ENGINEERING METHOD FOR CALCULATING SHOCK NOISE ISOLATIONBETWEEN FLOORS WITH FLOORS MADE OF WOOD MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
V.A. GORIN ◽  
◽  
V.V. KLIMENKO ◽  
M.A. POROZHENKO ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Engineering Method ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Impact Noise ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Approximate Formulas

An engineering method for calculating shock noise isolation by floor-to-floor overlappings with wood-based materials is proposed. The calculation considers overlaps with floors made of wood materials laid on glue and with floors laid on an elastic substrate. The calculation takes into account the effect on sound insulation of the surface density and stiffness of the floor covering material and the sound insulation layer. The calculation is reduced to calculating the frequency characteristic of reducing the impact noise level due to the construction of a floor made of wood materials and comparing the calculated value of the index of the reduced impact noise level with the standard ones. The list of necessary input data and the sequence of calculation execution is given. Approximate formulas for calculating the frequencies that limit the application of computational models of the overlaps under consideration are compiled. Equations and approximate formulas are given for determining the critical (antiresonance) and resonant frequencies of vibrations, one -, two-and three-layer overlaps, and their values are determined for various mechanical and geometric parameters of layers. Frequency ranges of growth and decrease of shock noise level by these overlaps are determined. Comparison of the calculated and measured frequency characteristics of shock noise reduction showed a good correspondence of the results obtained by the engineering method of calculation with experimental studies. The developed practical recommendations for improving the isolation of shock noise between floors with floors made of wood materials, used in the construction of civil buildings, can increase acoustic comfort in buildings under construction and under reconstruction.

scholarly journals ENGINEERING METHOD OF CALCULATION OF SOUND INSULATION LAYERED INTERFLOOR OVERLAPPINGS

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
V.A. Gorin ◽  
◽  
V.V. Klimenko ◽  
M.A. Porozhenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Method ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Method Of Calculation

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF IMPACT NOISE STRUCTURE FLOORS WITH CHANGING THICKNESS OF MATERIALS AND SIZE FILLER

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
I. Babii ◽  
◽  
L. Kucherenko ◽  
Ye. Kalchenia ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Material Thickness ◽  
Impact Noise ◽  
Noise Structure ◽  
Impact Protection ◽  
Insulation Performance

This paper considers experimental studies of the sound insulation structure of the floor to determine the effect of material thickness, polystyrene concrete and cement-sand screed, as well as the size of the aggregate (polystyrene granules) in polystyrene concrete on the sound insulation properties of floor construction, namely impact protection. It was determined that the thickness of the cement-sand screed in no way affects the improvement of impact noise. Due to the reduction of the size of the aggregate (expanded polystyrene granule) in polystyrene concrete, it was possible to reduce the thickness of the structure, which did not affect the insulation performance of impact noise.

The Influence of Concrete Elastic Characteristics on the Impact Noise Insulation of Concrete Floors

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Patrício ◽  
P. Martins da Silva ◽  
A. Canha da Piedade
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Frequency Spectra ◽  
Impact Noise ◽  
Impact Characteristics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In ◽  
Elastic Characteristics

The noise insulation characterisation of a bare floor for structure-borne sound is usually based on specific tests made in accordance with the established international standard EN ISO 20140 and the structure-borne noise insulation index calculated according to standard EN ISO 20717. For bare concrete floors of the same type, which one might suppose would have identical acoustical performance, different impact sound insulation frequency spectra may be obtained if the concrete at the zone where the impact hammer strikes is of different type. This situation is particularly the case for bare floors which have levelling layers of floor screeds. This work presents an analytical study of the influence of the elastic characteristics of the concrete used in the area of the bare floor where the hammer of the standard tapping machine strikes (whether it be the structural concrete of the slab or a light concrete screed applied as a levelling layer), on the impact noise insulation spectra, and on the corresponding value of the structure-borne sound insulation index. The study firstly involved theoretically modelling the applied impulsive force spectrum of the hammer impact. Secondly, the modelled force spectrum was compared with the results of impact characteristics obtained using several shock tests on defined specimens, for which the effective impact force is determined. Finally, using these resulting force spectra, some simulations on a standard floor were performed to determine the changes in the response spectra, and the corresponding insulation index for structure-borne sound. Some additional considerations and conclusions are also presented.

