Temperature Measurement Method of Falling Small Steel Balls Heated to a High Temperature by Using the Photographic Photometry Technique

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Katsuhiro Kinoshita ◽  
Yasuaki Hagimoto ◽  
Yoshio Kumooka
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Steel Balls ◽  
Small Steel ◽  
Photographic Photometry

Study on characteristics of schottky temperature detector based on metal/n-ZnO/n-Si structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Jingkai Wei ◽  
Caixia Guo ◽  
Tao Ma ◽  
Linqing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
High Temperature Measurement ◽  
Temperature Detector ◽  
Schottky Structure

Background: At present, the main problems of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) temperature detector focus on the narrow range of temperature detection, difficulty of the high temperature measurement. Besides, MEMS devices have different response characteristics for various surrounding temperature in the petrochemical and metallurgy application fields with high-temperature and harsh conditions. To evaluate the performance stability of the hightemperature MEMS devices, the real-time temperature measurement is necessary. Objective: A schottky temperature detector based on the metal/n-ZnO/n-Si structures is designed to measure high temperature (523~873K) for the high-temperature MEMS devices with large temperature range. Method: By using the finite element method (FEM), three different work function metals (Cu, Ni and Pt) contact with the n-ZnO are investigated to realize Schottky. At room temperature (298K) and high temperature (523~873K), the current densities with various bias voltages (J-V) are studied. Results: The simulation results show that the high temperature response power consumption of three schottky detectors of Cu, Ni and Pt decreases successively, which are 1.16 mW, 63.63 μW and 0.14 μW. The response temperature sensitivities of 6.35 μA/K, 0.78 μA/K, and 2.29 nA/K are achieved. Conclusion: The Cu/n-ZnO/n-Si schottky structure could be used as a high temperature detector (523~873K) for the hightemperature MEMS devices. It has a large temperature range (350K) and a high response sensitivity is 6.35 μA/K. Compared with traditional devices, the Cu/n-ZnO/n-Si Schottky structure based temperature detector has a low energy consumption of 1.16 mW, which has potential applications in the high-temperature measurement of the MEMS devices.

scholarly journals Turbine Blade Three-Wavelength Radiation Temperature Measurement Method Based on Reflection Error Correction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3913
Author(s):  
Kaifeng Zheng ◽  
Jinguang Lü ◽  
Yingze Zhao ◽  
Jin Tao ◽  
Yuxin Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Radiation Temperature ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Real Surface ◽  
Wavelength Radiation

The turbine blade is a key component in an aeroengine. Currently, measuring the turbine blade radiation temperature always requires obtaining the emissivity of the target surface in advance. However, changes in the emissivity and the reflected ambient radiation cause large errors in measurement results. In this paper, a three-wavelength radiation temperature measurement method was developed, without known emissivity, for reflection correction. Firstly, a three-dimensional dynamic reflection model of the turbine blade was established to describe the ambient radiation of the target blade based on the real surface of the engine turbine blade. Secondly, based on the reflection correction model, a three-wavelength radiation temperature measurement algorithm, independent of surface emissivity, was proposed to improve the measurement accuracy of the turbine blade radiation temperature in the engine. Finally, an experimental platform was built to verify the temperature measurement method. Compared with three conventional colorimetric methods, this method achieved an improved performance on blade temperature measurement, demonstrating a decline in the maximum error from 6.09% to 2.13% and in the average error from 2.82% to 1.20%. The proposed method would benefit the accuracy in the high-temperature measurement of turbine blades.

scholarly journals Friction and Wear of Oxide Scale Obtained on Pure Titanium after High-Temperature Oxidation

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3764
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Aniołek ◽  
Adrian Barylski ◽  
Marian Kupka
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxide Scale ◽  
High Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Oxide Films ◽  
Oxidation Temperature ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Wear Ratio ◽  
Steel Balls

High-temperature oxidation was performed at temperatures from 600 to 750 °C over a period of 24 h and 72 h. It was shown in the study that the oxide scale became more homogeneous and covered the entire surface as the oxidation temperature increased. After oxidation over a period of 24 h, the hardness of the produced layers increased as the oxidation temperature increased (from 892.4 to 1146.6 kgf/mm2). During oxidation in a longer time variant (72 h), layers with a higher hardness were obtained (1260 kgf/mm2). Studies on friction and wear characteristics of titanium were conducted using couples with ceramic balls (Al2O3, ZrO2) and with high-carbon steel (100Cr6) balls. The oxide films produced at a temperature range of 600–750 °C led to a reduction of the wear ratio value, with the lowest one obtained in tests with the 100Cr6 steel balls. Frictional contact of Al2O3 balls with an oxidized titanium disc resulted in a reduction of the wear ratio, but only for the oxide scales produced at 600 °C (24 h, 72 h) and 650 °C (24 h). For the ZrO2 balls, an increase in the wear ratio was observed, especially when interacting with the oxide films obtained after high-temperature oxidation at 650 °C or higher temperatures. The increase in wear intensity after titanium oxidation was also observed for the 100Cr6 steel balls.

scholarly journals High-Temperature Elastic Properties of Yttrium-Doped Barium Zirconate

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 968
Author(s):  
Fumitada Iguchi ◽  
Keisuke Hinata
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Barium Zirconate ◽  
Shear Moduli ◽  
Ceramic Fuel ◽  
Yttrium Concentration ◽  
Ceramic Fuel Cells

The elastic properties of 0, 10, 15, and 20 mol% yttrium-doped barium zirconate (BZY0, BZY10, BZY15, and BZY20) at the operating temperatures of protonic ceramic fuel cells were evaluated. The proposed measurement method for low sinterability materials could accurately determine the sonic velocities of small-pellet-type samples, and the elastic properties were determined based on these velocities. The Young’s modulus of BZY10, BZY15, and BZY20 was 224, 218, and 209 GPa at 20 °C, respectively, and the values decreased as the yttrium concentration increased. At high temperatures (>20 °C), as the temperature increased, the Young’s and shear moduli decreased, whereas the bulk modulus and Poisson’s ratio increased. The Young’s and shear moduli varied nonlinearly with the temperature: The values decreased rapidly from 100 to 300 °C and gradually at temperatures beyond 400 °C. The Young’s modulus of BZY10, BZY15, and BZY20 was 137, 159, and 122 GPa at 500 °C, respectively, 30–40% smaller than the values at 20 °C. The influence of the temperature was larger than that of the change in the yttrium concentration.

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