmates(IV)

1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinrich Homborg ◽  
Wilhelm Preetz ◽  
Günes Barka ◽  
Gernot Schätzel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Tetraalkylammonium Salts ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
Trans Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Long Chain

Reaction of [OsX6]2- (X = CI, Br, I) with oxalic acid in water gives the very stable and deeply coloured new complexes [OsX40x]2- which can be precipitated as alkali or tetraalkylammonium salts. The salts with long-chain alkylammonium ions are soluble in all common no polar solvents. The IR and Ra spectra and the depolarization ratios are consistent with the local C2v-symmetry. The coupling between the vibrations of coordinated oxalate and with the skeletal [OsX4O2]-modes is apparently small. The optical spectra have been studied at low temperature (10 K). Analogous to [OsXe]2- the very intense absorptions in the UV and VIS are assigned to the electric dipole allowed electron transfer from "(π+σ)t1u, πt2U(γ7), πt2u(γ8) and (σ+π)t1u" to "dt2g". By the descent in symmetry each of these transitions is further split in three components (A1, B1, B2) corresponding to the three different groups of ligands, X2tr-, X2c. and ox. The distinction between the X2tr. →Os and X2c- → Os is caused by a static trans-effect and depends on the difference of the optical electronegativities induced by ox. This splitting is not observed for [OsCl4ox]2- but is about 900 cm-1 for [OsBr4ox]2- and 1200 cm-1 for [OsI4ox]2-. The well defined bands in the NIR and VIS are assigned to the intraconfigurational d-dtransitions between the spin-orbit components in the octahedral doublegroup Oh* splitted by the lower C2v-symmetry. Some of the zero-phonon transitions within the split of the 3Tlg, Oh-groundstate exhibit extremely high intensities (e~2500 cm2/mmol). The assignment of these transitions is improved by the electronic Ra spectra. The finestructure of some of the d-d-transitions originates from coupling with A1 vibrational modes especially with νs(C-O).

Vibrational spectroscopy of semiheavy water (HDO) as a probe of solute hydration

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 1869-1887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Śmiechowski ◽  
Janusz Stangret
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Isotopic Dilution ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Dilution Technique ◽  
Difference Spectra ◽  
Quantitative Version ◽  
The Difference

Vibrational spectroscopy is an ideally suited tool for the study of solute hydration. Nevertheless, water is commonly considered by spectroscopists a difficult solvent to work with. However, by using the isotopic dilution technique, in which a small amount of D2O is introduced into H2O or vice versa with formation of semiheavy water (HDO), many technical and interpretative problems connected with measurement of infrared spectra of water may be circumvented. Particularly, the isotopic decoupling of stretching vibrational modes greatly simplifies interpretation of the spectra. Systematic studies conducted in several laboratories since the 1980s up to the present day have provided a vast amount of data, concerning mainly ionic hydration. Many of these experiments have been performed in our laboratory. The analysis method we applied is based on the quantitative version of the difference spectra technique and allows separation of the spectrum of solute-affected HDO from the bulk solvent. This review illustrates the development of vibrational spectroscopy of HDO and spectral analysis methods over the years, as well as summarizes the results obtained for ionic and nonionic solutes, including some general hydration models formulated on their basis.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Vibration Damping of the Wood Species Used for the Body of an Electric Guitar on the Vibration Response of Open-Strings

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5281
Author(s):  
Tony Ray ◽  
Jasmin Kaljun ◽  
Aleš Straže
Keyword(s):  
Solid Body ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Vibration Damping ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electric Guitar ◽  
Open Strings ◽  
Radiated Sound ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Research Show

Research show that the vibrations of the strings and the radiated sound of the solid body electric guitar depend on the vibrational behavior of its structure in addition to the extended electronic chain. In this regard, most studies focused on the vibro-mechanical properties of the neck of the electric guitar and neglected the coupling of the vibrating strings with the neck and the solid body of the instrument. Therefore, the aim of the study was to understand how the material properties of the solid body could affect the stiffness and vibration damping of the whole instrument when comparing ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) and walnut (Juglans regia L.) wood. In the electric guitar with identical components, higher modal frequencies were confirmed in the structure of the instrument when the solid body was made of the stiffer ash wood. The use of ash wood for the solid body of the instrument due to coupling effect resulted in a beneficial reduction in the vibration damping of the neck of the guitar. The positive effect of the low damping of the solid body of the electric guitar made of ash wood was also confirmed in the vibration of the open strings. In the specific case of free-free vibration mode, the decay time was longer for higher harmonics of the E2, A2 and D3 strings.

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