Improving the Impact Sound Insulation of an Existing and Refurbished Wooden Beam Floor Construction

2016 ◽  
Vol 861 ◽  
pp. 527-536
Author(s):  
Christoforos Theocharis ◽  
Ernst Kainmüller ◽  
Josef Lechleitner ◽  
Ulrich Pont ◽  
Ardeshir Mahdavi
Keyword(s):  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Impact Noise ◽  
Improvement Potential ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Original Construction ◽  
Frequent Problem

A common source of dissatisfaction in buildings pertains to acoustical issues. Specifically, in existing buildings, exposure to impact noise represents a frequent problem. In Central Europe generally, and in Vienna (Austria) specifically, there is a significant number of existing buildings with floor constructions involving wooden beams as structural elements. Given the steady rise in inhabitants' expectations regarding buildings' acoustical quality, such existing floor constructions do not sufficiently provide the sufficient impact noise insulation. In many instances, the replacement of these floor constructions with concrete slabs is not an option, given a number of structural, financial, and legal (conservation related) obstacles and constraints. The present contribution thus explores the acoustical improvement potential of floor constructions with wooden beams by using modern materials and techniques. Toward this end, a typical 19th century building in Vienna downtown was selected. Multiple improvement options were realized. These involved the deployment of a honey-comb acoustic system, installation of stiffeners bolted to the original wooden beams, as well as an additional structurally decoupled ceiling layer. The impact sound was measured at different stages of retrofit and compared with the performance of the original construction.

Challenges in Measuring the Impact of Interruption on Patient Safety and Workflow Outcomes

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (05) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Y. W. Li ◽  
A. G. Dunn ◽  
E. Coeira ◽  
F. Magrabi
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Primary Task ◽  
Electronic Prescribing ◽  
Time On Task ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
The Impact

SummaryObjective: To examine the problem of studying interruption in healthcare.Methods: Review of the interruption literature from psychology, human-computer interaction; experimental studies of electronic prescribing and error behaviour; observational studies in emergency and intensive care.Results: Primary task and interruption variables which contribute to the outcomes of an interruption include the type of task (primary and interrupting task); point of interruption; duration of interruption; similarity of interruptive task to primary task; modality of interruption; environmental cues; and interruption handling strategy. Effects of interruption on task performance can be examined by measuring errors, the time on task, interruption lag and resumption lag.Conclusions: Interruptions are a complex phenomenon where multiple variables including the characteristics of primary tasks, the interruptions themselves, and the environment may influence patient safety and work-flow outcomes. Observational studies present significant challenges for recording many of the process variables that influence the effects of interruptions. Controlled experiments provide an opportunity to examine the specific effects of variables on errors and efficiency. Computational models can be used to identify the situations in which interruptions to clinical tasks could be disruptive and to investigate the aggregate effects of interruptions.

Effect of Acoustic Pads' Different Dynamic Stiffness on the Reduction of Impact Sound Level

2014 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 491-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Autratová ◽  
Petr Hlavsa
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Transmission Loss ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Sound Transmission Loss ◽  
Acoustic Insulation ◽  
Impact Noise ◽  
Floor Structure ◽  
The Impact

Impact sound transmission loss is the ability of structure to absorb impact noise, which is formed by mechanical impulses (steps, falls). The impact noise is then spread to the elements connected to the floor structure, such as the ceiling and surrounding wall. Dynamic stiffness is one of the important parameters that affect the sound insulation of ceiling structures with floating floors. The article deals with the optimal design of acoustic insulation to the floor composition, combining different materials of various thicknesses with various characteristic properties.

scholarly journals Modelling of Immune Checkpoint Network Explains Synergistic Effects of Combined Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy and the Impact of Cytokines in Patient Response

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3600
Author(s):  
Maria Kondratova ◽  
Emmanuel Barillot ◽  
Andrei Zinovyev ◽  
Laurence Calzone
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Immune Checkpoints ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
The Impact

After the success of the new generation of immune therapies, immune checkpoint receptors have become one important center of attention of molecular oncologists. The initial success and hopes of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD1) and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (anti-CTLA4) therapies have shown some limitations since a majority of patients have continued to show resistance. Other immune checkpoints have raised some interest and are under investigation, such as T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif) domain (TIGIT), inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS), and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM3), which appear as promising targets for immunotherapy. To explore their role and study possible synergetic effects of these different checkpoints, we have built a model of T cell receptor (TCR) regulation including not only PD1 and CTLA4, but also other well studied checkpoints (TIGIT, TIM3, lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3), cluster of differentiation 226 (CD226), ICOS, and tumour necrosis factor receptors (TNFRs)) and simulated different aspects of T cell biology. Our model shows good correspondence with observations from available experimental studies of anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 therapies and suggest efficient combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Among the possible candidates, TIGIT appears to be the most promising drug target in our model. The model predicts that signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1)/STAT4-dependent pathways, activated by cytokines such as interleukin 12 (IL12) and interferon gamma (IFNG), could improve the effect of ICI therapy via upregulation of Tbet, suggesting that the effect of the cytokines related to STAT3/STAT1 activity is dependent on the balance between STAT1 and STAT3 downstream signalling.

New Methodology for Calculating the Impact of High Free Gas Content in the Flow on ESP Characteristics for the West Siberia Fields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirill Alexandrovich Goridko ◽  
Rinat Alfredovich Khabibullin ◽  
Vladimir Sergeevich Verbitsky ◽  
Arturas Rimo Shabonas ◽  
Guzel Kazakbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Engineering Method ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Free Gas ◽  
Power Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract One of the most common complications in the operation of wells with electric submersible pumps (ESP) is the presence of free gas in the produced well product. The work considers a model of ESP operation taking into account a large share of free gas in the flow obtained on the basis of bench tests and its applicability for analyzing the operation of real producing wells equipped with ESPs. Tests of ESP5-50 (118 radial stages) with model gas-liquid mixtures in a wide range of inlet gas volume-flow rate (0-60%), inlet pressure (0.6-2.1 MPa), shaft speed (2400-3600 rpm) with simultaneous pressure measurement along the pump length and direct measuring of power at the shaft by means of motor weights were performed at the oilfield development and operation department. Mathematical model is obtained by means of regression analysis of experimentally received characteristics of ESPs on gas liquid mixtures; a simple engineering method of calculating the degradation of ESPs characteristics by flow, head and power is suggested. The experience of building similar models described in the literature was taken into account. Experimental studies and creation of a mathematical model of ESP were carried out during Kirill Goridko's PhD thesis. As a result of the research we obtained the degradation dependencies of the pump's delivery and the head of ESP while pumping mixtures of different foam capacity, which simulate the pump operation in low and high watercut wells. The patterns of delivery and head coefficients depending on the zone (left, optimum, right) of ESP characteristic are revealed. The degradation of ESP power during pumping gas liquid mixture is clarified, which allows to calculate more accurately the specific energy consumption of well products lifting. The developed method of recalculation of the pressure and power characteristics of ESPs is implemented in the form of calculation modules designed for engineering calculations in oil production. The proposed tool has been tested on the data of the Western Siberia fields while analyzing the operation of wells with high gas content in the produced product. Calculation modules have been made publicly available. A new simple engineering method was developed to account for the degradation of the pressure and flow and power characteristics of ESPs for low- and medium-rate wells based on a large number of benchmark studies. Оbtained degradation dependences are programmed in the form of calculation modules, which allows to analyze the operation of a large number of wells on the basis of their technological mode, as well as to propose optimization measures to change the ESP operation at a higher level.

Воздействиеультразвуковогополянадинамическуювязкостьводы

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
P. Vikulin ◽  
K. Khlopov ◽  
M. Cherkashin
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ultrasonic Field ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Ultrasonic Frequency ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibrations ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Laboratory Setup ◽  
Sonic Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Enhancing water purification processes is provided by various methods including physical ones, in particular, exposure to ultrasonic vibrations. The change in the dynamic viscosity of water affects the rate of deposition of particles in the aquatic environment which can be used in natural and wastewater treatment. At the Department Water Supply and Wastewater Disposal of the National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering experimental studies were conducted under laboratory conditions to study the effect of ultrasound on the change in the dynamic viscosity of water. A laboratory setup has been designed consisting of an ultrasonic frequency generator of the relative intensity, a transducer (concentrator) that transmits ultrasonic vibrations to the source water, and sonic treatment tanks. Experimental studies on the impact of the ultrasonic field in the cavitation mode on the dynamic viscosity of the aqueous medium were carried out the exposure time was obtained to achieve the maximum effect.Интенсификация процессов очистки воды осуществляется с помощью различных методов, в том числе и физических, в частности воздействием ультразвуковых колебаний. Изменение динамической вязкости воды влияет на скорость осаждения частиц в водной среде, что может быть использовано в процессах очистки природных и сточных вод. На кафедре Водоснабжение и водоотведение Национального исследовательского Московского государственного строительного университета в лабораторных условиях проведены экспериментальные исследования по изучению влияния ультразвука на изменение динамической вязкости воды. Разработана схема лабораторной установки, состоящая из генератора ультразвуковых частот с соответствующей интенсивностью, преобразователя (концентратора), передающего ультразвуковые колебания в исходную воду, и емкости для озвучивания. Выполнены экспериментальные исследования по влиянию ультразвукового поля в режиме кавитации на динамическую вязкость водной среды, получено время экспозиции для достижения максимального эффекта.

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